scholarly journals Experimental Infection with bovine parainfluenza type 3 virus in mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-84
Author(s):  
Aida Bara Allawe
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Intranasal Route ◽  
Intracerebral Inoculation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Mice Brain ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Old Mice

     Four weeks old mice were used for experimental infection with isolated bovine parainfluenza type 3 virus. Mice were divided into three groups: The first group was infected by intracerebral route, the second group was infected by intranasal route and the third group was a control group. Experimental infection with isolated bovine parainfluenza type 3 virus in mice revealed that the isolated BPIV-3 was unable to kill 4 weeks old mice within 65 days when inoculated by intracerebral route, but isolated BPIV-3 was shown to kill (5 out of 10) 4 weeks old mice within 65 days when inoculated by intranasal route. There was no mortality in the control group within the same period. Two weeks old mice were used for experimental infection with isolated bovine parainfluenza type 3 virus and histopathological examination of infected organs was performed. Experimental infection of 2 weeks old mice by isolated BPIV-3 revealed that isolated BPIV-3 induced hydrocephalus after intracerebral inoculation. Histopathological examination for collected organs of BPIV-3 infected 2 weeks old mice (brain and lung) indicated histopathological changes were detected in comparison to non-infected collected organs. Virus was reisolated from infected brains of experimentally infected mice with locally isolated BPIV-3.

scholarly journals The Effect of Mycotoxin Deoxynivalenol on Haematological and Biochemical Indicators and Histopathological Changes in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iveta Matejova ◽  
Helena Modra ◽  
Jana Blahova ◽  
Ales Franc ◽  
Petr Fictum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Biometric Parameters ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Commercial Feed ◽  
Biochemical Indices

Deoxynivalenol (DON), produced by theFusariumgenus, is a major contaminant of cereal grains used in the production of fish feed. The effect of mycotoxin deoxynivalenol on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was studied using a commercial feed with the addition of DON in a dose of 2 mg/kg feed. The fish(n=40)were exposed to the mycotoxin for 23 days. The trout were divided into two groups, control and experimental groups. Control groups were fed a commercial feed naturally contaminated with a low concentration of DON (225 μg/kg feed); experimental groups were fed a commercial feed with the addition of DON (1964 μg/kg feed). Plasma biochemical and haematological indices, biometric parameters, and histopathological changes were assessed at the end of the experiment. The experimental groups showed significantly lower values in MCH(P<0.05). In biochemical indices, after 23-day exposure, a significant decrease in glucose, cholesterol(P<0.05), and ammonia(P<0.01)was recorded in the experimental group compared to the control group. Our assessment showed no significant changes in biometric parameters. The histopathological examination revealed disorders in the caudal kidney of the exposed fish. The obtained data show the sensitivity of rainbow trout (O. mykiss) to deoxynivalenol.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Doses of Doxorubicin on Pituitary Gland and Some Testicular Function in Adult Male Rabbits

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
Baraa N. AL-Okaily
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
The Third ◽  
Histopathological Studies ◽  
And Control ◽  
Different Doses

The present study was designed to search out the effect of different doses of doxorubicin some functions of pituitary gland and testes in adult male rabbits. Twenty adult male rabbits were randomly divided into four equal groups and treated for 28 days as follows: first group (control) were injected with normal saline; second group (GI) were injected with doxorubicin 3 mg/ kg B.W., while animals in the third group (GII) and fourth group (GIII) injected with 3.5 and 4 mg/ kg body weight of doxorubicin respectively, all animals were injected twice a week via ear vein. At the end of experiment fasting blood (8-10 hrs) samples were collected. Blood was drawn by cardiac puncture technique and serum was collected for measuring the hormones, Follicular Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Luteinizing Hormone (LH), and Testosterone (T). In addition, sections from pituitary gland and testes were taken for histopathological studies. The results showed significant increase (P<0.05) in serum FSH, LH and T levels in group (GIII) as compared to GI, GI and control groups. Beside significant increases in T levels was observed in GII as compared to control group. Sever histopathological changes was observed in testes including thickness of basement membrane, protienous material in lumen of somniferous tubules and pituitary gland showed fibrosis, faculation of epithelial cell in all treated groups. In conclusion different doses of doxorubicin have detrimental effect on pituitary gland and male reproductive system of rabbits

scholarly journals Teratogenic effects of Metoprolol in the chick embryos

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
Abbas Razzaq Abed
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Teratogenic Effects ◽  
Fourth Group ◽  
The Third ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
T1 And T2

     This study was conducted to demonstrate the effect of Metoprolol on chicken embryos during the period of cuddling automated .This study was completed in Babylon hatchery dedicated to the production of chick chickens, which is located in the province of Babylon. One hundred eggs (Belgian origin, CZ 1924) were divided into equal four groups. The first group injected eggs by Metaprolol at dose 10 mg /70kg BW, and the second group eggs was injected by Metoprolol at dose 15 mg /70kg BW, while eggs in the third group was injected by physiological normal saline only and the fourth group did not inject their eggs any material and considered the control group and all the eggs used in this experiment to take on the fourth day of cuddling. The results of this study showed a decrease in the percentage hatching in groups injected with Metoprolol (T1 and T2 groups, 4% and 13%, respectively) compared to the T3 and the control groups. Also showed the results of the current study, no significant difference at the level of (P <0.05) in the weights of embryos after hatching. While histopathological examination showed the presence of pathological lesions in the heart tissue in injected eggs groups by Metoprolol (T1 and T2 groups) and included these changes infiltration of inflammatory cells, thickening in epicardium and the presence of vacuolation in heart tissue with the appearance of edema, heart tissue damage, congestion in the blood vessels and the occurrence of hemorrhage.

scholarly journals The effect of usage of Artemisia herba alba and Urtica dioica herbs extracts on the histopathological changes of Eimeria tenella parasite in the broiler chick.

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (0A) ◽  
pp. 165-173
Author(s):  
Haider Mohammad Ali Al-Rubaie1
Keyword(s):  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Eimeria Tenella ◽  
Urtica Dioica ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Epithelial Layer ◽  
Histopathological Changes

This study was conducted to determine the biological effects of both Artemisia herba alba andUrtica dioica on the pathogenesis of Eimeria tenella, so 150 broilers, 7days old (Ross breed)were used, divided randomly into 6 groups. The first fourth groups include 30 chicks for eachgroup, while fifth and sixth groups have 15 chicks for each, consider as positive and negativegroups.The first five groups infected orally with 1000 oocysts of E.tenella directly into the cropat 17 days old. Histopathological examination of cecae in the treated groups with Urtica dioicarevealed moderate mononuclear cells (MNCs) infiltration, while sever lymphocytic aggregationswere seen in the treated group of water extract comparing with less cellular inflammatoryinfiltration was seen in the treated group with Artemisia herba alba .Severe degeneration andnecrotic changes were appeared in epithelial layer of mucus glands as well as appearance ofdegenerated schizonts in the section of the control group.

scholarly journals Curcumin improves atorvastatin-induced myotoxicity in rats: Histopathological and biochemical evidence

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 742-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Said Said Elshama ◽  
Ayman El-Meghawry El-Kenawy ◽  
Hosam-Eldin Hussein Osman
Keyword(s):  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Microscope Examination ◽  
Fourth Group ◽  
The Third ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cardiac Muscles ◽  
Chronic Use

Atorvastatin is considered to be one of the most commonly used of all statins anti-hyperlipidemic drugs despite the fact that there is much controversy about its safety. Its therapeutic use becomes severely limited by the hazards of inducing myotoxicity. Curcumin is one of the safe spices that have chemoprotection and cytoprotection effects against endogenous and exogenous noxious stimuli. This study investigates the effect of curcumin on atorvastatin sub-chronic use-induced myotoxicity in rats by the assessment of serum creatinine phosphokinase, lactic acid dehydrogenase, myoglobin, troponin, potassium, creatinine, and histopathological changes of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles by light and electron microscope examination. Eighty adult albino rats were divided into four groups; each group consists of 20 rats. The control group received water, the second group received atorvastatin, the third group received curcumin, and the fourth group received curcumin with atorvastatin for 90 days by gastric gavage. The prolonged use of atorvastatin induced significant abnormalities of all myotoxicity biomarkers associated with histopathological and ultrastructural changes in the different types of the muscles. Co-administration of curcumin with sub-chronic use of atorvastatin led to an improvement in myotoxicity manifestations.

scholarly journals Reproductive Pathological Changes Associated with Experimental SubchronicCorynebacterium pseudotuberculosisInfection in Nonpregnant Boer Does

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Othman ◽  
Y. Abba ◽  
F. F. A. Jesse ◽  
Y. M. Ilyasu ◽  
A. A. Saharee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Inflammatory Cell ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intranasal Route ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosiscauses caseous lymphadenitis (CLA), which is a contagious and chronic disease in sheep and goats. In order to assess the histopathological changes observed in the reproductive organs of nonpregnant does infected with the bacteria, 20 apparently healthy adult Boer does were divided into four inoculation groups, intradermal, intranasal, oral, and control, consisting of five goats each. Excluding the control group, which was unexposed, other does were inoculated with 107 CFU/1 mL of liveC. pseudotuberculosisthrough the various routes stated above.Thirty days after infection, the ovaries, uterus, and iliac lymph nodes were collected for bacterial recovery and molecular detection, as well as histopathological examination. The mean changes in necrosis, congestion, inflammatory cell infiltration, and oedema varied in severity among the ovaries, uterus, and iliac lymph nodes following different inoculation routes. Overall, the intranasal route of inoculation showed more severe (p<0.05) lesions in all the organs examined. The findings of this study have shown thatC. pseudotuberculosiscould predispose to infertility resulting from pathological lesions in the uterus and ovaries of does.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Melatonin against Oxidative Stress, DNA Damage and Histopathological Changes Induced by Nicotine in Liver and Kidneys of Male Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
10Mg Dose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dna Integrity ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Antioxidant Parameters

The present study was carried out to investigate and compare the effect of nicotine alone and in combination with melatonin on some oxidants and antioxidant parameters, histopathological changes and DNA integrity in the liver and kidneys of male rats. For this purpose 75 mature male rats weighing 120-140g were randomly divided into five groups; control group (1% ethanol in saline), nicotine group (rats administrated nicotine at a dose of 0.6mg/kg body weight; BW) and nicotine and melatonin groups (rats administrated the same dose of nicotine plus 1, 5 or 10mg/kg BW melatonin, respectively). Nicotine and ‏ melatonin were injected intraperitoneally daily for 21days. Fasting blood samples were collected from each rat one day after the end of last injection (at 22nd day) and sera were collected for determination of total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Five rats were sacrificed from each group; Liver and kidneys were collected for estimation of oxidative stress parameters (MDA, SOD and GSH), histopathological examination and for estimation of DNA damage. The results revealed that nicotine increased MDA, decreased TAC, SOD and GSH, induced histopathological changes and increased the percentage of DNA damage in the liver and kidneys Melatonin administration with nicotine counteracted the effect of nicotine on previous parameters. The effect of melatonin was dose dependent and the 10mg dose produced the highest protective effect. It is concluded that melatonin can ameliorate the harmful effect of nicotine on the liver and kidneys of male rats.

scholarly journals Assessment The Efficacy of Thymol Against Toxocara Vitulorum In Experimentally Infected Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawky M Aboelhadid ◽  
Sahar Abdel Aleem Abdel-Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Untreated Control Group ◽  
Toxocara Vitulorum ◽  
The Third ◽  
Ifn Γ

Abstract The effect of thymol and ivermectin on the development and embryonation of Toxocara vitulorum (T. vitulorum) eggs, as well as their migration in albino rats was investigated in vitro. A total of forty male albino rats were divided into four groups for an in vivo experiment. The first group was uninfected; the second group was infected but left untreated; the third group received thymol at a dose of 40 mg/kg; and the fourth group received ivermectin (0.2 mg/kg). Thymol inhibited the development of Toxocara larvae within the eggs in vitro. Ivermectin; however, produced inconsistent results. The in vivo results indicated that the recovery rates of Toxocara larvae from the liver and lungs on day 7 post-infection were significantly lower in the thymol- or ivermectin-treated group than in the infected untreated control group. Histopathological examination demonstrated that thymol and ivermectin were effective in reducing larval load, reducing the number and size of granulomas in the absence of larvae, and improving tissue architectures. Albumin levels were significantly increased in the thymol-treated group. Nitric oxide, IL-4, and IFN- γ levels were significantly decreased in the serum of the thymol- or ivermectin-treated group. The current study concluded that thymol possessed anti-Toxocara activity in a rat model. Additionally, thymol possessed ovicidal properties and may be used as a disinfectant.

scholarly journals Immunization effect of Proteus vulgaris fimbrial and lipopolysaccharide antigens in histopathological changes in some internal organ

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1448-1454
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Buffer Control ◽  
And Control

The aim of this study to conduct the effects of fimbrial and lipopolysacchride (LPS) immunization is on the pathohistological changes in rabbits, Fifteen rabbits of both sexes (Weight 1500-2000 gm) divided into three groups (5 animals of each group). The first group was immunized by 1ml (200µg /animal) of fimbrial subcutaneously the second group gave 1 ml ( 200 µg /animal) LPS while the third group was left as negative control group that injected 1 ml phosphate buffer control subcutaneously. First and second groups recived the same dose after two weeks give as booster dose. All animals challenged after 5 weeks of immunization by5X107CFU/ml Proteus vulgaris intra peritoneally .After 7 days from challenge all the animals, sacrificed for histopathological examination . The results showed that the fimbrial group had a severe infiltrations of mononucleart cells in liver and kidney ,but there was no clear histopathological changes observed in the spleen compared with lipopolysaccharide and control group . Also this group showed a slight mononuclear cells infiltration in lamina properia of intestine ;while the lipopolysaccharide group showed hypertrophy of epithelial cells with a mild mononuclear cells infiltration in lamina properia as compared with the control group that showed presence of mononuclear cells aggregation in the lamina properia .Our conclusion That the defense of animals against Proteus vulgaris more efficient in fimbrial antigen than lipopolysaccharide antigen by decrease the pathological effects of this bacteria.

Aerosol infection of calves with Histophilus somni

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katalin Jánosi ◽  
László Stipkovits ◽  
Róbert Glávits ◽  
Tamás Molnár ◽  
László Makrai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
The Third ◽  
Repeated Infection ◽  
Histophilus Somni ◽  
Aerosol Infection ◽  
And Control ◽  
Natural Way

The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate an aerosol infection method withHistophilus somnithat closely resembles the natural way of infection of calves. Another aim was to compare the virulence of twoH. somnistrains by collecting clinical and postmortem data of experimentally infected and control animals. Seventeen conventionally reared 3-month-old calves were divided into three groups. Two groups of six animals each were exposed to suspensions containingH. somnion three consecutive days using a vaporiser mask. The third group of five animals was used as control. The data of individual clinical examination were recorded daily. All animals were exterminated, and gross pathology of all lungs was evaluated on the 15th day after the first infection. BothH. somnistrains caused an increase of rectal temperature, respiratory signs, decrease of weight gain, and severe catarrhal bronchopneumonia in both infected groups. Although some chronic lesions were detected in the lungs of the control animals as well, the histopathological findings in the infected and control groups were different.H. somniwas recultured from all lungs in the challenged groups but it could not be reisolated or detected by PCR examination in the control group. This is the first paper on aerosol challenge of calves withH. somniusing repeated infection and verified by detailed pathological, bacteriological and histopathological examination. The infection method proved to be successful. There was no difference in the virulence of the twoH. somnistrains used in the trial.

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