scholarly journals Volcanogenic Deposits of Non-ferrous Metals in the Lesser Caucasus and Eastern Pontides

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kekelia ◽  
Nona Gagnidze ◽  
I. Mshvenieradze ◽  
G. Kharazishvili
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Porphyry Copper ◽  
Mining District ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Lesser Caucasus ◽  
Volcanogenic Deposits ◽  
Copper Ores ◽  
Literature Material

The paper presents brief characteristics of geological environments of ore deposit occurrences in Turkey, Georgia and Armenia. They can be attributed to Kuroko-type deposits, being distinguished by the character of ore accumulation. To the west, in Turkey, there are epigenetic and hydrothermal-sedimentary copper-zinc deposits that were formed in deep restricted basinal settings. An example of the latter is the Chayeli deposit.To the east, in the Caucasus, we have predominantly only epigenetic deposits. Besides, in the Bolnisi mining district (Georgia) there is the Madneuli deposit which represents an example of polyformational deposit. Here, within the restricted territory, have been concentrated:barite, barite-polymetallic, gold-bearing secondary quartzite, large-scale stockworks of copper ores. Judged by the 87Sr/86Sr ratios, some volcanites which are spatially associated with ores, might have been products of the “differentiation” of undepleted mantle, or other magmas that were generated in the lower part of the earth crust.In the Alaverdi ore district in Armenia, there are Jurassic volcanodepressions that host copper, copper-zinc and barite-sulfide ores. All the deposits of the Alaverdi district, porphyry copper including, contain economic reserves of ores.On the basis of available literature material and our own data, there has been created a mental-logical geological-genetic model of volcanogenic deposits.

Age, sex and BMI influence on copper, zinc and their major serum carrier proteins in a large European population including Nonagenarian Offspring from MARK-AGE study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Piacenza ◽  
Robertina Giacconi ◽  
Laura Costarelli ◽  
Andrea Basso ◽  
Alexander Bürkle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
European Population ◽  
Shared Environment ◽  
Carrier Proteins ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inflammatory Parameters ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract The analysis of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) along with their major serum carriers, albumin (Alb) and ceruloplasmin (Cp), could provide information on the capacity of humans to maintain homeostasis of metals (metallostasis). However, their relationship with aging, sex, BMI, as well as with nutritional and inflammatory markers was never investigated in a large-scale study. Here, we report results from the European large-scale cross-sectional study MARK-AGE in which Cu, Zn, Alb, Cp as well as nutritional and inflammatory parameters were determined in 2424 age-stratified subjects (35-75 years) including the general population (RASIG), nonagenarian offspring (GO), a well-studied genetic model of longevity, and spouses of GO (SGO). In RASIG, Cu to Zn ratio and Cp to Alb ratio were higher in women than in men. Both ratios increased with aging because Cu and Cp increased and Alb and Zn decreased. Cu, Zn, Alb and Cp were found associated with several inflammatory as well as nutritional biomarkers.GO showed higher Zn levels and higher Zn to Alb ratio compared to RASIG, but we did not observe significant differences with SGO, likely as a consequence of the low sample size of SGO and the shared environment. Our results show that aging, sex, BMI and GO status are characterized by different levels of Cu, Zn and their serum carrier proteins. These data and their relationship with inflammatory biomarkers support the concept that loss of metallostasis is a characteristic of inflammaging.

Cadmium exposure as a key risk factor for residents in a world large-scale barite mining district, southwestern China

Chemosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 269 ◽  
pp. 129387
Author(s):  
Qinhui Lu ◽  
Zhidong Xu ◽  
Xiaohang Xu ◽  
Lin Liu ◽  
Longchao Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cadmium Exposure ◽  
Southwestern China ◽  
Mining District

Assessment of the technical condition of underground structures of the largest hydroelectric power station in the North Caucasus, the Chirkeyskaya HPP

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 410-420
Author(s):  
Vladimir N. KAVKAZKY ◽  
◽  
Yana V. MEL’NIK ◽  
Alexey P. LEIKIN ◽  
Andrey V. BENIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Hydroelectric Power Plant ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Hydroelectric Power Station ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Underground Structures ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
The North

Objective: Chirkeyskaya HPP is by far the most powerful hydroelectric power plant in the North Caucasus with the highest arched dam in Russia and the second highest dam in the country after the Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP. This explains why it is called the pearl of the Caucasus. Methods: For the operation and maintenance of this unique structure, a large-scale complex of underground structures for various purposes was built, the technical condition of which must be constantly monitored. To carry out work on the survey of underground structures, the management of the design and survey institute of JSC “Lengidroproekt” decided to attract specialists from the Department of Tunnels and Subways and the Test Center “Strength” of Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University. The work was successfully carried out at the end of 2015. Results: The safety of underground structures was objectively assessed. Recommendations for the repair and further comprehensive reconstruction of the Chirkeyskaya HPP have been developed. Practical importance: Carry out work on the survey of underground structures of Chirkeyskaya HPP is allowes elaborate of complex measures on safety from Chirkeyskaya HPP.

Lineaments Revisited

SEG Discovery ◽  
2000 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
JEREMY P. RICHARDS
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Mineral Exploration ◽  
Porphyry Copper ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Tectonic Events ◽  
Magma Reservoirs ◽  
Magma Supply ◽  
Magmatic History ◽  
Lithospheric Stress ◽  
Crustal Magma

ABSTRACT Large-scale crustal lineaments are recognized as corridors (up to 30 km wide) of aligned geological, structural, geomorphological, or geophysical features that are distinct from regional geological trends such as outcrop traces. They are commonly difficult to observe on the ground, the scale of the features and their interrelationships being too large to map except at a regional scale. They are therefore most easily identified from satellite imagery and geophysical (gravity, magnetic) maps. Lineaments are believed to be the surface expressions of ancient, deep-crustal or trans-lithospheric structures, which periodically have been reactivated as planes of weakness during subsequent tectonic events. These planes of weakness, and in particular their intersections, may provide high-permeability channels for ascent of deeply derived magmas and fluids. Optimum conditions for magma penetration are provided when these structures are placed under tension or transtension. In regions of subduction-related magmatism, porphyry copper and related deposits may be generated along these lineaments because the structures serve to focus the ascent of relatively evolved magmas and fluid distillates from deep-crustal magma reservoirs. However, lineament intersections can only focus such activity where a magma supply exists, and when lithospheric stress conditions permit. A comprehensive understanding of regional tectono-magmatic history is therefore required to interpret lineament maps in terms of their prospectivity for mineral exploration.

scholarly journals Металлогения Конгинской зоны Омолонского террейна (Северо-Восток Азии)

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-16
Author(s):  
A. N. Glukhov ◽  
◽  
V. V. Priymenko ◽  
M. I. Fomina ◽  
V. V. Akinin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porphyry Copper ◽  
Gold Silver ◽  
Copper Gold ◽  
Polymetallic Mineralization ◽  
Polymetallic Ore ◽  
Copper Ores

The article presents new data on geology, mineralogy, and geochemistry of porphyry-copper, gold-silver, and silver-polymetallic ore occurrences in the Kongin magmatic zone of the Omolon terrane and granitoids, associated with it. It has been demonstrated that petrology and the age of granitoids are similar to those in the OCVB Penzhina segment. Mineralization of the Kongin zone is very close to that of the OCVB, differing in relatively high Mo in porphyry-copper ores and prevalence of silver-polymetallic mineralization over gold-silver.

scholarly journals Paragenetic and petrographic study of uranium mineralization along the Midwest Trend, Northeastern Athabasca Basin

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Peter Ferguson ◽  
Guoxiang Chi ◽  
Charles Normand ◽  
Patrick Ledru ◽  
Odile Maufrais-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Resource ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Uranium Deposit ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Uranium Mineralization ◽  
Mining District ◽  
Uranium Deposits ◽  
Athabasca Basin ◽  
Technical Report ◽  
Petrographic Study

The Athabasca Basin in northern Saskatchewan is host to many world-class uranium deposits associated with the unconformity between the Paleoproterozoic sandstone of the basin and the underlying crystalline basement (Jefferson et al., 2007).  While the style and tonnage of these deposits vary, the current genetic model for unconformity-related uranium deposits has been a practical tool for exploration in the Athabasca Basin. However, the factors which control the location and formation of these deposits is still not fully understood. A paragenetic and petrographic study of mineralization along the Midwest Trend, located on the northeastern margin of the Athabasca Basin, aims to refine the current model and to address the general problem: What are the factors which control mineralization and non-mineralization? The Midwest Trend will be used as a "modèle réduit" for uranium mineralization, as it displays many features characteristic of unconformity type deposits. The Midwest Trend comprises three mineral leases that encompass two uranium deposits, the Midwest Main and Midwest A (Allen et al., 2017a, b). Mineralization occurs along a NE-trending graphitic structure, and is hosted by the sandstone, at the unconformity, and in much lesser amounts in the underlying basement rocks. Petrographic observations aided by the use of RAMAN spectroscopy and SEM-EDS, have been used to create a paragenetic sequence of mineralization (Fig.1). Future work will focus on fluid inclusion studies using microthermometry, LA-ICP-MS, and mass spectrometry of contained gases. References:Allen, T., Quirt, D., Masset, O. (2017a). Midwest A Uranium Deposit, Midwest Property, Northern Mining District, Saskatchewan, NTS Map Area 741/8: 2017 Mineral Resource Technical Report. AREVA Resources Canada Inc. Internal Report No. 17-CND-33-01. Allen, T., Quirt, D., Masset, O. (2017b). Midwest Main Uranium Deposit, Midwest Property, Northern Mining District, Saskatchewan, NTS Map Area 741/8: 2017 Mineral Resource Technical Report. AREVA Resources Canada Inc. Internal Report No. 17-CND-33-01. Jefferson, C.W., Thomas, D.J., Gandhi, S.S., Ramaekers, P., Delaney, G., Brisbin, D., Cutts, C., Portella, P., and Olson, R.A., 2007: Unconformity-associated uranium deposits of the Athabasca Basin, Saskatchewan and Alberta. Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 588, p. 23–67.

scholarly journals Interplay of population genetics and dynamics in the genetic control of mosquitoes

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (93) ◽  
pp. 20131071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Alphey ◽  
Michael B. Bonsall
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetics ◽  
Overlapping Generations ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Homing Endonuclease ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Larval Competition ◽  
Selfish Genetic Elements ◽  
Fitness Effects ◽  
Ecological Aspects

Some proposed genetics-based vector control methods aim to suppress or eliminate a mosquito population in a similar manner to the sterile insect technique. One approach under development in Anopheles mosquitoes uses homing endonuclease genes (HEGs)—selfish genetic elements (inherited at greater than Mendelian rate) that can spread rapidly through a population even if they reduce fitness. HEGs have potential to drive introduced traits through a population without large-scale sustained releases. The population genetics of HEG-based systems has been established using discrete-time mathematical models. However, several ecologically important aspects remain unexplored. We formulate a new continuous-time (overlapping generations) combined population dynamic and genetic model and apply it to a HEG that targets and knocks out a gene that is important for survival. We explore the effects of density dependence ranging from undercompensating to overcompensating larval competition, occurring before or after HEG fitness effects, and consider differences in competitive effect between genotypes (wild-type, heterozygotes and HEG homozygotes). We show that population outcomes—elimination, suppression or loss of the HEG—depend crucially on the interaction between these ecological aspects and genetics, and explain how the HEG fitness properties, the homing rate (drive) and the insect's life-history parameters influence those outcomes.

Description of new apterous winter species of Leuctra (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) based morphology and DNA barcoding and further records to stonefly fauna of the Caucasus, Georgia 

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4585 (3) ◽  
pp. 547
Author(s):  
VALENTINA A. TESLENKO ◽  
DMITRY M. PALATOV ◽  
ALEXANDER A. SEMENCHENKO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Lesser Caucasus ◽  
First Time

Leuctra adjariae sp. n. and Leuctra georgiae sp. n. (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) are described as two new apterous stonefly species from the Meskheti Range (Lesser Caucasus) in southwestern Georgia. Descriptions and illustrations are provided for both sexes and diagnostic characters are discussed. Males and females of the two species are associated by DNA barcodes. Comparisons with corresponding regions of COI between L. adjariae sp. n. and L. georgiae sp. n. produced K2P genetic distances of 8.38%, values well associated with interspecific variation. The well-supported monophyly as well as results of an ABGD analysis confirms the validity of both new species. Capnioneura gouanerae Vinçon & Sivec, 2011, previously described and known only from Turkey, is reported for the first time for the Caucasus. 

scholarly journals Ancient DNA shows domestic horses were introduced in the southern Caucasus and Anatolia during the Bronze Age

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (38) ◽  
pp. eabb0030
Author(s):  
Silvia Guimaraes ◽  
Benjamin S. Arbuckle ◽  
Joris Peters ◽  
Sarah E. Adcock ◽  
Hijlke Buitenhuis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Domestic Horses ◽  
Third Millennium Bce ◽  
History Of ◽  
Southern Caucasus ◽  
The Bronze Age

Despite the important roles that horses have played in human history, particularly in the spread of languages and cultures, and correspondingly intensive research on this topic, the origin of domestic horses remains elusive. Several domestication centers have been hypothesized, but most of these have been invalidated through recent paleogenetic studies. Anatolia is a region with an extended history of horse exploitation that has been considered a candidate for the origins of domestic horses but has never been subject to detailed investigation. Our paleogenetic study of pre- and protohistoric horses in Anatolia and the Caucasus, based on a diachronic sample from the early Neolithic to the Iron Age (~8000 to ~1000 BCE) that encompasses the presumed transition from wild to domestic horses (4000 to 3000 BCE), shows the rapid and large-scale introduction of domestic horses at the end of the third millennium BCE. Thus, our results argue strongly against autochthonous independent domestication of horses in Anatolia.

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