Cultivar decline in sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas)

The sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) crop is propagated vegetatively by field transplanting adventitious sprouts produced on storage roots retained from the previous seasons harvest This system promotes the persistence and accumulation of both viruses and spontaneous mutations A phenomenon known as cultivar decline has been reported internationally where the root yield and appearance of commercially grown sweetpotato cultivars appear to deteriorate over successive growing seasons The relative contributions of virus infection and plant mutation to cultivar decline are uncertain but both issues are addressed through the use of virustested tissue cultured propagation systems This study assessed the degree of decline for cultivars Owairaka Red and Beauregard within the New Zealand biophysical production environment Storage root yield decreased significantly with increasing field exposure for both cultivars (P

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Effect of planting methods on growth and yield of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) varieties at Luyengo, midlevel of Eswatini

World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews ◽

10.30574/wjarr.2021.11.1.0281 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 013-021

Author(s):

Sakhile Sipho Dlamini ◽

Mzwandile Petros Mabuza ◽

Bonginkhosi Edward Dlamini

Keyword(s):

Sweet Potato ◽

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Storage Root ◽

Root Yield ◽

Storage Roots ◽

Potato Varieties ◽

Planting Methods ◽

Method Of Planting ◽

Planting Method

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is the most grown storage root crop in Eswatini. However, its storage root yield is low among smallholder farmers partly due to use of inappropriate varieties and agronomic practices such as planting method. Thus, a field experiment was conducted at the University of Eswatini, Faculty of Agriculture, Luyengo, during 2019/2020 cropping season to determine the effects of planting method on growth and yield of the three sweet potato varieties. Two planting methods, namely horizontal and vertical; and three sweet potato varieties, namely Kenya-white, Ligwalagwala and Lamngititi were evaluated in a factorial arrangement in randomized complete block design in three replications. Results showed non-significant difference between the planting methods in most growth and yield parameters recorded for the sweet potato varieties. However, the vertical method of planting had relatively higher vine length, number of branches, mass of storage roots and storage root yield than the horizontal method. On the other hand, there were significant (P<0.05) differences among the sweet potato varieties for most of parameters recorded. The sweet potato variety Ligwalagwala had the highest vine length, number of storage roots per plant (6.47), mass of storage roots per plant (1137 g) and storage root yield (12.01 tonnes/ha). Thus, either horizontal or vertical method of planting and variety Ligwalagwala can be used to increase the productivity of sweet potato in the study area.

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The assessment of yield and quality traits of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) genotypes in middle Black Sea region, Turkey

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0257703 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (9) ◽

pp. e0257703

Author(s):

Yasin Bedrettin Karan ◽

Özlem Gültekin Şanli

Keyword(s):

Sweet Potato ◽

Black Sea ◽

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Quality Traits ◽

Storage Root ◽

Root Yield ◽

Storage Roots ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Second Year

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) cultivation in Turkey is concentrated in one province situated in Mediterranean region only, which would not fulfill the domestic needs of the country soon. Therefore, cultivation of the crop in other provinces/climatic regions should be initiated to fulfill the domestic needs. The cultivation in other provinces requires thorough assessment of yield and quality traits of target crop. Therefore, yield and quality characteristics of four sweet potato genotypes (i.e., ‘Hatay Kırmızısı’, ‘Hatay Yerlisi’, ‘Havuc’ and ‘Kalem’) were assessed in the current study in Kazova and Niksar counties of Tokat province of the country having middle Black Sea climate in field experiments during 2018 and 2019. The cuttings of the genotypes were planted in Niksar during the second fortnight of April and first week of May in Kazova. The planting density was kept 90 × 45 cm. Data relating to number of storage roots, storage root weight, storage root yield per hill and storage root yield per hectare were recorded. Furthermore, quality traits, including dry matter ratio (%), protein ratio (%) and antioxidant ratio (%) of storage roots were also determined. The highest total storage root yield was recorded for ‘Havuc’ genotype during both years and locations, followed by ‘Hatay Yerlisi’ and ‘Hatay Kırmızısı’ genotypes. Overall, storage root yield (60.06 and 62.40 tons ha-1 during first and second year) recorded for the experiment at Niksar was higher than the storage root yield recorded for Kazova experiment (53.50 and 52.84 tons ha-1 during first and second year, respectively). The highest dry matter was produced by ‘Kalem’ and ‘Hatay Yerlisi’ genotypes during both years and at both locations, followed by ‘Hatay Kırmızısı’ and ‘Havuc’ genotypes. The storage roots of the tested genotypes accumulated higher dry matter at Kazova during both years. The highest protein content was obtained from the ‘Kalem’ genotype, and the protein contents of the ‘Hatay Yerlisi’ and ‘Hatay Kırmızısı’ genotypes were close to the ‘Kalem’ genotype. The results indicated that tested genotypes can successfully be cultivated in middle Black Sea climate. Therefore, production of sweet potato can be initiated in the future to meet the domestic needs for sweet potato in the country.

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Failure Analysis under Electric Lights: Growth and Yield of Sweetpotato in Response to 14 Days of Prolonged Darkness

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci10637-16 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 51 (12) ◽

pp. 1479-1481

Author(s):

Desmond G. Mortley ◽

Douglas R. Hileman ◽

Conrad K. Bonsi ◽

Walter A. Hill ◽

Carlton E. Morris

Keyword(s):

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Photon Flux ◽

Storage Root ◽

Growth Responses ◽

Root Yield ◽

Fibrous Root ◽

Storage Roots ◽

The Impact

Two sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam] genotypes (TU-82-155 and NCC-58) were grown hydroponically and subjected to a temporary loss of lighting in the form of 14 days of prolonged darkness compared with a lighted control under standard daily light periods to determine the impact on growth responses and storage root yield. Vine cuttings of both genotypes were grown in rectangular channels. At 65 days after planting, lights were turned off in the treatment chambers and replaced by a single incandescent lamp, providing between 7 and 10 µmol·m−2·s−1 photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) for 18 hours, and the temperature lowered from 28/22 °C light/dark, to a constant 20 °C. Plants remained under these conditions for 14 days after which the original light level was restored. Growth chamber conditions predark included, a PPF mean provided by 400-W metal halide lamps, of 600 ± 25 µmol·m−2·s−1, an 18-hour light/6-hour dark cycle and a relative humidity of 70% ± 5%. The nutrient solution used was a modified half-Hoagland with pH and electrical conductivity (EC) maintained between 5.5–6.0 and 1000–1200 μS·cm−1, respectively, and was adjusted weekly. Storage root number and fresh weight were similar regardless of treatments. Plants exposed to prolonged darkness produced 10.5% and 25% lower fibrous root fresh and dry mass, respectively, but similar foliage yield and harvest index (HI). ‘NCC-58’ produced an average of 31% greater storage root yield than that of ‘TU-82-155’ but the number of storage roots as well as % dry matter (%DM) were similar. ‘NCC-58’ also produced 31% greater fibrous root dry weight, whereas ‘TU-82-155’ produced a 44% greater HI. The significant interaction between prolonged darkness and cultivars for %DM of the storage roots showed that DM for ‘TU-82-155’ was 18.4% under prolonged darkness and 17.9% in the light. That for ‘NCC-58’ was 16.4% under prolonged darkness compared with 19.4% (14.8% greater) for plants that were not subjected to prolonged darkness. The evidence that there were no adverse impacts on storage root yield following the exposure to prolonged darkness suggests that the detrimental effects were below the detectable limits for these cultivars in response to the short perturbation in the available light and that sweetpotatoes would be hardy under short-term failure situations.

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Potassium Fertilization Stimulates Sucrose-to-Starch Conversion and Root Formation in Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.)

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22094826 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (9) ◽

pp. 4826

Author(s):

Yang Gao ◽

Zhonghou Tang ◽

Houqiang Xia ◽

Minfei Sheng ◽

Ming Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sweet Potato ◽

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽

Biomass Accumulation ◽

Starch Accumulation ◽

Storage Root ◽

Root Yield ◽

Starch Conversion ◽

And Storage ◽

Low K

A field experiment was established to study sweet potato growth, starch dynamic accumulation, key enzymes and gene transcription in the sucrose-to-starch conversion and their relationships under six K2O rates using Ningzishu 1 (sensitive to low-K) and Xushu 32 (tolerant to low-K). The results indicated that K application significantly improved the biomass accumulation of plant and storage root, although treatments at high levels of K, i.e., 300–375 kg K2O ha−1, significantly decreased plant biomass and storage root yield. Compared with the no-K treatment, K application enhanced the biomass accumulation of plant and storage root by 3–47% and 13–45%, respectively, through promoting the biomass accumulation rate. Additionally, K application also enhanced the photosynthetic capacity of sweet potato. In this study, low stomatal conductance and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) accompanied with decreased intercellular CO2 concentration were observed in the no-K treatment at 35 DAT, indicating that Pn was reduced mainly due to stomatal limitation; at 55 DAT, reduced Pn in the no-K treatment was caused by non-stomatal factors. Compared with the no-K treatment, the content of sucrose, amylose and amylopectin decreased by 9–34%, 9–23% and 6–19%, respectively, but starch accumulation increased by 11–21% under K supply. The activities of sucrose synthetase (SuSy), adenosine-diphosphate-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase), starch synthase (SSS) and the transcription of Susy, AGP, SSS34 and SSS67 were enhanced by K application and had positive relationships with starch accumulation. Therefore, K application promoted starch accumulation and storage root yield through regulating the activities and genes transcription of SuSy, AGPase and SSS in the sucrose-to-starch conversion.

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Modeling the impact of sweetpotato weevils on storage root yield

Open Agriculture ◽

10.1515/opag-2018-0035 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 319-325

Author(s):

Daniel A. Akansake ◽

Putri E. Abidin ◽

E. E. Carey

Keyword(s):

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Soft Rot ◽

Northern Ghana ◽

Root Yield ◽

Storage Roots ◽

Yield Data ◽

Level Of Significance ◽

Attainable Yield ◽

The Impact ◽

Model Approach

Abstract This study estimated the amount of loss in storage roots caused by various levels of damage caused by sweetpotato weevils (Cylas spp). Seven varieties of sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L. (Lam)) were evaluated in three production sites in northern Ghana for two years (2014 and 2015). Yield data for each experimental plot were collected. A regression analysis was carried out using the generalized linear model approach. In the study, nonmarketable roots were classified as all undersized roots (<100g) and spoilt roots due to weevil, millipede, and soft rot. The results indicated weevil damage as the only significant predictor of nonmarketable yield at 5% level of significance. From the study, the average values for total root yield, marketable root yield, and nonmarketable root yield were 9.39, 6.71, and 2.67 ton/ha respectively. The minimum weevil damage (score 2) resulted in a yield loss of 2 ton/ha which represents 8.3% while severe damage at score 9 could cause a loss of 7.43 ton/ha of storage roots representing 31% of the attainable yield of sweetpotato. Weevil susceptibility needs to be treated as a serious trait when evaluating sweetpotato genotypes to be released as varieties.

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Physiological and Anatomical Characterization of a Late-storage Root-forming Mutant of Sweetpotato

Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science ◽

10.21273/jashs.127.2.178 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 127 (2) ◽

pp. 178-183 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Makoto Nakatani ◽

Masaru Tanaka ◽

Masaru Yoshinaga

Keyword(s):

Cross Sections ◽

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Root Formation ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Zeatin Riboside ◽

Storage Root ◽

Storage Roots ◽

Physiological Mechanisms ◽

Maximum Root

A late-storage root-forming mutant (`KM95-A68') of sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Poir.] was characterized to clarify the genetic and physiological mechanisms of storage root formation. This mutant originated from a somaclonal mutation of `Kokei No. 14'. Storage roots of `KM95-A68' are rare and, when formed, develop 2 or 3 weeks later than those of `Kokei No. 14' from which it originated. Morphological characteristics of the canopy and leaf photosynthetic rates of `KM95-A68' were similar to those of `Kokei No. 14'. No apparent differences were observed in the anatomy of root cross sections of `KM95-A68' and `Kokei No. 14'. An apparent increase in the root zeatin riboside (ZR) levels were observed in `Kokei No. 14' at storage root formation. Root ZR levels differed between `Kokei No. 14' and `KM95-A68'. The onset of increase in root ZR levels was delayed by 2 or 3 weeks in `KM95-A68' in comparison to `Kokei No. 14'. Maximum root ZR levels in `Kokei No. 14' were 2.2 times higher in comparison to `KM95-A68'. This appeared to be a factor in delayed storage root formation of `KM95-A68'. Results of reciprocal grafts of `KM95-A68' and `Kokei No. 14' indicated that the late storage root-forming characteristic of `KM95-A68' is a characteristic that arises from the root itself.

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Sweetpotato Transplant Holding Duration Effects on Plant Survival and Yield

HortTechnology ◽

10.21273/horttech03808-17 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 818-823 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

William B. Thompson ◽

Jonathan R. Schultheis ◽

Sushila Chaudhari ◽

David W. Monks ◽

Katherine M. Jennings ◽

...

Keyword(s):

North Carolina ◽

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Storage Root ◽

Storage Roots ◽

Higher Plant ◽

Root Numbers ◽

Dry Conditions ◽

Plant Stand ◽

And Storage ◽

Lower Plant

Studies were conducted in North Carolina to determine the effect of holding durations (HDs) [0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 days before planting (DBP)] of ‘Covington’ sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) transplants on plant stand and storage root numbers and yield in production fields. In a second field study, the effect of preplant irrigation (PI) treatments (PI and nonirrigation) were evaluated along with the transplant HD on plant stand, storage root numbers, and yield. Transplants held for 7 DBP did not survive as well as the other treatments (lower plant stands) and had lower no. 1, marketable, and total storage root numbers and yields than other holding treatments. HD of 1 or 3 DBP resulted in higher plant stands, and no. 1, marketable, and total numbers of storage roots and yields than holding for 0, 5, or 7 DBP. This study affirms the importance of soil moisture at and shortly after planting for transplant survival and yield. Holding transplants for 1–3 DBP can improve stand establishment and yields when dry conditions occur either before or soon after planting. However, holding transplants for 7 DBP can result in reduced plant stands and yields when stress/dry conditions occur soon after planting.

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Sweetpotato Tip Rot Incidence Is Increased by Preharvest Applications of Ethephon and Reduced by Curing

HortTechnology ◽

10.21273/horttech.23.3.288 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 288-293 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ramón A. Arancibia ◽

Jeffrey L. Main ◽

Christopher A. Clark

Keyword(s):

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Unknown Etiology ◽

Research Station ◽

Storage Root ◽

Storage Roots ◽

Induced Stress ◽

Potential Association ◽

Relationship Of ◽

On Farm

Tip rot, or restricted end rot, is a new sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) disease/disorder in Mississippi with unknown etiology. Since pathogen isolations have been inconsistent, a relationship of this disorder with stress is proposed. This disease/disorder is manifested as a restricted lesion at or close to the proximal end of the storage root and appears after 2 to 4 weeks in storage. In many cases, the lesion necrosis expands internally. On-farm and research station studies with preharvest foliar applications of ethephon were conducted in Mississippi to determine the potential association of tip rot with ethephon-induced stress. In addition, the effects of ethephon rate and interval between application and harvest on tip rot were investigated. After 1 to 2 months in storage, tip rot incidence was observed mostly in storage roots from ethephon-treated plants. The increase in tip rot incidence was well correlated with ethephon rate. These results suggest that preharvest applications of ethephon trigger a response that results in the tip rot disorder.

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Occurrence, Severity and Initiation of Internal Necrosis in ‘Covington’ Sweetpotato

HortTechnology ◽

10.21273/horttech.25.3.340 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 340-348 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chen Jiang ◽

Penelope Perkins-Veazie ◽

Sylvia M. Blankenship ◽

Michael D. Boyette ◽

Zvezdana Pesic-VanEsbroeck ◽

...

Keyword(s):

North Carolina ◽

Relative Humidity ◽

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Storage Temperature ◽

The State ◽

Storage Root ◽

Storage Roots ◽

Harvest Aid ◽

Internal Necrosis ◽

Storage Facilities

A series of studies were conducted to better understand the occurrence and causes of internal necrosis (IN) in ‘Covington’ sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas). Assessment of the problem among the industry was done for 2 years and revealed that IN was widespread in commercial storage facilities throughout the state of North Carolina; both incidence and severity were generally low (<10% incidence with minimal severity of symptoms). A few storage rooms had a high percentage of IN with severe storage root symptoms but results were inconsistent across years and among rooms. Preharvest studies with commercially used insecticides did not induce IN, but the harvest aid ethephon consistently induced IN with an incidence higher than 50%. Internal necrosis symptoms were not detectable at harvest, and earliest consistent incidence was observed 6 days after harvest (DAH) during the curing phase. Symptoms became more prevalent and severe at 30 DAH. However, in commercial storage rooms, no relationship was found between IN incidence and postcuring storage temperature or relative humidity (RH) conditions. Sweetpotato storage roots stored in air-tight barrels and exposed to 100 ppm ethylene after curing showed no relationship between the presence of ethylene gas in storage and incidence of IN. Our results indicate that IN incidence of ‘Covington’ is erratic with no obvious cause among storage rooms and that initiation of IN may occur most frequently during the first week following harvest.

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Studi Variasi Ubi Jalar (Ipomoea Batatas L) Berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi di Kabupaten Ngawi

Florea Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya ◽

10.25273/florea.v5i2.3359 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 78 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Karlina Purbasari ◽

Angga Rahabistara Sumadji

Keyword(s):

Statistical Analysis ◽

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Significant Degree ◽

Skin Colour ◽

Storage Root ◽

Storage Roots ◽

Sweet Potatoes ◽

Flesh Colour ◽

Environment Factors ◽

Morphological Distinction

Sweet potatoes were potential plants in food diversification for rice substitution. The plants could be found in some areas in Indonesia, such as in Ngawi Regency. The research aimed to find out the variation and morphological distinction in sweet potatoes in Ngawi Regency. The samples were taken randomly in Kedunggalar, Jogorogo, and Bringin Subdistrict. The sweet potatoes were tested with ANAVA and DMRT, Kruskal-Wallis and U-Mann Whitney with significant degree was 5%. There were variation in morphological leaves, storage root, and stems from the eight samples taken. Statistical analysis showed there were vivid distinction in the shape of the leaves, the lobes type, the central lobes, the petiole pigmentation, the colour of stems, the immature leaves colour, the storage roots shape, the dominant skin colour, the dominant flesh colour, and distribution of secondary flesh colour of anthosianine pigment. The variation among sweet potatoes were affected by genetic/ variety distinction and environment factors.

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