scholarly journals Co-treatment of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum var R405 2000) with methyl jasmonate and ethephon: Impact on the production of phenolic compounds

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 234-241
Author(s):  
Yao Kouakou François KONAN ◽  
Manéhonon Martine BEUGRÉ ◽  
Sopie Edwige Salomé YAPO ◽  
Hilaire Tanoh KOUAKOU

The objective of this study is to show the real impact of methyl jasmonate and ethephon in combination on the production of phenolic compounds in cultivar R405-2000 of the cotton plant Gossypium hirsutum. As well, cotton plants were treated in the field by methyl jasmonate (MeJA), ethephon (ETH) and the association of methyl jasmonate and ethephon (MeJA + ETH). The effect of these treatments was appreciated thanks to a qualitative analysis of total phenols by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. The results showed that ethephon, the metabolic precursor of ethylene, has properties identical to those of MeJA. However, the treatment of cotton leaves with ethephon induces less phenolic compounds than MeJA. On the other hand, the co-treatment of the leaves with MeJA and ethephon leads to an induction of phenolic compounds, which accumulate in greater quantities in the plant the phenols synthesized are more important with an activation of the biosynthetic pathway of stilbenoids because trans-resveratrol and transpiceide, two compounds belonging to the group of stilbenoids were synthesized de novo by the joint application of MeJA and ethephon on cotton leaves when they could not be synthesized when these two elicitors are applied alone.

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanesa Nuñez-Gómez ◽  
Nieves Baenas ◽  
Inma Navarro-González ◽  
Javier García-Alonso ◽  
Diego A. Moreno ◽  
...  

Broccoli is a source of bioactive compounds that provide an important nutritional value. The content of these compounds can vary depending on agronomic and environmental conditions, as well as on elicitation. In this study, three crop trials were carried out to evaluate the effects of the cultivation season, the application of different dosages of methyl-jasmonate (MeJA) on the overall quality and on the total content of bioactive compounds of ‘Parthenon’ broccoli cultivated under the field conditions of southeastern Spain. Color parameters, chlorophyll content, total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids and antioxidant activity were measured to evaluate the overall quality. Moreover, individual carotenoids, phenolic compounds and glucosinolates were evaluated by high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) and high performance liquid chromatography equipped with diode array detector coupled to mass spectrometer using electro spray ionization (HPLC-DAD-ESI/MSn). The content of total carotenoids, phenolic compounds and glucosinolates were higher in autumn compared with spring, showing increases of 2.8-fold, 2-fold and 1.2-fold, respectively. Moreover, a double application of MeJA increased the contents of total carotenoids, phenolic compounds and glucosinolates by 22%, 32% and 39%, respectively, relative to the untreated samples. Considering our results, the controlled and timely application of 250 µM MeJA to the aerial parts of the plants four days before harvest, on two consecutive days, seems to be a valid agronomic strategy to improve the health-promoting capacity of Parthenon broccoli, without compromising its overall quality.


2009 ◽  
Vol 191 (12) ◽  
pp. 3842-3851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Gray ◽  
Jorge C. Escalante-Semerena

ABSTRACT The genome of Rhodobacter sphaeroides encodes the components of two distinct pathways for salvaging cobinamide (Cbi), a precursor of adenosylcobalamin (AdoCbl, coenzyme B12). One pathway, conserved among bacteria, depends on a bifunctional kinase/guanylyltransferase (CobP) enzyme to convert adenosylcobinamide (AdoCbi) to AdoCbi-phosphate (AdoCbi-P), an intermediate in de novo AdoCbl biosynthesis. The other pathway, of archaeal origin, depends on an AdoCbi amidohydrolase (CbiZ) enzyme to generate adenosylcobyric acid (AdoCby), which is converted to AdoCbi-P by the AdoCbi-P synthetase (CobD) enzyme. Here we report that R. sphaeroides strain 2.4.1 synthesizes AdoCbl de novo and that it salvages Cbi using both of the predicted Cbi salvaging pathways. AdoCbl produced by R. sphaeroides was identified and quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography and bioassay. The deletion of cobB (encoding an essential enzyme of the de novo corrin ring biosynthetic pathway) resulted in a strain of R. sphaeroides that would not grow on acetate in the absence of exogenous corrinoids. The results from a nutritional analysis showed that the presence of either CbiZ or CobP was necessary and sufficient for Cbi salvaging, that CbiZ-dependent Cbi salvaging depended on the presence of CobD, and that CobP-dependent Cbi salvaging occurred in a cbiZ + strain. Possible reasons why R. sphaeroides maintains two distinct pathways for Cbi salvaging are discussed.


Biologia ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimír Repka ◽  
Mária Čarná ◽  
Ján Pavlovkin

AbstractGrapevine (Vitis vinifera L., cv. Limberger) leaf tissues and suspension-cultured cells were induced to undergo programmed cell death (PCD) by exogenously added methyl jasmonate (MeJA). The elicitor signaling pathway involved in MeJA-induced PCD was further investigated using pharmacological, biochemical and histological approaches. Pharmacological dissection of the early events preceding the execution of MeJA-triggered PCD indicated that this process strongly depends on both, de novo protein and mRNA synthesis. Treatment of leaf discs and cell suspensions with lipase inhibitor Ebelactone B and specific lipoxygenase inhibitor Phenidone blocked MeJA-induced PCD. These results suggest that some chloroplast membrane-derived compound(s) is required for MeJA-induced PCD in grapevine. The progression of MeJAtriggered PCD may be further inhibited by the use of metabolic inhibitors of key enzymes of octadecanoid biosynthesis including AOS, AOC, and OPR indicating that the functional jasmonate biosynthetic pathway is an integral part of the MeJA-induced signal transduction cascade that results in the coordinate expression of events leading to PCD. Finally, the activation of the octadecanoid pathway, as a critical point in MeJA-induced PCD, was independently demonstrated with cellulysin, a macromolecular elicitor acting via octadecanoid signaling. The cellulysin was shown to be a very potent enhancer of MeJA-triggered PCD in grapevine cells.


2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-281
Author(s):  
Dulce María Soria-Lara ◽  
Sandra Neli Jiménez-García ◽  
José Enrique Botello-Álvarez ◽  
Rita Miranda-López

Mango is the second most commercialized tropical fruit in the world, and Mexico is the major exporter. In terms of mango production, Manila´s variety represents a quarter of the total mangoes production in Mexico. However, the changes that occur on the phenolic compounds during the Manila mango ripening process are unknown. Quantitative analysis of the major phenolic compounds was conducted at different maturity stages, using several spectrophotometric measurements and by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). At the late ripening stage was observed the biggest content in pulp and peel of total phenols (577 and 10547 mg EAG /100 g), flavonoids (95.33 and 537 mg EQ/100 g), and antioxidant capacity by DPPH (25 and 347 mmol TE/100 g). Some bioactive compounds achieve their highest values at optimal consumption ripening. Although they diminish when the fruit reaches a senescence appearance. This is the first study to prove that mangiferin by itself shows a higher correlation in antioxidant capacity compared to other phenolic compounds in mango peel, and this suggest that phenolic compounds may have an important role in the postharvest antioxidant metabolism in Manila mango fruit. On the other hand, the results show that the peel compared to the pulp contains higher amounts of total phenols, flavonoids, gallic acid, mangiferin and antioxidant capacity, so its use as an ingredient in the preparation of functional food products is recommended. More studies are needed to go in-depth in the changes of the content of phytochemicals during the ripening process in the peel and pulp mango, which ones could be caused by the hormones responsible for ripening in the fruit, such as ethylene, and bioavailability of these compounds at different stages of maturation. El mango es la segunda fruta tropical más comercializada del mundo y México es el principal exportador. En términos de producción de mango, la variedad Manila representa una cuarta parte de la producción total de mangos en México. Sin embargo, se desconocen los cambios que ocurren en los compuestos fenólicos durante el proceso de maduración del mango Manila. El análisis cuantitativo de los principales compuestos fenólicos se realizó en diferentes etapas de madurez, utilizando varias medidas espectrofotométricas y mediante cromatografía líquida de alta resolución (HPLC). En la etapa de madurez tardía se observó el mayor contenido en pulpa y cáscara de fenoles totales (577 y 10547 mg EAG / 100 g), flavonoides (95.33 y 537 mg EQ / 100 g) y capacidad antioxidante por DPPH (25 y 347 mmol TE / 100 g). Algunos compuestos bioactivos alcanzan sus valores más altos en el punto de madurez óptima. Aunque disminuyen cuando el fruto adquiere una apariencia de senescencia. Este es el primer estudio que demuestra que la mangiferina por sí misma presenta una alta correlación con la capacidad antioxidante en comparación con otros compuestos fenólicos de la cáscara de mango, y esto sugiere que los compuestos fenólicos pueden tener un papel importante en el metabolismo antioxidante postcosecha en el mango Manila. Por otro lado, los resultados muestran que la cáscara comparada con la pulpa contiene mayores cantidades de fenoles totales, flavonoides, ácido gálico, mangiferin y capacidad antioxidante por DPPH, por lo que se recomienda su uso como ingrediente en la elaboración de productos alimenticios fucionales. Se necesitan más estudios para profundizar en los cambios del contenido de fitoquímicos durante el proceso de maduración en la cáscara y pulpa del mango, los cuáles podrían ser provocados por las hormonas responsables de la maduración en el fruto, como el etileno, y la biodisponibilidad de estos compuestos en diferentes etapas de maduración.


Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Gastón Gutiérrez-Gamboa ◽  
Roberto Mateluna-Cuadra ◽  
Irina Díaz-Gálvez ◽  
Nilo Mejía ◽  
Nicolás Verdugo-Vásquez

Recently, the interest in methyl jasmonate (MeJ) has increased in viticulture due to its effects on the synthesis of phenolic secondary metabolites in grapes, especially of anthocyanins, flavonols, and stilbenes derivatives, naturally occurring or synthesized, in berries in response to MeJ application to grapevines. These metabolites help to define sensory characteristics of wines by contributing to their color, flavor and mouthfeel properties, and to derive potential beneficial health effects due to their consumption. This review offers an overview of the importance of these phenolic compounds in grape and wine quality, in association with the MeJ supplementation to grapevines, and also considers their natural biosynthesis in grapes. On the other hand, this review describes the adaptation mechanisms induced after the grapevine elicitation. In addition, this report addresses the effects of MeJ over other aspects of Vitis immunity and its association with phenolic compounds and summarizes the recently published reports about the effects of exogenous MeJ applications to grapevines on grape and wine quality.


2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 745-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Mikulic Petkovsek ◽  
F Stampar ◽  
R Veberic

Leaf samples were collected from apple varieties susceptible and resistant to apple scab [Venturia inaequalis (Cke.) Wint.] from June to September for 2 yr between 2005 and 2006. These were analyzed for phenolic compounds, using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In the apple leaves, the following hydroxycinnamic acids were detected: chlorogenic, caffeic and p-coumaric acids; the following dihydrochalcone: phloridzin, and the following flavonoids: epicatechin, catechin, rutin and quercitrin. The total of phenolic compounds in apple leaves was determined spectrophotometrically, using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. During the growing season, the content of phenolic compounds changed and was related to the physiological stage of the tissue and cultivar used. Each phenolic compound had its own curve of seasonal changes in concentration. In 2005 there was no significant change in total phenols during the growing season. In 2006, their content changed significantly during the growing season; statistically the highest content of total phenols was found in the leaves in August. Total phenols as well as single phenolics were statistically higher in resistant than in susceptible apple varieties for both years.Key words: Malus × domestica Borkh., leaves, phenolic compounds, seasonal changes, Venturia inaequalis (Cke.) Wint., resistance


Weed Science ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Davis ◽  
K. E. Dusbabek

A study was made on the absorption and translocation and of the effects of perfluidone [1,1,1-trifluoro-N-[2-methyl-4-(phenylsulfonyl) phenyl] methanesulfonamide] on the morphology and anatomy of cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.) and yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentusL.). Concentrations of 1μM to 10μM perfluidone added to the nutrient solutions retarded growth of both species. Necrotic spots appeared on the lamina of cotton leaves which were expanded previous to the treatment. Cotton plants resumed normal growth within 11 days after removal of the herbicide. Yellow nutsedge plants remained stunted 18 days after removal of the herbicide. After 6 days, cotton and yellow nutsedge had absorbed 5.4% and 1.7%, respectively, of the14C-perfluidone (uniformly labeled in the toluidine ring) added to the nutrient solution. Of the14C absorbed by the plant, cotton and nutsedge translocated 20% and 30%, respectively, to the shoots. A 10-fold higher concentration of14C was found at the leaf tips of nutsedge than in the other shoot tissues. In cotton shoots the14C was distributed evenly. Perfluidone inhibited the mitotic indexes of cotton and nutsedge roots 78% and 100%, respectively, in 5 days.


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