scholarly journals Uji Efektivitas Repellent Sediaan Lotion Kombinasi Minyak Atsiri Daun Zodia (Evodia suaveolens Scheff) dan Minyak Atsiri Batang Serai (Cymbopogon citratus) Terhadap Nyamuk Aedes aegypti L.

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Puput Mirawati ◽  
Eva Susanty Simaremare ◽  
Rani Dewi Pratiwi
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Acidic Ph ◽  
Stability Evaluation ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus

Zodia (Evodia suaveolens Scheff) and lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) are native Indonesian plants with repellant activity against mosquitoes and insects. The purpose of this research were to formulate and evaluate the repellant activity of zodia-serai lotion against Aedes aegypti and determine the protection power of three formulas of lotion. The method used in this research including steam distillation of essential oil from zodia leaves and lemongrass, formulation and evaluation of lotions, power protection test, and data analysis. The result of this research showed that lotion had acidic pH of 5, and they were stable without separation after stability evaluation with centrifugation. The most effective repellant activity of the lotion was exhibited at 0 hours with 100% of repellency. The best combination of essential oils of zodia (Evodia suaveolens Scheff) and lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) as Aedes aegypti repellent was at ratio of 7:3.

scholarly journals Kinetic Studies on Extraction of Essential Oil from Lemongrass Leaves (Cymbopogon citratus) by Steam Distillation Industrial Scale

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1399-1403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tan Phat Dao ◽  
Hoang Thang Do ◽  
Quang Khoi Le ◽  
Nguyen Van Gia Phap ◽  
Long Giang Bach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Industrial Scale ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Order Kinetic Model

Study on kinetics and modeling of the essential oil steam distillation are required for the optimization of the energy requirement, parameters and the process scale-up. In this study, hydrodistillation for extraction of essential oils from lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) steam distillation was investigated. The recovery of essential oils was carried out on an industrial scale instrument and with with different material quantities. The experimental results are determined by the integral method of analysis. The kinetic parameters were evaluated from experimental data, which were generated at the different weights of the lemongrass. The extraction rate constant explaining the extraction efficiency achieved from this study is found to be k2 of 0.0661 min-1 in 710 kg using a second-order kinetic model. The GC/MS results revealed that 14 components were identified in Cymbopogon citratusoils. The oil is extremely rich in citral (69.775%), which obtained in 180 min.

Enzyme‐assisted extraction of essential oils from Syzygium aromaticum

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 248-254
Author(s):  
R. Amudan ◽  
D. V. Kamat ◽  
S. D. Kamat
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Chemical Extraction ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Clove Oil ◽  
Zone Size ◽  
Structure Quality ◽  
Assisted Extraction

The essential oil of clove ( Syzygium aromaticum) holds an important positionamongst widely used essential oils. A typical steam distillation processfor the extraction of clove oil provides a 10.1% yield. Recent studies involvedthe use of enzymes such as pectinase, amylase, lignocellulase, and cellulaseon the powder of clove buds, prior to extraction. The traditional methods ofphysical and chemical extraction are effective but may affect the structure,quality and yield of the phytochemicals extracted. In the current study,hence, enzymes specific for action on the cell wall have been used in the pretreatment prior to extraction, to enhance the quality and yield of the phytochemicalsextracted. The results indicated that all the enzymes, gave morethan 50% higher yield than control in terms of weight of extracted essentialoil. A mixture of the enzymes gave the highest yield of 17.82%. Gas chromatographyresults indicated that the essential oil extracted using amylase hada maximum eugenol content of 70%, in comparison with the eugenol content(62–68%) in the essential oils extracted using the rest of the enzymes.Antibacterial activity of all the extracts was studied on methicillin â€resistantStaphylococcus aureus  (MRSA). The essential oil extracted by using amylaseinhibitedMRSA, showed a zone size of 40 mm, whereas the essential oil extractedby using lignocellulase showed a zone size of 45 mm. The gas chromatogramindicated the maximum number of peaks in this extract, whichcould be producing a combined antibacterial effect on the organism. Thespecific gravity values of the essential oil extracted using lignocellulase andamylase was 1.051 and 1.062, respectively, whereas the control had a specificgravity of 1.015.

scholarly journals Chemical composition and content of essential oil from the bud of cultivated Turkish clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.)

BioResources ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hakki Alma ◽  
Murat Ertaş ◽  
Siegfrie Nitz ◽  
Hubert Kollmannsberger
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Distillation Method ◽  
Eugenyl Acetate ◽  
Clove Bud Oil ◽  
Oil Company

In this study, clove bud oil, which was cultivated in the Mediterranean region of Turkey, was provided from a private essential oil company in Turkey. Essential oil from clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.) was obtained from steam-distillation method, and its chemical composition was analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The results showed that the essential oils mainly contained about 87.00% eugenol, 8.01% eugenyl acetate and 3.56% β-Caryophyllene. The chemical composition of the Turkish clove bud oil was comparable to those of trees naturally grown in their native regions.

scholarly journals Extraction and Formulation of Perfume from Cymbopogon citratus (Lemongrass)

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1461-1463
Author(s):  
O.E. Ameh ◽  
J.I. Achika ◽  
N.M. Bello ◽  
A.J. Owolaja
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Boiling Point ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Suitable Method ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Solvent Extraction Method

This work aimed to extract perfume from the leaves of Cymbopogon citratus using three extraction methods viz: distillation, solvent extraction and expression or effleurage. About 150 g of dried lemons grass were extracted using ethanol as the solvent to obtain essential oils required for the formulation of perfumes. The result of the hydrodistillation process showed that 1.23 g of essential oil per 130g of dry lemongrass produce 0.95% oil at 78 °C, while the effleurage method was 2.55 g of essential oil per 130 g of dry lemongrass sample thereby producing 1.96% oil yield. The solvent extraction method gave 2.7 g of essential oil per 130 g of dry lemongrass sample. This gives about 2.08 % yield of essential oil at a temperature of 78°C i.e. the boiling point of ethanol. The solvent extraction method yielded 2.08%, the effleuragemethod yielded 1.96% and the hydrodistillation method yielded 0.95% essential oil respectively. In conclusion, solvent extraction gave the highest yield because of less exposure to air and heat, which is highly recommended as the most suitable method for the extraction of essential oil.

scholarly journals Insecticidal and Biting Deterrent Activities of Magnolia grandiflora Essential Oils and Selected Pure Compounds against Aedes aegypti

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1359
Author(s):  
Abbas Ali ◽  
Nurhayat Tabanca ◽  
Betul Demirci ◽  
Vijayasankar Raman ◽  
Jane M. Budel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Magnolia Grandiflora ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Pure Compounds ◽  
Index Value

In our natural products screening program for mosquitoes, we tested essential oils extracted from different plant parts of Magnolia grandiflora L. for their insecticidal and biting deterrent activities against Aedes aegypti. Biting deterrence of seeds essential oil with biting deterrence index value of 0.89 was similar to N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET). All the other oils were active above the solvent control but the activity was significantly lower than DEET. Based on GC-MS analysis, three pure compounds that were only present in the essential oil of seed were further investigated to identify the compounds responsible for biting deterrent activity. 1-Decanol with PNB value of 0.8 was similar to DEET (PNB = 0.8), whereas 1-octanol with PNB value of 0.64 showed biting deterrence lower than 1-decanol and DEET. The activity of 1-heptanol with PNB value of 0.36 was similar to the negative control. Since 1-decanol, which was 3.3% of the seed essential oil, showed biting deterrence similar to DEET as a pure compound, this compound might be responsible for the activity of this oil. In in vitro A & K bioassay, 1-decanol with MED value of 6.25 showed higher repellency than DEET (MED = 12.5). Essential oils of immature and mature fruit showed high toxicity whereas leaf, flower, and seeds essential oils gave only 20%, 0%, and 50% mortality, respectively, at the highest dose of 125 ppm. 1-Decanol with LC50 of 4.8 ppm was the most toxic compound.

scholarly journals Microencapsulation of Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) Essential Oil Via Spray Drying: Effects of Feed Emulsion Parameters

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Phu Thuong Nhan ◽  
Vo Tan Thanh ◽  
Mai Huynh Cang ◽  
Tri Duc Lam ◽  
Nguyen Cam Huong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Core Material ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Encapsulation Process ◽  
Wall Materials ◽  
Lemongrass Essential Oil

The purpose of this study was to attempt the encapsulation of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) essential oil utilizing spray drying technique. An array of process parameters including concentration of wall (15–30%), type of wall materials (maltodextrin, maltodextrin and gum Arabic mixture), and concentration of essential oil (0.5–2.0%) were thoroughly investigated. The results show that the use of sole maltodextrin as encapsulant gave microcapsules characteristics comparable to that of powder produced using maltodextrin and gum Arabic mixture. The encapsulation process that was performed with maltodextrin at the concentration of 30% as wall material and lemongrass essential oil at the concentration of 1.5% as core material showed highest drying yield (84.49%), microencapsulation yield (89.31%) and microencapsulation efficiency (84.75%). Encapsulated essential oils retained most of their major constituents in comparison with the bare essential oils without any significant compromise in product quality.

scholarly journals Mycotoxins Content of Smoked Fishes Sampled on Market Stalls of Ngaoundere and Antifungal Activity of Essential Oils of Cymbopogon citratus and Ocimum basilicum against Mycotoxin Producing Strains

2020 ◽  
pp. 36-47
Author(s):  
Nadege D. Nganou ◽  
Eliane S. Tchinda ◽  
Alphonse T. Sokamte ◽  
Franklin K. Ngoualem ◽  
Steve F. Nodem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Penicillium Citrinum ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Smoked Fish ◽  
Study Laboratory

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the sanitary quality of smoked fish by determining their mycotoxin content, and also the chemical composition, antifungal activity of Cymbopogon citratus and Ocimum basilicum essential oils from Cameroon against some mycotoxigenic fungal strains responsible of the smoked fish biodegradation. Place and Duration of Study: Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Biotechnology, National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences, University of Ngaoundere, Cameroon, from August 2019 to April 2020. Methodology: Fifteen samples of smoked fishes have been collected in August 2019 from “petit marché” market (Ngaoundere, Cameroon). Physico-chemical parameters of smoked fishes were evaluated. Mycotoxin (AFB1, CIT, and OTA) contents have been determined with HPLC. Isolation and identification of molds were done using their macroscopic and microscopic characteristics, and the identity of the strains was done by PCR sequencing methods. For plants, 15 kg of Cymbopogon citratus leaves and 5 kg of Ocimum basilicum leaves have been harvested on 10 September 2019 in Ngaoundere and used for the essential oil’s extraction. Essential oil extraction has been done through hydrodistillation and the determination of its chemical composition done with GC/MS. Results: Major part of samples contains at least one mycotoxin, in quantities which are beyond the safe dose. Eleven species of molds have been identified: Aspergillus spp., Penicillium citrinum, and Mucor hiemalis. Amongst the isolated species, those which can produce mycotoxins are: Penicillium citrinum, Aspergillus versicolor, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus carbonarius, Aspergillus niger, and Fusarium moniliforme. Geranial (42.4%), Neral (33.5%) and Myrcene (10.8%) are major compounds found in the essential oil of C. citratus while monoterpens (60.8%), Eugenol (30.7%), Linalol (29.4%) and 1,8-Cineol (14.3%) are the major compounds found in the essential oil of O. basilicum.  Conclusion: Essential oils of C. citratus and O. basilicum are efficient against isolated toxigenic species. C. citratus being more efficient than O. basilicum.

scholarly journals Essential oils from Vitex trifolia as an effective repellent for Aedes aegypti

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Arpiwi ◽  
I Ketut Muksin ◽  
Eniek Kriswiyanti
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Glandular Trichome ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Small Tree ◽  
Secretory Structures ◽  
Essential Oil Yield

Abstract. Arpiwi NL, Muksin IK, Kriswiyanti E. 2020. Essential oils from Vitex trifolia as an effective repellent for Aedes aegypti. Biodiversitas 21: 4536-4544. Vitex trifolia is a shrub or small tree grown wild from family Verbenaceae commonly found in the sandy shore habitat of the tropicals and sub-tropical countries. This research aims to measure the essential oils yield of V. trifolia leaves, to investigate the secretory cells of the leaf, and to measure repellent activity of the essential oils against Aedes aegypti. Leaves and soil samples were taken from Panjer, Sanur, and Sidakarya Villages of Denpasar, Bali Indonesia. Oil was extracted from fresh leaf samples using steam distillation. The essential oils were analyzed for its constituents using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. The leaf cross-sections were prepared using paraffin embedding method and stained with safranin. The essential oils of V. trifolia at different concentrations (0, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6% w/w) were formulated into lotions. The yield of essential oils was significantly different from the three locations. The main constituent of the oil was cis-ocimene. The essential oil yield was positively correlated with the sand content. The secretory structures of the leaf were idioblast and glandular trichome. Lotions formulated with the essential oils were soft, not greasy, and not sticky upon application to the skin and non-irritant. Lotions with 5 and 6% essential oils gave 100% protection for 3 hours from Ae. aegypti.

scholarly journals Essential Oils Applied in Food: A Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonia Elaine Frutuoso ◽  
Nágila Teotonio do Nascimento ◽  
Telma Leda Gomes de Lemos ◽  
Evando Luis Coelho ◽  
Daniele Maria Alves Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Food Preservation ◽  
Consumer Health ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Cinnamomum Zeylanicum ◽  
Bioactive Properties ◽  
Useful Life ◽  
Plant Sources

<p>Foods present an excellent intrinsic composition to the development of microorganisms with broad range of pathogenic species, undesirable for consumer health. Given this reality and seeking new natural techniques for food preservation, the addition of essential oils becomes a potential bio conservation system, capable to extend food shelf life. This paper aims to report what has been researched using essential oils of vegetable origin, their properties and their incorporation as antimicrobial components in food. Essential oils have different bioactive properties such as antioxidant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and fungicide, being from different plant sources, such as <em>Cymbopogon citratus</em> (DC) Stapf (Cy), <em>Rosmarinus officinalis</em> L, <em>Ocimum gratissimum</em> L, <em>Eugenia caryophyllata</em> thumb, <em>Cinnamomum zeylanicum</em> Ness. The essential oils can be obtained by different techniques, being the most used the steam distillation, cold pressing, extraction by organic solvents, high pressure or supercritical CO<sub>2</sub>. The action mechanism by which the majority of essential oils exerts its antibacterial effect involves the cell wall. Studies increasingly accurate reflect their fundamental importance for the food industry, since there are countless possibilities for integration of these constituents in food products aiming to increase their useful life as well as help to further the ways to establish food safety.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14685/rebrapa.v4i2.134</p>

scholarly journals Repellent activity of essential oils isolated from the leaves of Eupatorium odoratum against malaria, filaria and dengue vectors

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1&2) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
M. F. Alam
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Anopheles Stephensi ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Repellent Activity ◽  
Complete Protection ◽  
Protection Measure ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Dengue Vectors

Light green essential oils extracted from the leaves of Eupatorium odoratum (Asterace) from Himalaya region (India) were screened for repellent activity against Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquifaciatus mosquitoes. The repellent activity was evaluated in door condition. Four concentrations 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10% (v/v) in ethanol were considered in this study. When the test oil was applied at 10% concentration were found most effective and provided more than 2hr of complete protection against all three mosquito species. The complete protection time (Mean ± S.D) were recorded as 160.2 ± 2.77min, 139.4 ± 1.14min and 125.6 ± 3.13min against Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquifaciatus respectively. There was no bite within 125min and 160min confirm due to action of essential oil and thus 100% protection from the bite of mosquitoes achieved. No adverse effects of the human volunteers were observed during the exposure and through three months after the application.Therefore, the essential oil of Eupatorium odoratum (Asterace) may prove useful in the development of mosquito natural repellents as an effective personal protection measure against mosquito bites.

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