scholarly journals Análise das superfícies de saída e de folga de ferramentas de corte empregadas no torneamento de ferro fundido cinzento perlítico com diferentes adições de nióbio

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
pp. 26-38
Author(s):  
Bárbara Cristina Mendanha Reis ◽  
Anderson Júnior Dos Santos ◽  
Natália Fernanda Santos Pereira ◽  
Denílson José do Carmo ◽  
Marcelo Araújo Câmara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Gray Cast Iron ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Iron Alloy ◽  
Composition Material ◽  
Metallic Material ◽  
Chip Breaker ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Composition Variation

Cast iron corresponds to the second most used metallic material worldwide. However, its production has shown reductions, mainly due to the development of lighter materials. In this sense, metallurgical efforts have been made to add elements to obtain different solid solutions that would lead to the improvement and guarantee of the diversity of this alloy. However, modifications of any kind to the properties of a material have an impact on its machinability. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the influence of the addition of niobium (0.21-0.24% by weight) in a pearlitic gray cast iron alloy (equivalent to the EN-GJL-250 class) on the wear of the tools of cemented carbide (class K20) during the turning. The wear on the rake and clearance surfaces was qualitatively evaluated via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray dispersive energy spectroscopy (EDS). Together, the chemical composition variation occurred with the chip breaker geometry: tools with chip breaker (GH) or without chip breaker (Flat Top). All these variations were indifferent in relation to the wear of the tools and their mechanisms. Regardless of the chemical composition, material of the machined part was found adhered to both the rake surface and the clearance of all cutting tools. In addition, grooves were found in the flank, suggesting the abrasion mechanism.

Cutting Performance of Diamond Coated Si3N4 Tool During Turning

2010 ◽  
Vol 660-661 ◽  
pp. 106-111
Author(s):  
José Vitor C. Souza ◽  
Maria do Carmo de Andrade Nono ◽  
João Paulo Barros Machado ◽  
Olivério Moreira Macedo Silva ◽  
F.C.L. Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Gray Cast Iron ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Gray Cast ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Cast Irons ◽  
Hard Materials ◽  
Tool Wear Mechanisms ◽  
Cutting Length ◽  
Machining Operations

Silicon nitride cutting tools have been used successfully for machining hard materials, like: cast irons, nickel based alloys, etc. However these cutting tools with diamond coating present little information on dry turning operations of gray cast iron. In the present work, Si3N4 square inserts was developed, characterized and subsequently coated with diamond for dry machining operations on gray cast iron. All experiments were conducted with replica. It was used a 1500, 3000, 4500 m cutting length, feed rate of 0.33 mm/rev and keeping the depth of cut constant and equal to 1 mm. The results show that wear in the tool tips of the Si3N4 inserts, in all cutting conditions, was caused by both mechanical and chemical processes. To understand the tool wear mechanisms, a morphological analysis of the inserts, after experiments, has been performed by SEM and optical microscopy. Diamond coated PVD inserts showed to be capable to reach large cutting lengths when machining gray cast iron.

Cooling System Design for 1974cc Gray Cast Iron Alloy Engine

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 331-335
Author(s):  
Su Yin Win ◽  
Thwe Thwe Htay ◽  
Maung Maung Yi
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
System Design ◽  
Gray Cast Iron ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Iron Alloy ◽  
Gray Cast

α-SiAlON: Development and Machining Test on Gray Cast Iron

2008 ◽  
Vol 591-593 ◽  
pp. 565-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivério Moreira Macedo Silva ◽  
Maria do Carmo de Andrade Nono ◽  
José Vitor C. Souza ◽  
M.V. Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Gray Cast Iron ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Grey Cast Iron ◽  
Gray Cast ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Ceramic Cutting Tool ◽  
Sialon Ceramic ◽  
Grey Cast

The α-SiAlON ceramic cutting tool insert is developed. Silicon nitride and additives powders are pressed and sintered in the form of cutting tool inserts at temperature of 1900 oC. The physics and mechanical properties of the inserts like green density, weight loss, relative density, hardness and fracture toughness are evaluated. Machining studies are conducted on grey cast iron workpiece to evaluate the performance of α-SiAlON ceramic cutting tool. In the paper the cutting tool used in higher speed showed an improvement in the tribological interaction between the cutting tools and the grey cast iron workpiece resulted in a significant reduction of flank wear and roughness, because of better accommodation and the presence of the graphite in gray cast iron. The above results are discussed in terms of their affect at machining parameters on gray cast iron.

Influence of chemical composition and microstructure of gray cast iron on wear of heavy duty diesel engines cylinder liners

Wear ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 263 (7-12) ◽  
pp. 1158-1164 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Keller ◽  
V. Fridrici ◽  
Ph. Kapsa ◽  
S. Vidaller ◽  
J.F. Huard
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Gray Cast Iron ◽  
Gray Cast ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel ◽  
Cylinder Liners

Microstructure Observations of Graphite in Gray Cast Iron Using TEM

2016 ◽  
Vol 879 ◽  
pp. 1911-1914
Author(s):  
Makoto Takezawa ◽  
Seung Won Lee ◽  
Susumu Ikeno ◽  
Kenji Matsuda
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Focused Ion Beam ◽  
Gray Cast Iron ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Iron Alloy ◽  
Ductile Cast Iron ◽  
Gray Cast ◽  
Formation Mechanisms ◽  
Flake Graphite

Cast iron is an iron alloy mainly composed of carbon and silicon, the amount of carbon is more than 2.1 mass%. Cast irons, gray cast iron and ductile cast iron, have been used as industrial parts and automobile parts widely because they have a good wear resistance and an excellent machinability. Graphite formation mechanism have been proposed, but, it is not established clearly yet. In this study, the microstructure of flake graphite was investigated to reveal the graphite formation mechanisms using FC250 alloy. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) samples were prepared using focused ion beam (FIB). In the case of a cross section of flake graphite taken perpendicular to its elongated direction using TEM, internal microstructure of flake graphite was observed layered structure. In the case of a cross section of flake graphite taken parallel to its elongated direction, clear microstructure was not observed. Selected area electron diffraction (SAED) from flake graphite showed <0001> direction of graphite are mostly parallel to their thickness.

218 Development of the nanocrystalline carbon iron alloy that has high strength based on the gray cast iron

2006 ◽  
Vol 2006.44 (0) ◽  
pp. 77-78
Author(s):  
Hisashi OGAWA ◽  
Kenji HATANAK ◽  
Nobuaki MIYAO ◽  
Harumatsu MIURA ◽  
Kazuo ODA
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Gray Cast Iron ◽  
Iron Alloy ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Gray Cast ◽  
Strength Based ◽  
Carbon Iron

The Mechanical Properties of Gray Cast Iron and Metallographic Structure Effect on the Chip Shape

2011 ◽  
Vol 339 ◽  
pp. 200-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Bin Huang ◽  
Yu Gang Ye ◽  
Xing Quan Shen ◽  
Xing Chang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Gray Cast Iron ◽  
Chip Thickness ◽  
Gray Cast ◽  
Chip Shape ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The cutting tests were carried out on HT200, HT250 and HT300 cast iron. The effects of the strength, hardness, microstructure, chemical composition of cast iron on chip shape were studied. The results show the relationship of different strength, chip thickness and chip deformation of gray cast iron, in the similar cutting conditions.

scholarly journals The Effect of Nb Supplement on Material Characteristics of Iron with Lamellar Graphite

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Oktay Devecili ◽  
Rifat Yakut
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Iron Alloy ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Abrasion Test ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Grey Cast ◽  
Lamellar Graphite ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this experiment a cast iron alloy consisting of 0.019, 0.151, 0.431, and 0.646% niobium by weight was set and the microstructure solidification of iron with lamellar graphite was provided. These alloys were subjected to an abrasion test and chemical analyses of the microstructure were done by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS). In addition to this, phase compositions were characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Tests of mechanical strength, hardness, and tension were also applied to the alloys. The results of this experiment demonstrated that the addition of niobium to iron with lamellar graphite caused an increase in the abrasion resistance by 15%. This experiment shows that adding niobium improves the mechanical properties of grey cast iron.

scholarly journals Surface Phenomena at the Interface between Silicon Carbide and Iron Alloy

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 6762
Author(s):  
Mirosław Cholewa ◽  
Tomasz Wróbel ◽  
Czesław Baron ◽  
Marcin Morys
Keyword(s):  
Gray Cast Iron ◽  
Iron Alloy ◽  
Contact Boundary ◽  
Metallographic Analysis ◽  
Surface Phenomena ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Model Studies ◽  
Eds Analysis ◽  
The Matrix

The paper discusses a potential composite produced using the casting method, where the matrix is gray cast iron with flake graphite. The reinforcement is provided by granular carborundum (β-SiC). The article presents model studies aimed at identifying the phenomena at the contact boundary resulting from the interaction of the liquid matrix with solid reinforcement particles. The scope of the research included, primarily, the metallographic analysis of the microstructure of the resulting composite, carried out by using light (LOM) and scanning electron (SEM) microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis. The occurrence of metallic phases in the boundary zone was indicated, the contents and morphology of which can be optimized in order to achieve favorable functional properties, mainly the tribological properties of the composite. In addition, the results obtained confirm the possibility of producing similar composites based on selected iron alloys.

Study of Cutting Forces on Machinability Properties of Gray Cast Iron Using New Ceramics Cutting Tools

2008 ◽  
Vol 591-593 ◽  
pp. 598-603
Author(s):  
José Vitor C. Souza ◽  
Maria do Carmo de Andrade Nono ◽  
Rodrigo de Matos Oliveira ◽  
M.V. Ribeiro ◽  
Olivério Moreira Macedo Silva
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Cutting Force ◽  
Cutting Forces ◽  
Gray Cast Iron ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Gray Cast ◽  
Dry Cutting ◽  
Excessive Heat

During gray cast iron cutting, the great rate of mechanical energy from cutting forces is converted into heat. Considerable heat is generated, principally in three areas: the shear zone, rake face and at the clearance side of the cutting edge. Excessive heat will cause undesirable high temperature in the tool which leads to softening of the tool and its accelerated wear and breakage. Nowadays the advanced ceramics are widely used in cutting tools. In this paper a composition special of Si3N4 was sintering, characterized, cut and ground to make SNGN120408 and applyed in machining gray cast iron with hardness equal 205 HB in dry cutting conditions by using digital controlled computer lathe. The tool performance was analysed in function of cutting forces, flank wear, temperature and roughness. Therefore metal removing process is carried out for three different cutting speeds (300 m/min, 600 m/min, and 800 m/min), while a cutting depth of 1 mm and a feed rate of 0.33 mm/rev are kept constant. As a result of the experiments, the lowest main cutting force, which depends on cutting speed, is obtained as 264 N at 600 m/min while the highest main cutting force is recorded as 294 N at 300 m/min.

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