Clinical and functional characteristics of disabled people due to diseases of the peripheral nervous system at working age

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-114
Author(s):  
A. V. Berg ◽  
G. O. Penina
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Peripheral Nervous System ◽  
Functional State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Functional Characteristics ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Constant Pain ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Persistent Disability

The dominant position among the reasons of working-age population’s health deterioration belongs to diseases of the peripheral nervous system (PNS), the peak prevalence of which occurs at the age of 35–40. PNS diseases are diagnosed in about 76.0% of industrial workers, and account for more than half of all occupational diseases. They are the main cause of incapacitation and long-term disability. Publications on disability due to PNS diseases are isolated.The aim of the work. Clinical and functional characteristics of PNS disorders that cause disability in the working-age population.Material and methods. Among 91 496 first recognized as disabled in the Republic of Bashkortostan in 2014–2018, all disabled people of working age were selected due to PNS diseases, in which the main independent diagnosis was radiculopathy, polyneuropathy, neuropathy and vibratory disease with indication to lumbar-sacral radiculopathy with polyneuropathy of the upper extremities. 107 people were identified to constitute a closed cohort for a comprehensive study of the clinical-functional state and patterns of disability formation in them. The clinical-functional characteristic is given on the basis of the results of studies set forth in the directional medical documents and the assessment by an expert neurologist of the Main Bureau of Medical and Social Expertise. Statistical analysis was performed in Microsoft Excel.Results. The prevalence of PNS diseases has been found to be increasing. Three of the newly diagnosed neurological patients have been the carriers of PNS disease. PNS diseases are formed and reach peak in working age. Characterized by a chronic, progressive course, they often cause temporary and persistent disability. On average, there are 0.1 ± 0.028 persons with disabilities per 10 thousand of the able-bodied population due to PNS diseases, the level of which in dynamics for 2014–2018 increased by 1.7 times. Persons with disabilities (69.0%) are mainly represented by men, every second (50.6%) is over 50 years old, with an average age of 48.7 ± 5.7 years. The clinical-functional state is characterized by constant pain, numbness, seizures, restriction of movements in the limbs, sensory disorders, vegetative-vascular disorders.Conclusion. The quantitative evaluation of the main types of the body functions and main categories of vital activity persistent disorders made it possible to detect that 69.3 ± 4.4% persons with disabilities have persistent moderate abnormalities of functions in the range 40–60% (II degree), another 24.4 ± 3.8 — persistent pronounced abnormalities in the range 70–80% (III degree) and 6.3 ± 6.0% — persistent significant abnormalities in the range 90–100% (IV degree). The severity of impaired functioning of the body is the basis for the level of persistent disability determination.

Main Trends in Formation of the General Neurological Disability among People Older than Working Age in Moscow

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
A.G. Samusenko ◽  
N.S. Zapariy
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Central Federal District ◽  
Working Age ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article presents an analysis of the formation of general disability among persons older than working age due to diseases of the nervous system in Moscow. Introduction. Disability among the population – one of the most important medical and social problems – is an integral indicator. The purpose of the study is to study the patterns of the formation of general disability. Materials and methods. The study is solid for 2012–2018, using statistical forms of observation: form 7-sobes, statistical collections of THE Federal Security Service of the Russian Ministry of Labour. Research methods – excavation of information, descriptive statistics (absolute, extensive, intense indicators, series of dynamics, reliability assessment (average error). The results of the study. There has been an increase in the overall number of disabled people with a more pronounced growth rate in Moscow compared to the Central Federal District and the Russian Federation. The structure of general disability due to diseases of the nervous system was dominated by re-recognized persons with disabilities, but their share is lower than in the Central Federal District and the Russian Federation. The structure was dominated by disabled people in the third group with a tendency to increase their specific weight and disability, and there was a decrease in the proportion of disabled people in the I–II group and their levels. Conclusions. The total number of disabled persons among persons of older working age due to diseases of the nervous system in the dynamics of 2012–2018 has steadily increased, the growth rate was 18.6%, which is significantly higher than in the Central Federal District (4.1%) and the Russian Federation (8.2%). The structure was dominated by persons re-recognized as disabled, their share in the dynamics tended to increase, but the figure was lower than in the Central Federal District and the Russian Federation. The general population of persons with disabilities remained at 6,5 ± 0.11 cases per 10,000 of population of the appropriate age. The structure of general disability in severity was dominated by group III persons with disabilities, with a tendency to increase their specific weight and disability level. The proportion of persons with group I–II disabilities and their level tended to decrease

Characteristics of the dynamics of the central nervous system and att ention function in workers of shoe production

2020 ◽  
pp. 64-68
Author(s):  
F. L. Azizova ◽  
U. A. Boltaboev
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Women Workers ◽  
Functional State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Conflict Of Interests ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Universal Device ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Working Day

The features of production factors established at the main workplaces of shoe production are considered. The materials on the results of the study of the functional state of the central nervous system of women workers of shoe production in the dynamics of the working day are presented. The level of functional state of the central nervous system was determined by the speed of visual and auditory-motor reactions, installed using the universal device chronoreflexometer. It was revealed that in the body of workers of shoe production there is an early development of inhibitory processes in the central nervous system, which is expressed in an increase in the number of errors when performing tasks on proofreading tables. It was found that the most pronounced shift s in auditory-motor responses were observed in professional groups, where higher levels of noise were registered in the workplace. The correlation analysis showed a close direct relationship between the growth of mistakes made in the market and the decrease in production. An increase in the time spent on the task indicates the occurrence and growth of production fatigue.Funding. The study had no funding.Conflict of interests. The authors declare no conflict of interests.

scholarly journals Temperature of representative areas of the breast department of the vegetative nervous system as the index of human organism functional state

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
S. Goncharevskyi ◽  
M. Makarchuk ◽  
V. Martynyuk
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Human Body ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Organism ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Right

Almost all processes in the human body in one way or another connected with the autonomic nervous system. That's why it is real to evaluate the functional state of the person by temperature characteristics of representative points of the autonomic nervous system. Location and information of these points are confirmed by fundamental research. However, simply measuring the temperature at some points may not be sufficient to establish any systematic changes in the human body. The establishment of such changes requires systematic assessment of interdependent significant relationships between these parameters.The main aim of our research was to study effects of myocardial infarction in the thoracic region of the autonomic nervous system. The temperature of representative areas of the thoracic autonomic nervous system we measured by infrared thermometer (Medisana FTO D-53340 , with an accuracy of 0.1 degree Celsius). Statistical analysis was conducted in the packet Statistics 10. The presence of a difference in the temperature coefficients of representative areas (p<0,05). For the left side of the spine characterized by a difference in Th1–Th5 segments, which confirms their diagnosis: Th1 – 0,931,12 (control) and -0,797,49 (experiment), Th2 – 1,571,12 and -0,486,70, Th3 – 1,582611,12325 and -0,663,36, Th4 – 0,85913 0,92611 and -1,74,64, Th5 – 0,923480,75469 and-1,615,73 respectively. For the right side of the thoracic spines: Th6 – 0,850,73 (control) and -0,797,49 (experiment), Th7 – -1,000,79 and -1,370,69, Th8 – -0,960,73 and -0,990,68, Th9 – -0,120,64 and -0,380,83, Th10 – -0,921,14 and -1,031,00, Th11 – -1,691,05 and -1,861,06, Th12- -1,651,15 and -1,961,12 respectively. We found that myocardial infarction is manifested in the thoracic spine. In an experimental group there is significant difference of temperature in all segments. We can also notice asymmetry of temperatue between the right and left side of the spine. In the test group there are a deviation from the normal temperature in the first five thoracic segments on the left side, which confirms their diagnosis. On the right side of the spine there are a deviation in the last seven segments, which may indicate the compensatory mechanisms of regulation of the system. We can observe the temperature asymmetry, which in long-term exposure can negatively affect to the body.

History of the Paralympic movement

2020 ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Natalia Sakhno
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Public Life ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
The Body ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Active Life ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Federation

Worldwide, December 3 is the international day of persons with disabilities. As early as 1982, a 10-year programme of action for persons with disabilities was adopted, called the Decade of persons with disabilities, and at its end in 1992, the General Assembly declared December 3 as the International day of people with disabilities. The goal of this day was to promote the rights of persons with disabilities in all spheres of public life, as well as to attract the attention of the General public to the problems of disabled people. Every year there are more and more people with disabilities, so only in the Russian Federation the total number of disabled people is 9% of the population. Someone comes to terms with their fate and closes in the walls of their home, and someone continues to lead an active life, not wanting to change something in the usual way in connection with their new status. Such strong-minded people learn new professions, acquire previously unknown skills, and try to expand their horizons in various ways available to them. And some unique individuals in the desire to prove to others, and first of all to themselves, that disability is not a sentence, even take part in sports competitions organized specifically for people with disabilities. And if for any famous athlete participation in the Olympics, and even more so victory in it, is a matter of prestige and world recognition, for a disabled person participation in the Paralympic games primarily means victory of the spirit over the body, victory over their own helplessness and infirmity, recognition of the fact of beauty and fullness of life.

Neurophysiological status of adolescents, electronic passports and the development of health-saving technologies in the mountains of Kyrgyzstan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.S. Dzhunusova ◽  
N.U. Sataeva ◽  
S.B. Ibraimov
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Functional State ◽  
The Body ◽  
State Of Health ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Key Words Hypoxia ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Functional State Of Health

The studies were carried out on adolescents-mountaineers living in high-mountainous areas (2800 m above sea level, in Naryn, Osh, Issyk-Kul regions, 260 people). The markers of the functional activity of the brain were revealed, which characterize maladjustment functional changes on the EEG. Information databases of EEG parameters of adolescents living at an altitude of 2800 m have been created with the identification of the peculiarities of regional EEG standards, "electronic passports of the functional state of health" of adolescents were developed. The systemic and intersystemic restructuring of the body was identified, allowing to distinguish groups of persons with an unstable functional state, exposed to stressful environmental influences. Key words: hypoxia, adolescents, central nervous system, EEG.

scholarly journals Explanation Within Arm’s Reach: A Predictive Processing Framework for Single Arm Use in Octopuses

Erkenntnis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidney Carls-Diamante
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Motor Control ◽  
Spatial Representation ◽  
Motor Task ◽  
The Body ◽  
Predictive Processing ◽  
Motor Tasks ◽  
Functional Characteristics ◽  
Somatotopic Map ◽  
Processing Framework

AbstractOctopuses are highly intelligent animals with vertebrate-like cognitive and behavioural repertoires. Despite these similarities, vertebrate-based models of cognition and behaviour cannot always be successfully applied to octopuses, due to the structural and functional characteristics that have evolved in their nervous system in response to the unique challenges posed by octopus morphology. For instance, the octopus brain does not support a somatotopic or point-for-point spatial map of the body—an important feature of vertebrate nervous systems. Thus, while octopuses are capable of motor tasks whose vertebrate counterparts require detailed interoceptive monitoring, these movements may not be explainable using motor control frameworks premised on internal spatial representation. One such motor task is the extension of a single arm. The ability of octopuses to select and use a single arm without the guidance of a somatotopic map has been regarded as a motor control puzzle. In an attempt at a solution, this paper develops a predictive processing account of single-arm extension in octopuses.

scholarly journals Magic on Wheels: A Study of Re-engagement, Re-enactment and Re-staging the Stereotypes of Performativity and Performance of Persons with Disabilities in the Choreography of Syed Sallauddin Pasha

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Radhika Sharma ◽  
◽  
Nagendra Kumar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Disability Studies ◽  
Performance Studies ◽  
Performing Arts ◽  
The Body ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Art And Activism

Amidst society’s segregation of the people among minorities on the basis of gender, race, caste and creed, it is difficult to locate the position of another extreme social minority, i.e. persons with disabilities. But the turn of the century has validated some art and activism performed by persons with disabilities due to which the disabled have marked their position in literature, film and media to some extent, yet they have not secured a position of dignity in the mainstream. To make disabled people visible, Syed Sallauddin Pasha (the father of Indian dance therapy for persons with disabilities) initiates his own Natya Shastra i.e. Classical Wheelchair Dances for differently-abled artists. Drawing upon Syed Sallauddin Pasha’s therapeutic dance choreography, the present paper studies performance arts in the context of differently-abled people, and for this, the paper explores the intersection of Performance Studies and Disability Studies. In performing arts (or dance in particular), the body is the medium of representation, likewise, the body defines the identity in the context of disabled people. Therefore, the paper by studying the intersection of Disability Studies and Performance Studies, explores the stereotypes related to the body by scrutinising the disabled dance bodies on the stage. The paper further attempts to explore the idea of accessibility for persons with disabilities by taking into account the assistive devices and accessible architecture. The study then goes into an analysis of spectators’ response, stare and gaze towards disability dance performances. In a broader context, the paper offers to scrutinise the negative stereotypes attached to disability and disabled dancing bodies on stage by exploring the nuances in Syed Sallauddin Pasha’s choreography.

scholarly journals Comparative characteristics of the functional state of the Autonomous and Central nervous systems depending on the presence and degree of myopia in students

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 394-398
Author(s):  
Н. П. Сетко ◽  
Екатерина Владимировна Булычева ◽  
И. А. Ясин ◽  
А. Е. Апрелев
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
The Body ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Starting Point

Introduction. In children and adolescents myopia in some countries already reached epidemic levels due to the growing prevalence is an urgent need for new approaches to management and search for screening indics of its development risk and key points in its stabilization. Taking into account the development and progression of myopia may be associated with autonomous influences of the nervous system, it becomes relevant to study the features of the autonomous status formation in children, depending on the presence and degree of myopia. Material and methods. The functional state of the autonomic nervous system in 380 5-10 grades students with low degree myopia (group 1), moderate myopia (group 2), and without myopia (group 3) was assessed by heart rate and central nervous system variability and mental performance using variation chronoreflexometry. Results. The maximum number (40%) was recorded in eighth grade of myopia students, 39.4% cases - in fifth grade students. An imbalance in the autonomic nervous system in schoolchildren was established to increase with growing myopic refraction. Thus, vagotonia occurred in 42.8% of students with low degree myopia, eutonia - in 42%, and sympathicotonia only in 15.2%. While in students with moderate myopia in 75% of cases the constraint of regulation systems was revealed due to excessive tone of the sympathetic part of the autonomic nervous system, which leads to uneconomic work of the cardiovascular system and a sharp decrease in the functional reserves of the body in 50% -70% of students. Conclusion. Consideration of the relationship of myopia with the autonomous status and functional state of the central nervous system offers new directions to the existing concepts of myopia management in children and adolescents of school age, which can be a starting point for solving the problem of prevention of myopia and its progression.

scholarly journals Functional State of the Central and Autonomic Regulation in Young Emergency Physicians in the Northern Region

2021 ◽  
pp. 374-384
Author(s):  
Marina A. Popova ◽  
◽  
Aleksandra E. Shcherbakova ◽  
Rinat R. Karimov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Autonomic Regulation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Emergency Physicians ◽  
The Central Nervous System

The purpose of this research was to analyse the functional state of the central and autonomic nervous systems in young emergency physicians working in the northern region. Materials and methods. We examined 33 emergency physicians of a multidisciplinary hospital in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra aged 25 to 43 years (19 men and 14 women). The functional state of the central nervous system (CNS) was assessed using the method of simple visual-motor reaction (SVMR) and criteria developed by T.D. Loskutova – system’s functional level (SFL), reaction stability (RS) and level of functional abilities (LFA) – as well as attention stability, working memory and Whipple’s accuracy index. The state of autonomic regulation was evaluated according to the dynamics of heart rate variability (HRV) at rest and during active orthostatic test (AOT). Results. We found that male emergency physicians have higher rates of psychomotor reactions, SFL, RS, and LFA than their female colleagues. SVMR showed pathological reactions of the CNS in subjects of both sexes. The body’s adaptive capabilities due to autonomic regulation were preserved in most emergency physicians. However, a pathological response to AOT was found in both men and women. The pathological basis for impaired autonomic regulation and the development of maladaptive reactions in the subjects was a deterioration of the current functional state of the body, excessive activation of the sympathoadrenal system and a decrease in parasympathetic regulation. Responses to AOT in male emergency physicians were accompanied by a decrease in the total power (TP) of the HRV spectrum by 24.7 %, and an increase in low frequency (LF) to high frequency (HF) ratio by a factor of 2.6; while in female doctors, by a decrease in TP by 11.5 % and an increase in LF/HF ratio by a factor of 1.7. The median of 30/15 coefficient was 1.48 for men and 1.45 for women. Thus, in the course of professional selection of doctors to provide emergency care under unfavourable climatic conditions of the North, it is advisable to conduct a comprehensive examination of the functional state of the central nervous system and autonomic regulation to identify a risk group with impaired adaptation mechanisms. For citation: Popova M.A., Scherbakova A.E., Karimov R.R. Functional State of the Central and Autonomic Regulation in Young Emergency Physicians in the Northern Region. Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 2021, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 374–384. DOI: 10.37482/2687-1491-Z075

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM IN ADOLESCENTS LIVING IN THE NORTH

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 100-107
Author(s):  
Maksim Vladislavovich Osin ◽  
Viktor Petrovich Maltsev ◽  
Alena Anatolievna Govorukhina
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Sensorimotor Integration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Average Level ◽  
Motor Reaction ◽  
The North ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Sensorimotor Responses

Background. The function of the central nervous system in adolescents reflects the complex influence of climatic and social conditions, as well as morphofunctional lability characteristic of puberty. Studying the functional state of the central nervous system in adolescents living at high latitudes is important for forming a region-dependent norm of the functional state of the body. Aim. The paper aims to reveal the features of sensorimotor integration as an indicator of the functional state of the central nervous system in 11–14-year-old students living in the North. Materials and methods. 88 schoolchildren from Surgut (46 males and 42 females) aged 11–12 years (1 group, n = 33) and 13–14 years (2 group, n = 55) were examined. Psychophysiological testing was carried out with the help of the NS-Psychotest hardware and software (Neurosoft, Ivanovo). The following methods were used: simple visual and motor reaction, complex visual and motor reaction – choice reaction. Mathematical and statistical processing was carried out in Microsoft Excel and Statistica 10.0. Results. Sex-related differences in neurodynamic data were revealed: average parameters of boys of both groups in comparison with girls are characteristic of a more active and mobile central nervous system. The functional state of the central nervous system in males is higher than that of females in both age groups, though, sensorimotor responses of females are more stable. Age-related improvements in sensorimotor integration were noted due to improved cerebral processing of sensory information by reducing latency time of sensorimotor responses. In males, depending on age, there was a tendency to negative changes in the functional state of the central nervous system. Conclusions. The results obtained describe the average level of activation and a high level of functional mobility of nervous processes in all adolescents. The average level of the functional state of the central nervous system reflects the optimal functional capabilities of the participants, which is the basis for effective psychophysiological adaptation to living conditions and educational activities.

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