scholarly journals Risk Factors for the Increase in Frequency and Earlier Manifestation of Depression in Adolescent Population of Today

Psychiatry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-13
Author(s):  
N. A. Mazaeva ◽  
N. E. Kravchenko
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Deprivation ◽  
Pubertal Timing ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Entire Cohort ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Reduce Risk ◽  
Depressive Episodes ◽  
Early Manifestation

Objective: depression among adolescents is a serious public problem. The majority of genetic and clinical studies showed that early — onset depressions etiologically may be distinct from adult — onset depressions. Itis possible to assume some differences in aged-dependent risk profile between depressions at adolescence and adulthood.Aim: to study adolescent depressions for identification a number of novel risk factors for increase in frequency and early manifestation of the disorder.Patients and methods: outpatient adolescents registered in one of the Moscow psychoneurological dispensary at 1999–2019 years (total 1704 boys and girls). From the entire cohort we selected all participants appealed for medical aid in connection with depression (F3 of ICD-10) during last decade.Results: the significant increase in the incidence and early manifestation of adolescent depressions during last decade were revealed especially in girls with shift of male/female ratio from 3,1/1 in 2009 year to 1,8/1 in 2019 year. Some specific features of nowadays adolescent depressions are noted: beginning at an earlier age, increasing part of severe depressive episodes, growth of the autoaggressive behavior and suicidal potential. Novel links between adolescent depressions and risk factors are described. Some endocrinological changes resulting from premature pubertal timing and disordered circadian rhythms, social deprivation owing to socio-economic reforms with a lack of social support, low social expectations, absence of positive perspectives leading to low self-esteem and unwarranted self-criticism are turned out to be the most important factors heightening vulnerability to adolescent depressions.Conclusion: identification of pathogenetic mechanisms of adolescent depressions creates an opportunity for early target psychosocial intervention and might help to reduce risk for depression among youth.

scholarly journals Risk factors for new depressive episodes in primary health care: an international prospective 12-month follow-up study

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 595-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. BARKOW ◽  
W. MAIER ◽  
T. B. ÜSTÜN ◽  
M. GÄNSICKE ◽  
H.-U. WITTCHEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Depressive Episodes ◽  
Psychiatric Problems

Background. Studies that examined community samples have reported several risk factors for the development of depressive episodes. The few studies that have been performed on primary care samples were mostly cross-sectional. Most samples had originated from highly developed industrial countries. This is the first study that prospectively investigates the risk factors of depressive episodes in an international primary care sample.Methods. A stratified primary care sample of initially non-depressed subjects (N = 2445) from 15 centres from all over the world was examined for the presence or absence of a depressive episode (ICD-10) at the 12 month follow-up assessment. The initial measures addressed sociodemographic variables, psychological/psychiatric problems and social disability. Logistic regression analysis was carried out to determine their relationship with the development of new depressive episodes.Results. At the 12-month follow-up, 4·4% of primary care patients met ICD-10 criteria for a depressive episode. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the recognition by the general practitioner as a psychiatric case, repeated suicidal thoughts, previous depressive episodes, the number of chronic organic diseases, poor general health, and a full or subthreshold ICD-10 disorder were related to the development of new depressive episodes.Conclusions. Psychological/psychiatric problems were found to play the most important role in the prediction of depressive episodes while sociodemographic variables were of lower importance. Differences compared with other studies might be due to our prospective design and possibly also to our culturally different sample. Applied stratification procedures, which resulted in a sample at high risk of developing depression, might be a limitation of our study.

scholarly journals Demographic and Clinical Profile of Patients Receiving Electroconvulsive Therapy at Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital Yaba in Lagos, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Dada Mobolaji Usman ◽  
Okewole Adeniran Olubunmi ◽  
Raji Ayanjide Lukman
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Electroconvulsive Therapy ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Manic Episode ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Puerperal Psychosis ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Common Diagnosis ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Icd 10

Aims: To obtain sociodemographic and clinical profile of patients receiving Electroconvulsive therapy in a Nigerian psychiatric hospital. Study Design: A retrospective study. Place and duration: The study was carried out at the Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria over a period of 3 months. Methodology: An extensive review of the hospital records of patients receiving the modified form of electroconvulsive therapy for the first time over a period of eight years was done.  The demographic information, clinical diagnosis and indication for electroconvulsive therapy were retrieved and analysis was done using SPSS 19. Results: There were a total of 222 cases, ranging from 45 in 2000 to 21 in 2007. Mean age was 31.7 ± 9.65. Male: female ratio was 1:2. Almost 60% of them were single and unemployed. Clinical diagnosis using ICD 10 ranged from schizophrenia (44.8%), severe depression (27.8%), bipolar disorder (15.5%) to puerperal psychosis (8.2%). Indications for electroconvulsive therapy included psychosis (41.6%), severe depressive episode (25.8%), catatonia (23.7%) and manic episode (7.4%). Conclusion: This study has shown that the use of ECT has declined in the facility over the study periods.  Also, females were twice as likely to receive electroconvulsive therapy compared to males and schizophrenia still remains the most common diagnosis among the patients.

scholarly journals Demographic Factors of Suicide in Chittagong

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-16
Author(s):  
Kazal Kanti Barua ◽  
M Jalal Uddin ◽  
Sumon Mutsuddy ◽  
AYM Masud Reza Khan ◽  
Ashim Barua
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Professional Group ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
High Risk Factors ◽  
The World ◽  
Male Female Ratio

Background: Suicide is a devastating problem. It is to some extent preventable if we are aware of its factors. These factors vary according to community, cast and creed. Many studies were conducted at many places of the world but there is none in Chittagong. To know the high risk factors of suicide in Chittagong we have conducted the study.Methods : It was a descriptive study. Secondary data were used. All suicidal reports of Chittagong mortuary in 2012 were studied. Collected data were managed manually. Results were contrasted with recent studies of home & abroad.Results: Total 165 reports were studied. Majority of the victims 128(78%) were of 15-45 years age group. Male female ratio was 49: 51. Married victims were 109(66%). Muslims 125(76%). Majority of the victims 104(63%) were poorly literate (<SSC). Commonest profession of the victims was ‘housewife’57(35%). Next professional group was lower subordinate staffs 49(30%). Commonest method of suicide was Hanging 83(50%). Family feud was the commonest cause of suicide and it was 72(44%).Conclusion: Commonest demographic factor of suicide in Chittagong is ‘Family Feud’ It is mostly manageable and thus we can prevent suicide occurrence significantly. So, everybody should come forward to remove causes of family feud and others for a noble humanitarian cause.Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.16 (2); July 2017; Page 14-13

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of Fungal Nasal Polyposis in Tertiary Care Hospital.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (02) ◽  
pp. 289-292
Author(s):  
Ayub Musani ◽  
Qaisar Sajjad ◽  
Faheem Ahmed Khan ◽  
Itrat Jawaid ◽  
Hina Iqbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Nasal Polyps ◽  
Nasal Polyposis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Setting

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of fungal rhinosinusitis in nasal polyps’ patients and to determine the risk factors of fungal rhino sinusitis. Study Design: Prospective study. Setting: Out patients and in patients department of Abbasi Shaheed Hospital and Karachi Medical and Dental College. Period: October 2014 to April 2017. Total duration of study was two and a half years. Material & Methods: In this study 221 cases were included who diagnosed nasal polyposis on clinical ground. Both sexes were included in this study. After informed consent complete history were taken and noted in pre designed Performa. Complete ENT and physical examination was done. Relevant investigations were advised as per requirement. Results: Total numbers of patients selected for this study were 221. The overall prevalence of fungal rhino-sinusitis was found in 90 patients (40.70%). Mostly patients belong to poor socio-economical status i.e. 59 (65.55%) followed by middle class 18 (20%) patients. Mean age was 30.16 +/_ 12.33. Male were 55 (61%) and female were 35 (38.8%) with male female ratio was 1:1.57. In risk factors, 36 (40%) patients were farmers while history of allergy was found in 35 patients (38.88%). Conclusions: Patients with nasal polyps should be properly evaluated for the early treatment of fungal rhino-sinusitis and also remove the risk factors to prevent the recurrence and unnecessary complications.

scholarly journals Clinical Presentation and Risk Factors of Stroke-A Study of 100 Hospitalized Stroke Patients in Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radheshyam Saha ◽  
MM Shahin Ul Islam ◽  
Ahmed Manadir Hossain ◽  
Mohammad Rafiqul Kabir ◽  
Abdullah Al Mamun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Haemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
History Of

Stroke is one of the most common medical emergency. A total number of 100 randomly selected clinically and CT proven acute stroke patients were studied at medicine and neurology ward of Faridpur Medical College Hospital (FMCH), Faridpur from January to July, 2014 with a view to study the clinical features and risk factors of Stroke. Among 100 patients, stroke was found most commonly in 59-70 years age group. Ischaemic stroke was 56%, haemorrhagic stroke was 39% and haemorrhagic infarct was 5%. Most of the patients were male with male-female ratio was 1.6:1. The commonest risk factor was hypertension found in 60%, diabetes mellitus found in 17%, smoking was present in 54% patients and dyslipidaemia was present in 22% cases. History of heart disease (Myocardial infarction was present in 2% patients, valvular heart disease was present in 4% patients) was present in 6% patients. The commonest presentation in both ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke was hemiplegia (61%). Headache (14%) and vomiting (10%) were found to be more common accompaniment in haemorrhagic stroke. Loss of consciousness was present in 34% patients. Alcohol intake was not found in any patient.Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jan 2016;11(1): 23-25

scholarly journals COT-31 Risk Factors for the Development of Skin Rash with Levetiracetam and Lacosamide in Patients with Glioma

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_6) ◽  
pp. vi31-vi31
Author(s):  
Mikoto Onodera ◽  
Yoshihiro Muragaki ◽  
Atsushi Fukui ◽  
Masayuki Nitta ◽  
Taiichi Saito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Group 13 ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
History Of ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Glioma Resection ◽  
New Generation

Abstract Introduction: Seizure control of in glioma patients is essential for quality of life. The new generation anti-seizure drug (ASD) is represented by lacosamide (LCM) and levetiracetam (LEV), and is said to have few side effects of eruption. We retrospectively analyzed the incidence of rash and related factors of the ASD, evaluated the safety of patients with glioma, and conducted a comparison with the evaluation of patients with meningioma. Method: We calculated the incidence of rash in patients who underwent glioma resection at our Hospital from January 2017 to December 2019 and were prescribed LEV or LCM, and compared it with the same incidence in meningioma patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors for the ASD-related eruption. Result: The subjects were 353 gliomas and 125 meningiomas who received LEV or LCM.The median ages are 44 ± 14.8 and 58 ± 13.2, respectively, and the male-female ratio is 203/150 and 53/72. There was no difference in the incidence of eruptions between the two groups, LEV and LCM, and the incidence of ASD-related eruptions was 11% (39/353) for gliomas, significantly higher than 1.6% (2/125) for meningiomas (p = 0.006). The incidence of ASD-related eruptions in glioma patients was not significantly different between the LEV group (10% (21/216)) and the LCM group (13% (20/154)) (p = 0.53). In a multivariate analysis of risk factors for eruption, chemoradiotherapy (p = 0.01), history of drug allergy (p = 0.039) was significantly higher. Conclusion: The incidence of LEV and LCM eruptions in glioma patients was higher than that in meningioma patients, and it was speculated that the treatment course specificity was more important than the disease-specific factors. Patients with glioma, especially those who have undergone chemoradiotherapy or have a history of drug allergies, require careful confirmation of the eruption.

Elevated Factor VIII Activity In Patients With Hypercoagulability Syndrome

Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (21) ◽  
pp. 4802-4802
Author(s):  
F. Gonzalez ◽  
Hanrry J Paredes
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Factor Viii ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Thrombotic Event ◽  
Factor Viii Activity ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Reference Center ◽  
Male Female Ratio

Patients with hypercoagulability syndrome can have a wide variety of risk factors that predispose them to develop a thrombotic event. Factor VIII increased levels has been reported as one of these. In this retrospective study we report the frequency of increased levels of factor VIII activity found in patients referred for hypercoagulability assessment to our reference center. Material and methods Review of clinical and laboratory database of patients referred for hypercoagulability assessment. Results are presented as percentages. Results Of 323 patients with hypercoagulability syndrome, 98 (30.3%) had increased levels of Factor VIII activity, male-female ratio 1:1.8, mean age 49.8 ± 15 y-o. Sixty (61.2%) patients had a venous thrombotic event and 73.3% of them had recurrence. Ten (10.2%) had an arterial thrombotic event and 23 a combined arterial and venous thrombosis with recurrent episodes of 70.0 and 82.6% respectively. Five patients had no clotting events. Thrombosis in unusual sites was found in 22 patients. Conclusion Increased levels of Factor VIII activity are found in 30.3 % of patients with hypercoagulability syndromes, almost two thirds develop a venous thrombotic event and recurrences occur in 75.3%. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals A Study of the Risk Factors Predicting Amputation in Diabetic Foot

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Amara Simha Reddy. T ◽  
Prashant G.K.
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Major Amputation ◽  
Foot Ulcers ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Peripheral Arterial

Background: Diabetic foot ulcers are the main cause of non-traumatic lower extremity amputation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the risk factors for major amputation in diabetic foot patients. Materials & Methods: This open, single center, prospective and observational study conducted in Chalmeda Anand Rao Institute of Medical Science, Karimnagar for a period from Nov. 2018 to Dec. 2020 The patients admitted in General Surgery with diabetic foot problems were selected for the study with proper consent of patients and his/her attendants. Results: In this study Fifty patients were admitted to the diabetic wound in Department of Surgery for foot ulcers between Nov 2018 to Dec 2020. Among the 50 patients, Male: Female ratio was 4.6:1. out of which 41 (82.0%) were male, 18 (36.0%) belonged to the 50 to 59 years age group, 15 (30.0%) were having complaints for Ulcer, 15 (30.0%) were smoker. The Amputation rate was 42.0%. Conclusion: In the results of analysis, poor glycemic control, peripheral arterial disease, peripheral neuropathy and higher Wagner grade are significant risk factors for amputation in diabetic foot infection. Keywords: Diabetic foot, Wagner grading, HbA1c, TLC, Albumin.

Suicide in Nógrád County, Hungary, 1970-1994

Crisis ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamás Zonda
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Suicide Notes ◽  
Suicidal Intention ◽  
Male Female Ratio

The author examined completed suicides occurring over a period of 25 years in a county of Hungary with a traditionally low (relatively speaking) suicide rate of 25.8. The rates are clearly higher in villages than in the towns. The male/female ratio was close to 4:1, among elderly though only 1.5:1. The high risk groups are the elderly, divorced, and widowed. Violent methods are chosen in 66.4% of the cases. The rates are particularly high in the period April-July. Prior communication of suicidal intention was revealed in 16.3% of all cases. Previous attempts had been undertaken by 17%, which in turn means that 83% of suicides were first attempts. In our material 10% the victims left suicide notes. Psychiatric disorders were present in 60.1% of the cases, and severe, multiple somatic illnesses (including malignomas) were present in 8.8%. The majority of the data resemble those found in the literature.

Living Well to Keep Your Pressure Down

EDIS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda B. Bobroff
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Living Well ◽  
Heart Work ◽  
Major Revision ◽  
Reduce Risk

High blood pressure, or hypertension, can cause serious health problems. It makes your heart work harder and can damage your blood vessels even if you feel okay. Everyone should have their blood pressure checked regularly. If you have certain risk factors, you are more likely to have high blood pressure. This 6-page fact sheet is a major revision that discusses risk factors and ways to reduce risk.

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