scholarly journals Poissaolevan politiikkaa. Historia ja perinteinen kulttuuri nenetsien etnisyyden rakennusaineina

Elore ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Lukin
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
The Past ◽  
Opening Ceremony ◽  
Politics Of History ◽  
Varying Length ◽  
The Right ◽  
Nenets Autonomous ◽  
Made In

The article deals with Nenets ethnicity and its connections with history and tradition, and it is based on the ethnographic fieldwork made in Nenets autonomous okrug in periods of varying length in 2000, 2003, 2004 and 2005. Besides participant observation and interviews, the material consists of archive and news paper material and literature describing Nenets history. I use the terms ethnicity, heritage, and politics of history as key concepts with which I define how Nenets ethnicity is constructed and articulated around the discussion about the fortification of Pustozersk and its 500th anniversary in 1999. The Nenets opened their own monument, Hèbidja Ten, during the anniversary celebrations and thus brought out a differing memory of the past. This evoked many debates over the right way of telling the history. Describing discussions about history, the opening ceremony, and also other activities of Nenets intelligentsia, this article argues that Nenets ethnicity is constructed on two absents, namely the traditional way of life and the glorious history. Still, in the current post-Soviet context, these two are made meaningful parts of Nenets ethnicity.

African psychology and the emergence of the Madiban tradition

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Augustine Nwoye
Keyword(s):  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
New Order ◽  
Mutual Respect ◽  
The Past ◽  
Western Psychology ◽  
The Right ◽  
Made In

The recent welcome inclusion of the study of African psychology within the psychology degree curriculum of some forward-thinking African universities has been lauded as a great positive drive in the right direction. In the past, the practices that prevailed were those of mainstream Western psychology imported to Africa. This awkward situation originated during the period of colonialism and the emergence of missionary Christianity in Africa. This article proposes that if the current positive attitude toward African psychology is to last and bear fruit, there is a need to formally inaugurate a new order or tradition (referred to in this paper as the Madiban tradition) that would anchor and open up the study of psychology in African universities towards a new future: a future in which the progressive arm of both Western and African approaches to psychology would coexist and enjoy enduring mutual respect and equitable participatory presence in these programmes. This paper highlights the theoretical framework undergirding this vision and the challenges to be faced and new shifts to be made in implementing such a vision.

Gypsies: Current Policies and Practices

1975 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Adams ◽  
Judith Okely ◽  
David Morgan ◽  
David Smith
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Drop Outs ◽  
Policies And Practices

ABSTRACTThis article describes current policies and practices in relation to English Gypsies and a study of Gypsies by participant observation. While governments in the past have always sought to prevent the Gypsies from travelling, local authorities have been equally concerned to prevent camping or settlement in their district. Despite the Caravan Sites Act 1968, which makes the provision of caravan sites mandatory, many authorities are reluctant to fulfil their obligations. By June 1974, pitches for little more than a quarter of Gypsy families had been provided. Harassment of travelling families who have no legal place to which to go persists.The evidence suggests that the Gypsies are a cohesive ethnic group with membership based primarily on descent. They are not drop-outs from house-dwelling society and they maintain their separation by intent. They have a viable economy based mainly on scrap breaking and it seems likely that travelling, which facilitates their work, will persist. Though some Gypsies wish to settle, many do not.Several short-term policy changes are proposed, requiring a more flexible and varied approach to accommodation for Gypsies. The hope is that Britain might ultimately become the first country to permit Gypsies their own separate way of life, travelling or settled by choice.

Concluding remarks

1982 ◽  
Vol 296 (1082) ◽  
pp. 575-576 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Physiology ◽  
Nitrogen Cycle ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
The Past ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Right ◽  
Made In

Over the past two days of this symposium I have been impressed by the interest and enthusiasm shown for the subject of the nitrogen cycle. The programme has been diverse, with agriculturalists, environmentalists, those interested in forestry, aquatic environments, plant physiology and medicine all contributing. Dr Lake has rounded off the general discussion admirably: he has emphasized that there are many questions still to be answered and various speakers and contributors have pointedly emphasized that while we know much about the various reactions of the nitrogen cycle, at least in gross terms, good solid quantitative data on various processes are scarce. Even for N 2 fixation about which, as Professor Postgate rightly said, more is probably known than about any other process of the nitrogen cycle, there is still uncertainty about how much N is fixed in the oceans of the world, despite the fact that these cover the bulk of the Earth’s surface. Professor Fogg has mentioned the difficulties of obtaining such data in so vast an area. But it is not only in the sea that there are problems. As yet we have few good quantitative data on losses by denitrification: how much is lost as N 2 and how much as N 2 O. The studies of Dr Dowdell and his colleagues are an important step in the right direction. Detailed quantitative studies are required on the various processes of the nitrogen cycle. That is where progress will have to be made in the future. I believe that too much time has been spent in the past on mass balance studies and not enough time on getting accurate measurements of the various processes by experimentation.

scholarly journals Agricultural Policy Issues in Pakistan

1984 ◽  
Vol 23 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 241-255
Author(s):  
Mahmood Hasan Khan
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Agricultural Growth ◽  
The Past ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right ◽  
Dominant Activity ◽  
Crop And Livestock Production

Agriculture, in many ways, remains the most dominant activity in Pakistan. It provides a way of life to almost three-quarters of the country's population: over 55 percent of the labour force works directly in agriculture and about 30 percent of the Gross Domestic Product and over 35 percent of the export earnings were contributed by agriculture in 1984. That three-quarters of the population engaged in agriculture cannot produce adequate supply of food and fibre at reasonable prices for the one quarter working in other sectors indicates a low level of productivity in crop and livestock production. Agricultural growth in the past 35 years or so has been uneven in terms of both rates and commodity balances. Also, the benefits from growth have varied significantly across regions and between farm groups. Markets and public policy have not always provided the right economic incentives and environment for sustained and equitable growth.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF OCCASIONAL RITES AND FOLK BELIEFS OF BELARUSIAN PEASANT MIGRANTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 147-155
Author(s):  
R. Yu. Fedorov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Far East Of Russia ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Folk Beliefs ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Livestock Health ◽  
The Village ◽  
Made In

The article is devoted to the features of occasional rites and folk beliefs of the descendants of Belarusian peasant migrants of the second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries who lived in Siberia and the Far East of Russia. The degree of their preservation and transformation has been investigated on the basis of comparing the author's field materials with ethnographic descriptions made in the places of the migrants’ departure. The features of the occasional rites and folk beliefs remained unevenly in the memory of the descendants of the Belarusian migrants. Their oral stories most frequently contain the descriptions of pluvial magic and apotropaic actions aimed at protecting estate as well as human and livestock health. In some cases, animistic representations of the surrounding world have been replaced by the elements of Christian rites. In the ethnographic descriptions of the 19th – early 20th centuries, the space of superstitions and occasional rites covers not only the village itself, but natural environment surrounding it (forests, fields, rivers, etc.) as well. Today it has become increasingly limited to the boundaries of private estates. The forms of occasional rites and folk beliefs that have retained its practical value in transforming the way of life of the East Slavic village of Siberia and the Far East over the past century continue to exist.

scholarly journals Indigenous Peoples: From Unrighteousness to the Right to Self-Government

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzana Kraljić ◽  
Armin-Bernhard Stolz
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Present Situation ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Human Society ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cheap Labour ◽  
The Right ◽  
Made In ◽  
Important Milestone

In the past, indigenous peoples were exposed to many violations of human rights. They were treated as nations without rights and civilisation. Colonial powers confiscated their land without paying any compensation. Their culture, religion, language, social and judicial systems were annulled or even destroyed. Members of indigenous peoples were victims of ethnocide/genocide and were used as cheap labour force. Today, many live on the edge of human society and deal with different problems (alcohol, drugs, crime). National efforts and trends to abolish the injustice made in the past, and efforts for the improvement of the present situation of members of indigenous peoples have brought fruit because indigenous peoples have reached a certain degree of autonomy in different countries through the right to self-determination and the right to self-government. Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples was adopted in 2007. It represents an important milestone in resolving many issues associated with indigenous peoples, even though individual countries with many indigenous peoples have not supported it.

scholarly journals MARINE SALVAGE SERVICES AND SPILL PREVENTION IN THE 21st CENTURY

1997 ◽  
Vol 1997 (1) ◽  
pp. 579-581
Author(s):  
John Arnold Witte
Keyword(s):  
Union Member ◽  
Technological Breakthrough ◽  
The Past ◽  
Great Progress ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Right ◽  
Oil Spill Cleanup ◽  
Effective Service ◽  
Made In

ABSTRACT The past two decades have seen no major technological breakthrough in the field of oil spill cleanup. It is likely that intervention by salvors will remain the preferred solution (“keeping the oil in the ship”). International Salvage Union member companies provide an effective service; they recovered more than 2 million tons of oils and chemicals from 141 ship casualties during 1995. However, spill prevention is an “invisible success” and, as such, doesn't make news. Meanwhile, the media remain strongly attracted to the few spills that still occur. During the past 20 years, great progress has been made in improving maritime safety and reducing the incidence of significant spills. Occasionally, however, things go badly wrong and a major pollution threat develops, together with the potential for huge claims. The members of the International Salvage Union want to take all possible measures to optimize salvage response in such situations. Salvors frequently work together, pooling resources and expertise to maximize operational success. In addition, arrangements are now in place that encourage salvors to respond to spill threats in highly adverse circumstances. Further improvements will materialize if the many parties involved in major casualty response draw closer together. More cooperation between these interests is vital. The new agreement on Article 14 salvage operations negotiated between the International Salvage Union and the International Group of P&I Clubs is an encouraging step in the right direction.

COMMONWEALTH Forum: The Politics of Science or the Science of Politics

Commonwealth ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Arway
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Factual Information ◽  
The Past ◽  
Difference Of Opinion ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Scientific Facts ◽  
Environmental Agency ◽  
Laws And Regulations

The challenges of including factual information in public policy and political discussions are many. The difficulties of including scientific facts in these debates can often be frustrating for scientists, politicians and policymakers alike. At times it seems that discussions involve different languages or dialects such that it becomes a challenge to even understand one another’s position. Oftentimes difference of opinion leads to laws and regulations that are tilted to the left or the right. The collaborative balancing to insure public and natural resource interests are protected ends up being accomplished through extensive litigation in the courts. In this article, the author discusses the history of environmental balancing during the past three decades from the perspective of a field biologist who has used the strength of our policies, laws and regulations to fight for the protection of our Commonwealth’s aquatic resources. For the past 7 years, the author has taken over the reins of “the most powerful environmental agency in Pennsylvania” and charted a course using science to properly represent natural resource interests in public policy and political deliberations.

Cancellation and Termination of Assignment Contract of Patrimonial Rights of the Author

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-201
Author(s):  
Tudor-Vlad Sfârlog
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Research ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
The Right ◽  
Made In

Abstract The present study offers the doctrine of the right of intellectual creation new perspectives on the study of the institution of termination of the assignment contract for the patrimonial rights resulting from the intellectual creation. We believe that the present study is rich in doctrinal contributions, formulating new theses and opening the prospect for new perspectives of scientific research. Last but not least, we appreciate that the proposals made in the present study contribute not only to the activity of opinionated in the field, but also to the work of practitioners and direct beneficiaries of the legal provisions on the assignment of patrimonial rights of authors.

Need of Human Rights as a Better Way of Life

Think India ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 72-83
Author(s):  
Tushar Kadian
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Basic Needs ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Labour Unions ◽  
The People ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Made In

Actually, basic needs postulates securing of the elementary conditions of existence to every human being. Despite of the practical and theoretical importance of the subject the greatest irony is non- availability of any universal preliminary definition of the concept of basic needs. Moreover, this becomes the reason for unpredictability of various political programmes aiming at providing basic needs to the people. The shift is necessary for development of this or any other conception. No labour reforms could be made in history till labours were treated as objects. Its only after they were started being treating as subjects, labour unions were allowed to represent themselves in strategy formulations that labour reforms could become a reality. The present research paper highlights the basic needs of Human Rights in life.

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