scholarly journals FARMERS' PERCEPTION REGARDING CLIMATE CHANGE IN SOUTHERN TURKEY: THE CASE OF MERSIN PROVINCE

New Medit ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Cost

Climate change is responsible for the negative effects in human life causing a decrease in agricultural products, biodiversity, soil fertility, and forest areas. In contrast, climate change increases plant diseases and pests, the cost of agricultural production and risk in food security. This study aims to determine whether climate change is a phenomenon via the analysis of the perceptions of the farmers in the Mersin province conducted over 251 questionnaires. Farmers primarily perceive climate change over production costs and the reduction in yield. Moreover, they are highly aware of its relation to natural events such as floods, drought, and storms. Nevertheless, inappropriate agricultural practices also lead to the negative consequences caused by climate change. In this respect, this study revealed that farmers with high cooperative partnerships and experience perceived climate change significantly.

scholarly journals AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION COSTS, PRODUCT COST AND WAYS TO REDUCE IT IN UZBEKISTAN

2019 ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
Bafoyev Otabek
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Economic Management ◽  
Rational Allocation ◽  
Cost Of Production ◽  
Organization Of Production ◽  
The Cost

The cost of production is one of the most important indicators of the economic efficiency of agricultural production. It shows how much the production of agricultural products to a particular enterprise costs. The cost price reflects the qualitative aspect of the economic activities of enterprises: the efficiency of using production resources, the state of technology and organization of production, the introduction of science and advanced experience, the level of economic management. The cost of production is necessary to justify the rational allocation and specialization of agricultural production, to determine its economic efficiency, to establish the level of prices for agricultural products. The purpose of this article is to show ways to reduce the cost of agricultural products, which is one of the most important issues in Uzbekistan. This article discusses ways to reduce the cost of production in agriculture and suggests ways to reduce costs in order to improve efficiency in the production of agricultural products.

Spain and the War

1917 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles H. Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Cost Of Living ◽  
Agricultural Resources ◽  
Artificial Stimulus ◽  
The Cost ◽  
At Home

Like other neutral nations of Europe, Spain has been tremendously affected by the war. Though she has not been brought into such close contact with the great struggle as have Holland and the Scandinavian countries, because of her distance from the battlefields and the comparative insignificance of her commercial interests, she has nevertheless felt and is still feeling a great strain, the chief characteristics of which are economic. The cost of living in Spain has increased several fold. This is due in part to the difficulty in obtaining both manfactured articles and coal for her own industries and in part to the great scarcity of agricultural products: the result of the short-sighted policy followed up to the present of exporting food products which should have been retained at home. Though possessed of a greater arable area in proportion to her population than any other country in Europe except Russia, the methods of agricultural production in Spain are wofully deficient. As a result of her own backwardness and her failure to develop either her industrial or her agricultural resources, Spain is now suffering, to a lesser degree possibly, the same inconveniences which are disturbing Germany, France and England: namely, a scarcity of food; and she does not possess the artificial stimulus which those countries have to aid in overcoming it.

scholarly journals The effect of changes in opportunity costs and prices of some agricultural products such as sugar beet, corn,wheat etc. used for bioethanol production on the cost of bioethanol production is not adequately known in Turkey.. Therefore, it was aimed to determine the bioethanol production cost items and unit production costs and also to put forth the effects of variations in raw material prices on cost of bioethanol.. The research data were collected via personal interviews from active bioethanol plants in Turkey. The results of previous studies and documents of related institutions and organizations were also used. The study followed classical cost analysis approach to calculate production cost. Scenario analysis was performed when exploring the effect of raw material prices on bioethanol production cost. Research findings showed that production cost per litre bioethanol produced from sugar beet molasses, corn, wheat and corn-wheat mixture were 2.50 TL, 2.84 TL, 2.95 and 2.84 TL, respectively. The share of raw material expenses in bioethanol cost per liter varied associated with the crops used in the process, it was 28.55% for bioethanol produced from sugar beet molasses, 44.81% for bioethanol produced from corn-wheat mixture and 44.87% bioethanol produced from corn. The research results also showed that the changes that occur in raw material prices significantly affected the bioethanol production cost and opportunity cost of crops created difficulties in biomass supply. Implementing the suitable policies and strategies and making the necessary arrangements in legislation would enhance the economic sustainability of bioethanol production in Turkey.

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-16
Author(s):  
Selime Canan ◽  
Vedat Ceyhan
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Beet Molasses ◽  
Sugar Beet Molasses ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Cost

On the assessment of production costs and profitability of agricultural organizations of the Orel region

2020 ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
L. Golovina ◽  
O. Logacheva
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Business Activity ◽  
Main Production ◽  
Systematic Development ◽  
Agricultural Organizations ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Average Annual Number

The trends of changes in the structure of production costs and profitability of agricultural organizations of the Orel region are studied. The ratio of income and expenses that develops in the course of business activity is analyzed. The share of the cost of purchased products in the composition of material costs in connection with its growth is highlighted. The emphasis is placed on ensuring the systematic development of agricultural production in the region. The fact of a decrease in the share of wages in the structure of costs for the main production and a reduction in the average annual number of employees is revealed. The study is supplemented by an analysis of vacancies in agriculture in Russia, highlighting the most popular and highly paid professions in the agricultural sector of the country.

Issues of Climate Change, Impact, and Adaptation Strategies in Nigeria

2018 ◽  
pp. 591-603
Author(s):  
Nwakor Flora Ngozi ◽  
Amadi C. Okey ◽  
Okwusi Moses Chukwunwike ◽  
Adiele Ezekiel Chinyere
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Adaptation Strategy ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Crop Varieties ◽  
The Impact

Climate change is a global problem affecting agricultural production, a good adaptation strategy for this phenomena should be sought for increase agricultural production. The study was conducted in Nigeria to assess the Impact of Climate Change on root and tuber crops production among farmers in Nigeria. Secondary data were used for the study, they were collected from NRCRI Umudike and other individual publications. The result shows that climate change had negative impact on root and tubers crops production including potato. Adaptation of Agriculture to climate change in the areas of crop and animal production, post harvest activities and capacity building, divers friction of livelihood sources through the use of different farming methods and improved agricultural practices will help to reduce the impact of climate change. Examples are establishment of forestry, generation of improved and disease resistance crop varieties addition of value into agricultural products and post harvest activities for climate change adaptation and sustainable development.

Contributions of Urban Agro Ecological Agriculture to Ecosystem Services

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
José G. Vargas-Hernández ◽  
Olga E. Domené-Painenao
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Social Equity ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Environmental Services ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Social

This paper has the aim to analyze the implications of the transition of ecosystem services based on urban agro ecology. It advances on the debate over the negative effects of the traditional and industrial oriented agricultural production on the ecosystem services, food systems, climate change, etc. and analyses the principles, methods, and some practices that support the transition to urban agro ecology. The method employed is the analytical of the theoretical and empirical literature review. It concludes that a transition from traditional and industrial-oriented agriculture towards more urban agro ecology is inevitable to improve the ecological and environmental services, the economic efficiency, the social equity and justice, and the environmental sustainability of cities.

Submission to House of Lords: Inquiry ‘Aspects of the Economics of Climate Change’

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 639-647
Author(s):  
Julian Morris
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
House Of Lords ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
Biodiversity Changes

Some claim that climate change will result in an increase in vector-borne disease, flooding, catastrophic weather events, loss of biodiversity, changes in agricultural production and other problems. Yet these are problems today and are either caused or are exacerbated by poverty. Tackling poverty is likely to be better way to address these problems than attempting to control the climate. Climatic change may turn out to be benign or harmful: We do not know. But in the context of this uncertainty, policies that are narrowly focused on adaptation to possible negative effects are short-sighted and may even be counterproductive. Policies aimed at mitigation through control of atmospheric carbon are almost certainly counterproductive. Adaptive, sustainable development can only come through the adoption of institutions that enable people to engage in economic activities that create wealth and lead to technological progress. Policies that rely on these institutions provide the best way to deal with an uncertain climate future.

Paradigm Shifts of the African Worldview

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-361
Author(s):  
Michael Adetunji Ahove ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Paradigm Shifts ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
African Worldview ◽  
High Level ◽  
Adaptation And Mitigation

Africa is the most vulnerable region of the world due to anthropogenic climate change challenges on account of dependence on nature for the sustenance of agriculture as her main source of income, high level of poverty, and low level of literacy. Climate change adaptation involves strategies of adjusting to the negative effects of climate change, while climate change mitigation involves techniques that help to reduce production of greenhouse gases through burning fossil fuels. The African worldview from the frontier of Nigerian epistemological and ontological perspectives as it finds expression in climate change adaptation and mitigation is built on the foundations of its relationship with nature, traditional religion and belief systems, agricultural practices, and some other day-to-day practices. Worldview analysis of the contemporary Nigerian has been conducted and classified into Original African, Westernized African, and Little Here-and-There African, a paradigm existing in Nigerians irrespective of level of Western education. What will be the fate of the younger Nigerian climate scientist in a globalized and technologically competitive world? This question gives rise to further discussion on the principles and application of the theory of Culturo-Techno-Contextual Approach as postulated by Peter A. Okebukola and applied to creating an environment for meaningful learning on climate change adaptation and mitigation for the future generations of Nigerians.

Desertification or Sustainable Yields from Arid Environments

1988 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Cloudsley-Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Arid Environments ◽  
Multinational Organizations ◽  
Ecological Principles ◽  
The Cost

Throughout their existence, civilized peoples have been turning their environment into desert. The causes of desertification are well known—overgrazing, the felling of trees for fuel, and bad agricultural practices. Their effects are apparent in disasters such as the Sahel drought and recent famines in Ethiopia, the Sudan, and elsewhere. The population explosion enhances the extent of the environmental degradation. More agricultural land is currently being lost through salinization and waterlogging than is being created by new irrigation schemes, but this is only part of a problem that faces all tropical third-world countries and for which multinational organizations and the affluent nations of temperate regions are, regrettably and often unknowingly, largely responsible.Because the poorer countries receive, for their agricultural products, cash of which the market value does not take into account the cost to the environment of overexploiting the land, they are apparently doomed to a vicious circle of increasing poverty, deprivation, and famine. Yet it is not beyond the abilities of civilization to devise a viable scheme, based upon sound ecological principles, by which the quality of life of desert peoples could be immeasurably improved. Instead of trying to change the land to make it conform to present economic and political expectations, development should be adapted to exploit the potentialities of the environment as it exists. Such a scheme, profiting from the diversity of microenvironments that occur in desert regions, would encompass multiple land-use and the development of numerous small agricultural and other projects—rather than the large-scale schemes hitherto initiated in fragile environments, and which have so often led to large-scale disaster. By adopting it, the world would simultaneously be made both more stable and more productive for the benefit of all its inhabitants.

scholarly journals Socio-spatial conflicts caused by an unfavourable rural structure and out-of-date Land and Property Register

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Głowacka ◽  
Tomasz Noszczyk ◽  
Jarosław Taszakowski ◽  
Józef Hernik
Keyword(s):  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
Spatial Relations ◽  
Land Consolidation ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Small Surface ◽  
Conflict Situations

AbstractThis article addresses the issue of conflict situations caused by an out-of-date Land and Property Register (LPR) and the disadvantageous structure of rural areas in southern Poland. In this part of the country, holdings are very fragmented and scattered, made up of a large number of small surface area plots located far from the headquarters of the holding. The aim of the article is to present actions that can help improve rural spatial structure and validity of the land register. The authors have, therefore, analysed the problems that may result in both spatial and social conflicts. The following were analysed in particular: discrepancies between data in the LPR and the existing factual state, plots without access to public roads, property ownership structure, the necessity to regulate property boundaries, and problems with the procedure for taking land out of agricultural production. The article presents both positive and negative effects of the land consolidation and exchange process, modernisation of the Land and Property Register, and their impact on socio-spatial conflicts. Its results indicated that the land consolidation procedure and LPR modernisation have a significant impact on socio-spatial relations in rural areas. It has been found that despite the fact that both these activities may give rise to new disputes in addition to resolving conflicts, the overall balance is positive. It is because more positive aspects of these actions were found than negative consequences.

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