scholarly journals Iberian Studies: The Growth of a Field of Study and Its Contributions to Peninsular Identity Debates

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
César Rina Simón
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Exponential Growth ◽  
Literary Studies ◽  
Cultural Relations ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
The Past ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Iberian Studies ◽  
National Borders

Iberian Studies have experienced an exponential growth over the past decade and have inspired research and academic debates about cultural relations in the Iberian peninsula. The impetus for literary studies has permeated in other areas, such as historiography, which has focused on Iberisms as a centrifugal alternative approach to State identities. Additionally, in relation to Anthropology, the study of ‘borders’ have raised the contingent and porous nature of national borders. These themes are addressed in the work titled Iberian Studies: Reflections Across Borders and Disciplines (ed. by N. Codina Solà and T. Pinheiro, 2019).

Aftershocks

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seva Gunitsky
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Regime Change ◽  
International System ◽  
Political Legitimacy ◽  
Great Powers ◽  
Past Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sudden Rise ◽  
The World ◽  
National Borders

Over the past century, democracy spread around the world in turbulent bursts of change, sweeping across national borders in dramatic cascades of revolution and reform. This book offers a new global-oriented explanation for this wavelike spread and retreat—not only of democracy but also of its twentieth-century rivals, fascism, and communism. The book argues that waves of regime change are driven by the aftermath of cataclysmic disruptions to the international system. These hegemonic shocks, marked by the sudden rise and fall of great powers, have been essential and often-neglected drivers of domestic transformations. Though rare and fleeting, they not only repeatedly alter the global hierarchy of powerful states but also create unique and powerful opportunities for sweeping national reforms—by triggering military impositions, swiftly changing the incentives of domestic actors, or transforming the basis of political legitimacy itself. As a result, the evolution of modern regimes cannot be fully understood without examining the consequences of clashes between great powers, which repeatedly—and often unsuccessfully—sought to cajole, inspire, and intimidate other states into joining their camps.

THE ROLE OF THAI PEOPLE IN VIETNAM – LAO TRADITIONAL FRIENDSHIP

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pham Van Loi
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Border Crossing ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Thai People ◽  
Northwest Region ◽  
Coherent Relationship ◽  
National Borders

Vietnam - Laos has more than 2,000 km of common national borders. The coherent relationship between the two nations and the inhabitants of the two countries has been formed and fostered in history and especially developed over the past 7 decades. The Thai ethnic group in Vietnam has over one million people, residing permanently, concentrated in the Northwest region, the region consists of 8 provinces, of which 4 provinces have the Vietnam-Laos border crossing. This paper focuses on clarifying the practical basis for the Thai people to play a role in the traditional Vietnam-Laos friendship and propose some solutions to promote the role of Thai in maintaining, developing the traditional friendship between Vietnam and Laos, now and in the future.

Nowcasting with Data Assimilation: A Case of Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 1409-1416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigenori Otsuka ◽  
Shunji Kotsuki ◽  
Takemasa Miyoshi
Keyword(s):  
Data Assimilation ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Motion Vectors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Variational Techniques ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter ◽  
Global Precipitation ◽  
Time Extrapolation ◽  
Satellite Mapping

Abstract Space–time extrapolation is a key technique in precipitation nowcasting. Motions of patterns are estimated using two or more consecutive images, and the patterns are extrapolated in space and time to obtain their future patterns. Applying space–time extrapolation to satellite-based global precipitation data will provide valuable information for regions where ground-based precipitation nowcasts are not available. However, this technique is sensitive to the accuracy of the motion vectors, and over the past few decades, previous studies have investigated methods for obtaining reliable motion vectors such as variational techniques. In this paper, an alternative approach applying data assimilation to precipitation nowcasting is proposed. A prototype extrapolation system is implemented with the local ensemble transform Kalman filter and is tested with the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency’s Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP) product. Data assimilation successfully improved the global precipitation nowcasting with the real-case GSMaP data.

Islamic International Relations Towards a Theoretical Framework

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gubara Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
The West ◽  
The Past ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
The World

The Western originators of the multi-disciplinary social sciences and their successors, including most major Western social intellectuals, excluded religion as an explanation for the world and its affairs. They held that religion had no role to play in modern society or in rational elucidations for the way world politics or/and relations work. Expectedly, they also focused most of their studies on the West, where religion’s effect was least apparent and argued that its influence in the non-West was a primitive residue that would vanish with its modernization, the Muslim world in particular. Paradoxically, modernity has caused a resurgence or a revival of religion, including Islam. As an alternative approach to this Western-centric stance and while focusing on Islam, the paper argues that religion is not a thing of the past and that Islam has its visions of international relations between Muslim and non-Muslim states or abodes: peace, war, truce or treaty, and preaching (da’wah).

scholarly journals Historia global o las geografías del pasado. Implicaciones de la perspectiva global y geográfica en la escritura de la historia / Global History or the Geographies of the Past: Implications of a Global and Geographical Perspective in the Writing of History

2017 ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Francisco Javier Navarro Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Time Scale ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Global History ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
The Past ◽  
Longue Duree ◽  
Longue Durée ◽  
Geographical Perspective ◽  
Ultimate Purpose ◽  
Sobre Todo

ResumenLa historia global es un campo de estudios emergente. En la aproximación al pasado desde esta perspectiva, el giro territorial y la escala de la larga duración son elementos centrales, con lo que ello supone de solapamientos metodológicos y epistemológicos con otras disciplinas, sobre todo con la geografía. Esta perspectiva ofrece abundantes beneficios, pero también se deben considerar los riesgos que supone. A través de ejemplos concretos de obras escritas desde este campo, el artículo discute la vigencia de conceptos como globalización y ecúmene, pero también cuestiones metodológicas como la larga duración y el determinismo geográfico. Se pretende con ello identificar posibilidades, fortalezas y riesgos en la escritura de la historia global.Palabras claveHistoria global, geografía, territorio, larga duración, solapamientos metodológicos.AbstractGlobal history is an emergent field of study today. To apprehend the past from a global perspective, territorial turn and longue durée time scale become pivotal concepts, with the corresponding methodologic and epistemological overlaps with other disciplines, especially geography. Many benefits can be obtained from this perspective, but there are also risks that need to be considered. Through specific examples of works written from this field, this article examines the validity of concepts of globalization and ecumene, and discusses methodologic aspects related to the longue durée and geographic determinism. The ultimate purpose of it is to identify possibilities, strengths and risks in the writing of global history.Key WordsGlobal history, geography, territory, longue durée, methodologic overlaps.

scholarly journals European Digital memories in a transnational era. The references from the European Observatory on Memories

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 018
Author(s):  
Jordi Guixé i Coromines
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Exponential Growth ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
The Past ◽  
Intangible Heritage ◽  
Recovery Effort ◽  
Private Support ◽  
Institutional Initiatives

This essay takes up the question of transmission in the context of politics and projects of memory from the last decade. I have dubbed this period “the decade of memory, of remembrance”. The first decade of the 21st century saw an exponential growth in digital platforms, focused on catastrophes and conflicts in the previous century as well as more recent events. Public, academic, and institutional initiatives were accompanied by a public and private support to recover the memory of the past in Spain and Europe. This recovery effort placed intangible heritage, and memory at the centre of contemporary historical efforts. Our work and references are analysed from the projects of the European Observatory on Memories (EUROM) criteria, objectives but also technical tools.

scholarly journals Adaptations in anesthesiology residency programs amid the COVID-19 pandemic: virtual approaches to applicant recruitment

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Donaldson C. Lee ◽  
Alexander M. Kofskey ◽  
Nikhi P. Singh ◽  
Timothy W. King ◽  
Paul D. Piennette
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Exponential Growth ◽  
Personal Contact ◽  
Residency Programs ◽  
The Past ◽  
Application Service ◽  
Residency Recruitment ◽  
Social Media Presence ◽  
Virtual Events

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted residency recruitment in 2020, posing unique challenges for programs and applicants alike. Anesthesiology programs have adopted alternate methods of recruitment, including virtual open houses and social media, due to limiting personal contact rules implemented by AAMC. This study was undertaken to determine the frequency of virtual events hosted and social media accounts created by programs. Methods Anesthesiology residency programs and departments were examined for social media presence on Twitter, Instagram, and Facebook. Programs’ websites and social media posts were reviewed for virtual open house opportunities. Available sub-internships were collected from the Visiting Student Application Service database. Data was collected after 2020–2021 pre-interview recruitment in October 2020. Results Of 153 total anesthesiology residency programs, 96 (63%) had some form of social media presence. The platforms of choice for programs with social media accounts included Twitter (71, or 46%), Instagram (67, or 44%), and Facebook (47, or 31%). Forty of seventy-six residency-affiliated accounts were created after March 1, 2020; Instagram accounts (26 of 40) represented most of these. Most Anesthesiology programs (59%) offered virtual open houses for prospective applicants. Twitter (25%), Instagram (22%), and Facebook (8%) were used by programs to advertise these events. Conclusions Social media presence of anesthesiology residency programs has grown steadily over the past decade, with exponential growth experienced in 2020. This data suggests that anesthesiology residency programs are employing new, mostly virtual, methods to reach prospective applicants during an unprecedented application cycle amidst the COVID-19 pandemic.

Africa in a Capitalist World

1973 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Immanuel Wallerstein
Keyword(s):  
Social Control ◽  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Fairy Tale ◽  
African Studies ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
Holy Grail ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Capitalist World ◽  
Present Tense

African studies has gone through three well-known phases as a field of study. Up until 1950 or thereabouts, those studying Africa — they were not yet called Africanists — tended to concentrate almost exclusively on the capturing (or recapturing) of a description of Africa eternal: Launcelot the ethnographer in search of a holy grail of the past that was written in the present tense and was undefiled by contact and uncorrupted by civilization. What was once a myth is now a fairy tale and it would be silly to waste time tellling each other the obvious truth that fairy tales are modes of the social control and the education of children.

The Formation of a Field: Ecocriticism in America—An Interview with Cheryll Glotfelty

PMLA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 607-616
Author(s):  
Cheryll Glotfelty ◽  
Michelle Balaev
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Literary Studies ◽  
New Wave ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
English Departments ◽  
Literary Ecology ◽  
Environmental Imagination

The classic anthology the ecocriticism reader: landmarks in literary ecology (1996), edited by cheryll glotfelty and Harold Fromm, was the first of its kind to bring together an array of scholarship that focused on a relatively unrecognized field of study: ecocriticism. This singular publication was the brainchild of Glotfelty, who worked with Fromm to produce a collection that stands at the gates of our contemporary era as a harbinger of the significant criticism and curricula that would shape literary studies in English departments across the country. The Ecocriticism Reader accompanied a new wave of interest in the field as seen in contemporaneous publications such as Karl Kroeber's Ecological Literary Criticism (1994) and Lawrence Buell's The Environmental Imagination (1995).

Physical characterization of HfO2deposited on Ge substrates by MOCVD.

2004 ◽  
Vol 811 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Van Elshocht ◽  
B. Brijs ◽  
M. Caymax ◽  
T. Conard ◽  
S. De Gendt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Gate Dielectric ◽  
Substrate Material ◽  
Silicon Substrates ◽  
Enabling Technology ◽  
The Past ◽  
High K ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Made In

ABSTRACTGermanium is because of its intrinsically higher mobility than Si, currently under consideration as an alternative approach to improve transistor performance. Germanium oxide, however, is thermodynamically unstable, preventing formation of the gate dielectric by simple oxidation. At present, high-k dielectrics might be considered as an enabling technology as much progress has been made in the deposition of thin high-quality layers.In this paper, we study the growth and physical properties of HfO2 deposited on Ge by MOCVD, using TDEAH and O2 as precursors, and compare the results to similar layers deposited on silicon substrates. Our results show that the physical properties of MOCVD-deposited HfO2 layers on Ge are very similar to what we have observed in the past for Si. Unfortunately, some of the negative aspects observed for Si, such as diffusion of substrate material in the high-k layer, a low density for thinner layers, or a rough top surface, are also observed for the case of Ge. However, careful surface pretreatments such as NH3 annealing the Ge substrate prior to deposition, can greatly improve the physical properties. An important observation is the very thin interfacial layer between HfO2 and Ge substrate, allowing a more aggressive scaling for Ge.

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