scholarly journals Protein Separation Using Fly-ash Microfiltration Ceramic Membrane

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Vandana Gupta ◽  
Anandkumar J
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Chemical Stability ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Operating Parameter ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Average Pore Radius ◽  
Bsa Rejection

In this study, separation of protein (bovine serum albumin (BSA)) was carried out by ceramic microfiltration membranes. Ceramic membranes were fabricated by using fly-ash with different proportion (2-8 wt%) of fuller clay and fraction (20 wt%) of inorganic additives. Synthesized ceramic membranes were characterized using scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction analysis, mechanical-chemical stability, porosity and pure water flux. It was observed that the mechanical and chemical stability of ceramic membrane increases with increase in fuller clay’s content. Ceramic membrane with 8% fuller clay (C4) exhibited maximum flexural strength of 20 MPa. C4 membrane also shows least porosity of 29.9%, permeability of 0.397 L m-2h-1kPa-1, 20.15% water uptake capacity and 0.428 μm average pore radius. The BSA rejection efficiency of C4 membrane was studied for different operating parameter such as feed concentration (200-1000 mg/L), feed pH (2-10) and applied pressure (68-482 kPa). Maximum BSA rejection (82%) and flux (81 L m-2 h-1) has been observed at optimized condition (208 kPa, natural pH and 200 mg/L concentration). The results obtained in this work indicate that synthesized membrane could be used as proficient microfiltration membrane for protein rejection applications.

scholarly journals Enhanced Performance of Fly Ash-Based Supports for Low-Cost Ceramic Membranes with the Addition of Bauxite

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 711
Author(s):  
Wan Fan ◽  
Dong Zou ◽  
Jingrui Xu ◽  
Xianfu Chen ◽  
Minghui Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Mullite Phase ◽  
Optimum Balance

Support is a necessary foundation for ceramic membranes to achieve high performance. Finding the optimum balance between high performance and low cost is still a significant challenge in the fabrication of ceramic supports. In this study, low-cost fly ash-based ceramic supports with enhanced performance were prepared by the addition of bauxite. The pore structure, mechanical strength, and shrinkage of fly ash/bauxite supports could be tuned by optimizing the bauxite content and sintering temperature. When the sintering temperature and bauxite content were controlled at 1300 °C and 40 wt%, respectively, the obtained membrane supports exhibited a high pure water permeance of approximately 5.36 m3·m−2·h−1·bar−1 and a high bending strength of approximately 69.6 MPa. At the same time, the optimized ceramic supports presented a typical mullite phase and excellent resistance to acid and alkali. This work provides a potential route for the preparation of ceramic membrane supports with characteristics of low cost and high performance.

scholarly journals Fabrication, Optimization, and Performance of a TiO2 Coated Bentonite Membrane for Produced Water Treatment: Effect of Grafting Time

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 739
Author(s):  
Mohamad Izrin Mohamad Esham ◽  
Abdul Latif Ahmad ◽  
Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman
Keyword(s):  
Produced Water ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Pure Water Flux ◽  
And Performance

The main problem usually faced by commercial ceramic membranes in the treatment of produced water (PW) is low water flux even though ceramic membrane was well-known with their excellent mechanical, thermal, and chemical properties. In the process of minimizing the problem faced by commercial ceramic membranes, titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanocomposites, which synthesized via a sol-gel method, were deposited on the active layer of the hydrolysed bentonite membrane. This paper studied the influence of grafting time of TiO2 nanocomposite on the properties and performance of the coated bentonite membranes. Several characterizations, which are Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), contact angle, porosity, and average pore size, were applied to both pristine and coated bentonite membranes to compare the properties of the membranes. The deposition of TiO2 nanoparticles on the surface of the coated bentonite membranes was successfully confirmed by the characterization results. The pure water flux performance showed an increment from 262.29 L h−1 m−² bar−1 (pristine bentonite membrane) to 337.05 L h−1 m−² bar−1 (Ti-Ben 30) and 438.33 L h−1 m−² bar−1 (Ti-Ben 60) as the grafting time increase but when the grafting time reached 90 min (Ti-Ben 90), the pure water flux was decreased to 214.22 L h−1 m−² bar−1 which is lower than the pristine membrane. The oil rejection performance also revealed an increase in the oil rejection performance from 95 to 99%. These findings can be a good example to further studies and exploit the advantages of modified ceramic membranes in PW treatment.

scholarly journals Phenol Removal by Novel Choline Chloride Blended Cellulose Acetate-Fly Ash Composite Membrane

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-123
Author(s):  
Vandana Gupta ◽  
Chathurappan Raja ◽  
Jayapal Anandkumar
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Composite Membrane ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Phenol Removal ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Average Pore Radius

A novel composite membrane (CM) was prepared by coating choline chloride (ChCl) blended cellulose acetate (CA) on fly-ash based ceramic substrate for phenol removal. Different amount (0-1 g) of ChCl was blended with CA to synthesize various CMs. Amount of ChCl in CA increases the contact angle, average pore radius, permeability of CM from 55.15° to 71.55°, 1.6 to 6.83 nm and 0.0057 to 0.0152 L·m−2·h−1·kPa−1, respectively. Phenol rejection increased from 56 to 93 % while increasing ChCl amount in CA. Phenol removal decreased from 94.26-64.23 % and 91.09-78.62 % with increase in applied pressure (69-483 kPa) and feed concentration (50-200 mg·L−1). However, removal rate increased from 80.46-92.47 % with increase in pH 2-12. Among all CMs, CC5 is identified as best CM with maximum phenol removal efficiency (92.7 %) and flux (1.86 L·m−2·h−1) at 207 kPa applied pressure and 100 mg·L−1 of feed phenol concentration. The obtained results reveal that blending of 0.9 % ChCl with CA can significantly enhances the phenol removal efficiency and this could be used as potential CM for treatment of phenol bearing wastewater.

Ceramic Membrane Made of Alumina Synthesized by Pechini Method for Application in Microfiltration Processes

2015 ◽  
Vol 820 ◽  
pp. 79-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirele Costa da Silva ◽  
Francisco Nilson da Silva ◽  
Hélio de Lucena Lira ◽  
Normanda Lino de Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Total Mass ◽  
Pore Diameter ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Pechini Method ◽  
Mercury Porosimetry ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Total Mass Loss ◽  
Alpha Alumina

Given the diversity of areas in which applications of ceramic membranes are included, the literature has shown great interest of researchers to obtain these materials with powders synthesized by different chemical methods. Thus, this work aims at the synthesis of alumina by Pechini method, the 2:1 ratio of citric acid: metal cations, calcined to 1100°C, to obtain membranes. The synthesized powders were characterized by thermal analysis, XRD and particle size distribution, since the membranes were characterized by SEM and mercury porosimetry. The results for the obtained powders showed total mass loss of 61.60%, an alpha-alumina phase with crystallite size of 45.2 nm. As for the membranes, these showed heterogeneously distributed particles with different sizes and irregular geometry, reaching average pore diameter of 0.6 μm me 47% porosity, and thus are characterized for application in microfiltration processes.

scholarly journals Study on the preparation and properties of talcum-fly ash based ceramic membrane supports

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Cheng ◽  
Hongming Fu ◽  
Heng Zhang ◽  
Haiping Chen ◽  
Dan Gao
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Water Recovery

Abstract Ceramic membrane method for moisture recovery from flue gas of thermal power plants is of considerable interest due to its excellent selection performance and corrosion resistance. However, manufacturing costs of commercial ceramic membranes are still relatively expensive, which promotes the development of new methods of preparing low-cost ceramic membranes. In this study, a method for the preparation of porous ceramic membrane supports is proposed. Low-cost fly ash from power plants is the main material of the membrane supports, and talcum is the additive. The fabrication process of the ceramic membrane supports is described in detail. The properties of the supports were fully characterized, including surface morphology, phase composition, pore diameter distribution and porosity. Corrosion resistance and mechanical strength of the supports were measured. The obtained ceramic membrane support displays a pore size of about 5 µm and porosity of 37.8%. Furthermore, the water recovery performance of the supports under different operating conditions was experimentally studied. The experimental results show that, the recovered water flux varies with operating conditions. In the study, the maximum recovered water flux reaches 5.22 kg/(m2·h). The findings provide a guidance for the ceramic membrane supports application of water recovery from flue gas.

scholarly journals Study on the Preparation and Properties of Talcum-Fly Ash Based Ceramic Membrane Supports

Membranes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Chao Cheng ◽  
Hongming Fu ◽  
Jun Wu ◽  
Heng Zhang ◽  
Haiping Chen
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Water Recovery

Ceramic membrane method for moisture recovery from flue gas of thermal power plants is of considerable interest due to its excellent selection performance and corrosion resistance. However, manufacturing costs of commercial ceramic membranes are still relatively expensive, which promotes the development of new methods for preparing low-cost ceramic membranes. In this study, a method for the preparation of porous ceramic membrane supports is proposed. Low-cost fly ash from power plants is the main material of the membrane supports, and talcum is the additive. The fabrication process of the ceramic membrane supports is described in detail. The properties of the supports were fully characterized, including surface morphology, phase composition, pore diameter distribution, and porosity. The mechanical strength of the supports was measured. The obtained ceramic membrane supports displays a pore size of about 5 μm and porosity of 37.8%. Furthermore, the water recovery performance of the supports under different operating conditions was experimentally studied. The experimental results show that the recovered water flux varies with operating conditions. In the study, the maximum recovered water flux reaches 5.22 kg/(m2·h). The findings provide a guidance for the ceramic membrane supports application of water recovery from flue gas.

scholarly journals Study of Ceramic Membrane from Naturally Occurring-Kaolin Clays for Microfiltration Applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Bouzid Rekik ◽  
Jamel Bouaziz ◽  
Andre Deratani ◽  
Semia Beklouti
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Kaolin Clays

The focus of this work is to assess the quality of porous membranes prepared from naturally occurring kaolin clays and to evaluate the performance of tubular ceramic membranes treating integrated raw effluents from seafood industry. This material has been chosen due to its natural abundance, its non-toxicity, low cost and its valuable properties. The preparation and characterization of porous tubular ceramic membranes, using kaolin powder with and without corn starch as poreforming agent, were reported. SEM photographs indicated that the membrane surface was homogeneous. The effects of material compositions, additives and the relatively lower sintering temperature, ranging from 1100° to 1250°C, on porosity, average pore size, pore-size distribution and mechanical strength of membranes have been investigated. A correlation between microstructure and mechanical properties of membranes has been discussed. The performance of the novel ceramic membranes thus obtained was determined by evaluating both the water permeability and rejection. The obtained membrane was used to treat cuttlefish effluents generated from the conditioning seawater product industry which consumes a great amount of water. Cross-flow microfiltration was performed then, in order to reduce the turbidity and chemical oxygen demand (COD). 

Preparation and Characterization of the Tubular Ceramic Membrane of Tin Dioxide

2012 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 383-386
Author(s):  
Yun Gu ◽  
Juan Lin ◽  
Wei Qing Han ◽  
Xiao Dong Liu ◽  
Lian Jun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Tin Dioxide ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Membrane Pore ◽  
Pure Water Flux

In this work, tin dioxide was chosen to make tubular ceramic membrane. The morphology was characterized by SEM, XRD and Poremaster. The SEM analysis reveals that the distribution of membrane pore is uniform. The average pore size is 2 μm. Pure water flux is 5.26 m3Superscript text•m-2•h-1 at 0.1 Mpa. Porosity of tin dioxide membrane is 40%.

Activated Natural Zeolite Membrane for Separating Dissolved Impurities in Coconut Sap

2020 ◽  
Vol 1000 ◽  
pp. 293-302
Author(s):  
H. Aripin ◽  
Nundang Busaeri ◽  
Acep Irham Gufroni ◽  
Sliven Sabchevski
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Natural Zeolite ◽  
Pore Diameter ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Zeolite Membrane ◽  
Separation Performance ◽  
Average Pore

A ceramic membrane has been produced from a natural zeolite. A series of samples has been sintered at range temperature from room temperaure to 900°C. The influence of the sintering temperature on the specific surface area, pore diameter, and surface roughness has been investigated. It has been found that a decrease for value of the specific surface area and average pore diameter from 300°C to 900°C was attributed to a change of the crystalline structure of tridimite from partially to fully crystallized samples. The fabricated membrane has been used successfully to evaluate the separation performance during the treatment of coconut sap. The membranes have a steady state flux from 0.12 to 0.22 mL/min.cm2 at an applied pressure of 1 bar.

scholarly journals Characteristic properties of ceramic membrane derived from fly ash with different loadings and sintering temperature

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 414-420
Author(s):  
Siti Nur Afiqah Zulkifli ◽  
Azeman Mustafa ◽  
Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman ◽  
Siti Khadijah Hubadillah
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Phase Inversion ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Water Separation

Nowadays, ceramic membrane developed from wastes has gained attention, especially towards water separation applications. With abundant and high silica content of fly ash, low cost ceramic membrane was successfully prepared via phase inversion and sintering technique. Prior to both phase inversion and sintering process, ceramic suspension was prepared at different loadings, ranging from 40wt% to 50 wt% fly ash and subsequently sintered at temperature ranging from 1150°C to 1350°C. By varying fly ash content and sintering temperature, the morphology, mechanical strength and phase transformation characteristics of the prepared membrane were affected. The characterisation of prepared membrane were investigated by using scanning electron microscopy, three-point bending test, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The mechanical strength of the membrane increased with increasing fly ash loading (up to 45 %), however too much fly ash loading resulted in decrease of its mechanical strength probably due the presence of unburnt at higher fly ash contents. This unburnt carbon contributed to the vacant space during sintering process and had the tendency to increase formation of pores, simultaneously reduced its mechanical strength. In addition, the SEM results also illustrated a cross-sectional image of the membrane which had become more elastic with increasing fly ash loading and denser as sintering temperature gradually increased. In addition, increasing the fly ash loading likely discouraged the formation of desired finger-like structure. The XRD results however showed continuous presence of mullite with the increasing sintering temperature which contributed higher mechanical strength. The preliminary performance tests indicated that the optimum conditions to produce hollow fibre ceramic membrane from fly ash were at 45 wt % fly ash loading sintered at 1350°C and has a pure water flux of 131 L/m2h.

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