scholarly journals Productivity of mustachioed pea varieties depending on the nutrition background under the conditions of the eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
pp. 147-160
Author(s):  
S. I. Popov ◽  
O. M. Hlubokyi
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Organic Mineral ◽  
Rotation Scheme

The purpose of the research was to find out the effect of the main fertilization system in the crop rotation scheme on the yield and quality of seeds of moustachioed pea varieties in the Eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Materials and methods. Field studies were carried out in the period 2016–2020 in the stationary crop rotation scheme of V.Y.Yuriev Plant Production Institute of NAAS of Ukraine. The soil is powerful, poorly leached chernozem. The object of study were seven zoned varieties – Deviz, Tsarevych, Otaman, Oplot, Korvet, Haiduk and Malakhit. The experiment scheme included three backgrounds: 1 – crop rotation (without fertilizers); 2 – organic (manure aftereffect); 3 – organo-mineral (aftereffect of manure + N30P30K30 in the main application). The cultivation technology is generally accepted for the zone. The experimental results were statistically processed by the method of analysis of variance. Results and discussion. In unstable weather conditions 2016–2020 on the unfertilized background, the highest yield level was provided by the varieties Tsarevych (2.33 t/ha), Haiduk (2.28 t/ha) and Oplot (2.27 t/ha) with an excess of the standard variety Deviz by 0.19–0, 25 t/ha. Depending on the year of research, the maximum yield of these varieties varied within 3.04–3.21 t/ha, the minimum yield was 0.77–0.88 t/ha, and the range of variation was 2.27–2.38 t/ha. The productivity of the above mentioned varieties (2.75–2.77 t/ha) exceeded the standard by an average of 0.43–0.45 t/ha on the organic background, and compared with the unfertilized background, the increase in grain yield was 0.44–0.45 t / ha or 18.9–21.5 %. The highest yield (3.04–3.07 t/ha) and an increase in grain (0.77–0.84 t/ha) were provided by the varieties Tsarevych, Haiduk and Oplot on the organo-mineral background. This testifies to their good response to fertilizers and the possibility of cultivation using intensive technology. During the years of research, the maximum yield of these varieties was 4.16–4.39 t/ha, the minimum – 1.27–1.51 t/ha, and the highest range of its variation was from 2.79 t/ha to 2.89 t/ha. The smallest increase in grain on the organo-mineral background of fertilization was obtained in the varieties Malakhit and Korvet – 0.47 t/ha and 0.56 t/ha respectively. At the same time, the range of yield variation over the years was the smallest – 2.43–2.44 t/ha. The most favourable weather conditions for peas were in 2016, 2017 and 2020. Accordingly, this provided the highest level of average yield of varieties in terms of backgrounds: without fertilization – 2.70–2.72 t/ha, organic – 2.87–3.23 t/ha, organo-mineral – 3.14–3.83 t/ha. In the most unfavourable weather conditions of 2019, regardless of the nutritional background, the Tsarevych and Otaman varieties were more resistant to drought. The average yield of these varieties on the unfertilized background was 0.81 t/ha. At the same time, organic and organo-mineral nutritional backgrounds provided a significant increase in the grain – respectively 0.39 t/ha and 0.48 t/ha. Conclusions. On average for 2016–2020, the Tsarevych and Haiduk varieties were the most responsive to fertilization. The increase in grain of these varieties were consistently high – 0.44 and 0.47 t/ha on the organic background (aftereffect of manure) and 0.84 and 0.79 t/ha with the main application of N30P30K30 on the organic background respectively. On average, organic and organo-mineral fertilizer backgrounds for Tsarevych and Haiduk varieties ensured an increase in their productivity 0.38 t/ha and 0.69 t/ha respectively, with a yield under control (without fertilizers) of 2.21 t/ha. The dependence of the quality of pea grain on the variety and nutrition background was revealed. The highest protein content of grain was obtained in less productive varieties of Korvet and Malakhit with indicators, in the control of 24.09 and 23.35%, and on the organic-mineral background – 24.63% and 23.39% respectively. The possibility of the simultaneous increase in yield and protein content in the grain of the Haiduk variety has been established. The most significant gross protein harvest was obtained on the organic-mineral nutritional background in the Haiduk, Oplot and Tsarevych varieties (0.682–0.689 t/ha) with an increase of 16.8–17.8% in comparison with the standard variety Devyz. The increase in the gross yield of protein per hectare, in most varieties, depended on the level of their yield rather than on the protein content in the grain

scholarly journals Agroecological bases of optimization of formation of agrophytocenoses of agricultural crops in the Central Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

Bioenergy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V. Balahura ◽  
V. M. Balan ◽  
S. M. Tymoshenko ◽  
M. P. Volokha
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Potential Productivity ◽  
Favorable Weather

Purpose. Identify the features of growth and development of crops in ontogenesis depending on the weather conditions of the growing season and fertilizer rates and establish certain theoretical relationships. Methods. Laboratoryfield, statistical. Results. A comprehensive system of observations and assessment of crops was carried out during 2008–2017 in crop rotation in farms of Tetiiv district of Kyiv region and in SE Shevchenkivske of IBCSB NAAS of Ukraine. Crop rotation productivity is a function of the complex interaction of weather (HTC) and agrotechnical (fertilizer) factors. It is established that the potential productivity of crop rotations by 8–47% depends on the weather conditions of the growing season. The most favorable weather conditions (HTC) were in 2008 (1.1), 2010 (1.2), 2012 (1.2), and 2014 (1.8). The results of the research also showed a close relationship between crop yield and fertilizer factor. On average, over the years of research, the maximum yield of the main products was obtained with the combined use of mineral and organic fertilizers: sugar beet 40.91–43.21 t/ha, fodder beet 69.3–69.5 t/ha, corn for grain 5, 906.03 t/ha, corn for silage, 60.0 62.3 t/ha. Conclusions. To create highly productive agrophytocenoses of agricultural crops, it is necessary to reach the parameters of optimal density, which contributes to the maximum biological productivity of plants in the system ‘hydrothermal conditions–plants–components of technology’.

Productivity and quality of soybean seeds with different fertilization on podzolized chernozem

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (97) ◽  
pp. 136-144
Author(s):  
H.M. Hospodarenko ◽  
◽  
I.V. Prokopchuk ◽  
K. P. Leonova ◽  
V.P. Boyko
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Different Doses

The productivity of agricultural crops is the most variable and integral indicator of their vital activity, which accumulates their genetic potential, soil fertility, weather conditions and components of agricultural technology. Soybean under optimal growing conditions (the reaction of the soil is close to neutral, sufficient phosphorus and potassium nutrition, the use of nitraginization) assimilates from the air about 70 % of the total nitrogen requirement. Therefore, it is believed that it is enough to apply only a starting dose of nitrogen fertilizers (20–40 kg/ha a. s.), to get a high yield with good indicators of grain quality. The results of studies of the influence of long-term (8 years) application of different doses and ratios of fertilizers in field crop rotation on podzolized chernozem in the conditions of the Right -Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine on the yield and quality of soybean seeds preceded by spring barley were presented. It was found that crop yields could be increased by 18–77 % owing to different doses, ratios and types of fertilizers. The highest indicators of seed yields for three years of the research (3,02 t/ha) were obtained under the application of mineral fertilizers at a dose of N110P60K80 per 1 ha of crop rotation area, including under soybean – N60P60K60. Exclusion of the nitrogen component from the complete fertilizer (N60P60K60) reduced its yield by 26 %, phosphorus – by 17, and potassium by 11 %. There was no significant decrease in soybean yield in the variant of the experiment with a decrease in the proportion of potassium in the composition of complete mineral fertilizer (N60P60K30) for three years of study. The largest mass of 1000 soybean seeds was formed at doses of N60К60 fertilizers, and their protein content — under the application of complete mineral fertilizer in doses of N60P60K60 and N60P60K30.

INFLUENCE OF ENCAPSULATED UREA ON PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF EARLY RIPE POTATO TUBERS IN THE NORTHERN FOREST-STEPPE OF TYUMEN REGION

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Natural Fertility ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Northern Forest ◽  
Control Option ◽  
Increase In Productivity

Introduction of complex mineral fertilizer of an azofoska in combination with ammonium nitrate and urea to early ripe potatoes of Zhukovsky and Red Scarlett variety on the planned productivity of 40 t/hectare has allowed to achieve a goal. At the same time in control option without fertilizers the productivity was 23,2-24,8 t/hectare. Use of encapsulated urea has led to decrease in productivity and level of profitability by 26,3-30,9%. Early ripe potatoes of Zhukovsky and Red Scarlett variety on natural fertility of the chernozem leached in the northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen region have created average yield of 23,2-24,8 t/hectare for years of researches. Use of complex mineral fertilizer of an azofoska in combination with ammonium nitrate and urea on the planned productivity of 40 t/hectare has led to increase in productivity on the first variety to 39,5 on the second variety up to 41,4 t/hectare. Introduction of the encapsulated urea has led to decrease in productivity of the early ripe potato tubers studied. At the same time, the peel was gentle and when cleaning it was strongly injured. As to the content of starch (11,9-12,6%) at both varieties the big difference between ex-perience options isn't revealed. The similar picture was observed also according to tastes of tubers. It has made 3,2-3,5 points at Zhukovsky variety and 3,4-3,7 points at Red Scarlett's variety. Profitability level in con-trol option at Zhukovsky variety was 157,3%, at Red Scarlett's variety – 140,5%. In options with non-encapsulated ammonium nitrate and urea the first variety got 172,6-184,1%, second variety – 190,4-207,2%. In option with encapsulated urea at varieties under study the profitability level has decreased 26,3-30,9.

scholarly journals Impact of foliar fertilizing on the white mustard productivity in the northeastern Forest-Steppe of Ukaraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
A.V. Melnyk ◽  
S.V. Zherdetska ◽  
Shahid Ali ◽  
Gulam Shabir ◽  
S.O. Butenko
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
White Mustard ◽  
Production Complex ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Training Research

The experimental studies were carried out on the fields of the Sumy NAU Training Research and Production Complex (TRPC) during 2016–2018.The soil of the experimental plot is typical deep-medium humus, large-dusty and medium-loam black soil on forest trees. The subject of the research was a white mustard variety of Oslava created at the Institute of Feed and Agriculture of the Podillya NAASU, entered in the Register of varieties suitable for cultivation in Ukraine in 2010. The aim of the research is to optimize the nutrition of the white mustard variety of Oslava through the complex application of mineral fertilizers and foliar fertilization under the conditions of the northeastern forest-steppe of Ukraine. The analysis of weather conditions, in particular the hydrothermal coefficient of Selyaninov (HTC), established that 2016 season was wet (HTC = 1.60), 2017 and 2018 were dry (HTC = 0.59 and 0.46). During the research, the cultivation technology was generally accepted in the experimental area, except for the elements studied. The results of the three-year study on the influence of foliar fertilizing under different mineral nutrition backgrounds on the yield of the white mustard variety Oslava are presented. It was found that the application of mineral fertilizers and complex fertilizers for the foliar feeding had a positive effect on the morphometric parameters of the white mustard, in particular, increased the plant height and the number of branches of the first order. The use of mineral fertilizers at the rate of N30P30K30 provided an increase in the yield by 0.34 t/ha, N60P60K60 – by 0.55 t/ha, N90P90K90 – by 0.61 t/ha on an average compared to the control. Therefore, for the maximum yield (2.14–2.21 t/ha) with a mass of 1000 seeds (5.39–5.54 g) of the white mustard under the conditions of the Northeastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, foliar fertilizing of Vuxal boron (3.0 l/ha) + Vuxal bioaminoplant 3.0 l/ha) and Spectrum B + Mo (2.0 l/ha) + Spectrum Ascorist (3.0 l/ha) should be applied on the background of N60-90P60-90K60-90, what provided an increase in the yield compared to the control of 0.58-0.65 t/ha.

scholarly journals ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF FIELD CROP ROTATION IN OPTIMIZATION OF OF SOWING AREAS STRUCTURE

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
Валерий Чибис ◽  
Valeriy Chibis ◽  
Светлана Чибис ◽  
Svetlana Chibis ◽  
Илья Кутышев ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Field Crop ◽  
Oil Crops

In a long-term places, located on the experimental fields of Siberian Research Institute of Agriculture (Omsk), the schemes of field crop rotations were modernized by introducing oil crops (rapeseed, soybean) into rotation and replacing the repeated wheat crops with barley and oats. Accounting of grain crops productivity and accompanying observations were carried out in three field rotations of different lengths of rotation (four- and five-field) and on permanent sowing. The repetition of the experiments is fourfold. The system of agrotechnical measures recommended for the zone of the forest-steppe of Western Siberia was applied. The study of predecessors in the cultivation of crops for various purposes was carried out in field experiments using conventional methods. The humus content for rotation in the soil layer of 0-40 cm increased by 0.19% in the crop rotation “rapeseed - wheat spring wheat - barley - soybean - spring wheat”. The largest accumulation of humus (0.83%) was in the rotation “soybean - spring wheat - barley – oats”. During the years of research wheat productivity varied from 0.82 to 2.22 tons per hectare. Wheat was the first crop in all its predecessors to form grains, on average, by 0.3-0.5 tons per hectare, than the second crop. The yield of soybeans in the crop rotation was 1.23-1.78 tons per hectare. The productivity of rapeseed was low, its productivity over the years was 1.31 tons per hectare. Grain-fodder crops (barley, oats) averaged 0.4-0.6 tons per hectare, higher than the spring wheat productivity in the alternating rotation. The maximum yield of grain from a hectare of arable land was noted in the crop-steam rotation and amounted to 1.7 tons. An increase in the yield of feed-protein units was observed in crop rotations saturated with oil crops (rapeseed and soybean) and amounted to 3.4-4.0 tons per hectare. The economic calculation showed that the cultivation of field crops in the rotational crop rotation of “soybean - wheat - barley – oats” increased profitability by 44%, net income - by half, in comparison with the control variant. The obtained materials can be used to develop schemes of field crop rotations for the zone of the forest-steppe of Western Siberia.

scholarly journals Nova Bosanka: New variety of winter wheat

Genetika ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 569-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragan Mandic ◽  
Goran Djurasinovic ◽  
Bojana Savic ◽  
Senad Kikic
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Good Resistance ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Technological Quality

Highly yielding, early maturing, excellent technological quality, resistent to lodging, optimal seed size, good resistance to plant diseases. New variety of winter wheat under the name Nova Bosanka was created by crossing the genetically divergent parents. According to overall three-year average, the variety Nova Bosanka achieved an average yield of 6.918 kg ha-1 which is 479,3 kg or 7,45% more than the values of standard variety Tina. Three-year average of protein content was 12,8%, water apsorption 59%, energy of dough 100 cm2, belongs to B1 - quality group. By the trait of resistance to lodging variety is at the level of standard.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of winter wheat cultivation in adaptive crop rotation on chernozem typical

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 01007
Author(s):  
Ivan Prushchik ◽  
Svetlana Khlupina
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Atmospheric Precipitation ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Typical Chernozem ◽  
Wheat Cultivation

The paper presents the results of research to assess the efficiency of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivation in adaptive crop rotations on typical chernozem. The crop yield have analyzed for three different crop rotations (grain-fallow, grain-grass-row, and grain-grass) in comparison with a monoculture on a stationary multifactorial field experiment on physical modeling of the farming system of the FSBSI “Kursk FARC” (Kursk region, Medvensky district). It was determined that the maximum yield was obtained in grain-and-row crop rotation; on average, over three years of research, the increase in it was 1.71 t/ha. Statistical data processing has carried out and correlations between the weather conditions of the year and the yield of winter wheat has revealed. Thus, a moderate direct relationship (r = 0.65) was established with atmospheric precipitation, and a moderate inverse relationship with the sum of effective temperatures (r = 0.58). Indicators of economic efficiency of winter wheat cultivation have calculated, both for monoculture and for three types of crop rotations. The lowest cost of winter wheat grain – 5926.94 t/ha – was recorded in grain-fallow crop rotation, which provided the highest net income of 12056.26 and the highest profitability among all options – 68.72%.

YIELD CAPACITY AND QUALITY OF SOYBEAN SEEDS WHEN APPLYING SENICCATION AND DESICCATION UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF LEFT-BANK FOREST-STEPPE OF UKRAINE

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Романько ◽  
Yuriy Romanko ◽  
Мельник ◽  
Andrey Melnik
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Urea Solution ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Yield Capacity

The research purpose was to identify high-quality variety features of formation of yield capacity and quality of soybean seeds when applying seniccation and desiccation in the Left-bank forest-steppe of Ukraine. The research subject is Anna, Romance, Vasilkovskaya varieties of soybean, the elements of technology of cultivation (desiccation and seniccation), yield capacity and quality of seeds. The experiment was carried out according to the two-factor scheme in a 4-times repeat at the Institute of Agriculture of the Northeast of NAAS of Ukraine. The research results showed that the duration of vegetation was influenced both by varietal characteristics and the application of desiccation and seniccation. On average, the smallest period from the growing phase to the full ripeness was stated on the variant with Reglon Super 2.0 l/ga and Basta 2.0 l/ga desiccation (36-37 days). The maximum level of yield capacity on the average in 2007-2009 was obtained from Vasilkovskaya variety – 2.50 t/ga. Annushka variety provided significantly lower yields (2.0 t/ha), as it was proved by the calculated NSR05. In terms of yield capacity Romantika variety took an intermediate position of 2.38 t/ga. On the variants with the application of seniccation and desiccation a positive trend of their influence on the yield capacity of soybean seeds in all studied varieties was stated. So, on average, an increase of yield capacity was stated when applying: seniccation 5.0% solution of ammonium nitrate per 0.38 t/ga; 8.0% solution of urea per 0.45 t/ga; Reglon Super 2.0 l/ga per 0.24 t/ga; Basta 2.0 l/ga 0.3 t/ga as compared to the control. Application of seniccation favored the increase of protein content: urea solution by 0.7%; solution of ammonium nitrate by 0.5% compared to the control. On the variants of desiccation the protein content was at (33.9-34.1%). Oil content of the seed of studied varieties ranged from 20.0 to 24.1%.

scholarly journals Productivity and quality of grains of tritikale varieties at various quantities of mineral nutrition

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-352
Author(s):  
Dragana Lalevic ◽  
Milan Biberdzic ◽  
Zoran Ilic ◽  
Lidija Milenkovic ◽  
Jelena Stojiljkovic
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Winter Triticale ◽  
The North ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Selection Of

This paper presents the influence of varieties and different doses of applied nitrogen on grain yield and protein content of triticale. The experiment was set in the period from 2010 to 2012 in the north of Montenegro, in the vicinity of Bijelo Polje. The research included 5 varieties of winter triticale (Odyssey, Kg-20, Triumph, Rtanj and Tango) originating from different breeding houses and the following varieties of fertilization: control (without fertilization), only nitrogen in the amount of 60 kg ha-1 and nitrogen in the amount of 60 and 90 kg ha-1 in combination with the same amount of phosphorus and potassium (80 kg ha-1). The results of the study showed that the lowest average grain yield was obtained in the non-fertilizing variant - control. The use of fertilizers in all tested varieties has led to a very significant increase in yield in all variants compared to control. The Kg-20 variety had the lowest average yield, and the Tango variety had the highest. The highest average protein content was achieved in the fertilizer variant where only nitrogen was used in the amount of 60 kg ha-1. Among the researched varieties, the Triumph variety had the highest protein content in the grains. The data on the achieved yields and the content of protein in grains, depending on the variety and the used doses of fertilizer, indicate the characteristics of individual varieties and can serve as a criterion for the selection of the most suitable variety for certain agroecological conditions. This is particularly important for cattle-oriented farms, where the main priority is to ensure a sufficient amount of quality food.

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