scholarly journals WAYS OF ACTUALIZATION OF NATIONAL PERCEPTION OBJECTS OF ARCHITECTURE

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
K.O. KOMAROV ◽  
M.O. KOMAROV
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
General Level ◽  
General Context ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Architectural Knowledge ◽  
To Receive ◽  
General Semantic

 Problem statement. Today in Ukraine the mechanisms of public influence on decision-making regarding the development of urban ensembles and cities in general continue to be formed. At the same time, the level of education of ordinary citizens in current trends in architecture, design and urban planning remains quite low. This affects the general semantic state of the architectural content of cities and results in a literal repetition of the visual forms of the XIX century in modern buildings, especially in the central (historical) parts of Ukrainian cities. According to the hypothesis of this research, the solution to this problem is in the creation of a system of free basic architectural education at several different levels. Purpose of the article. The main purpose of this work is to determine ways to update the perception of architectural objects by residents of Ukrainian cities. The objectives of the study are the analysis of publicly available methods of obtaining basic architectural and urban education and their classification, the definition of rational means to increase the general level of awareness in the field of architecture and urban planning. Conclusion. Due to the extraordinary breadth and heterogeneity of the population of large cities of Ukraine, achieving a global departure from inauthentic and irrelevant architectural and urban principles and update the national perception of architectural objects and architecture in general is possible only through introducing a set of actions aimed at a specific target audience (TA). In this study, in order to simplify, only four basic TAs are identified, but in further developments they need to be detailed more to achieve a better actual result. In the general context, the most important will be TA1 (students) − an audience that can begin to receive basic architectural knowledge, sufficient enough to understand the main trends in architecture and urban planning.

scholarly journals THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE DEFINITION OF THE LAND MONITORING

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (156) ◽  
pp. 135-139
Author(s):  
K. Vyatkin
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Suburban Area ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Definition Of

The purpose of the article is to substantiate the theoretical and methodological provisions for determining the role of the suburban area in the development of urban processes in modern socio-economic conditions. The article considers some aspects of social, economic, spatial and ecological development of suburban areas in the context of their use as factors in solving problems of urban development. Prospects for the development of subur-ban areas as a basis for the formation of suburbanization processes are determined. The paper defines the concept of "suburban area" taking into account the processes of urbanization. It is stated that this definition should be comprehensive, and not just take into account the location of the territory near the city. Identified current issues of urban development of large cities, allowed us to conclude about the relevance of suburbanization. The benefits of suburbanization processes were assessed by highlighting the "strengths" of suburban areas to ensure attractive-ness among the population, and also identified the shortcomings of suburban development processes that inhibit suburbanization processes. Having analyzed the prospects for the development of suburbanization processes, their role in ensuring the sustainable development of urban processes is significant. Keywords: suburban zone, suburbanization, theoretical and methodological approaches, urban planning, urban planning, urbanized systems, development of territories, urban planning factors.

CRYPTOCURRENCY PHENOMENON IN THE INTERNATIONAL MONETARY SYSTEM

2017 ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
Артур Анатолійович Василенко
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
International Monetary System ◽  
State University ◽  
Electronic Money ◽  
Monetary System ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
The World ◽  
Post Graduate Student ◽  
The One ◽  
Xix Century

UDC 336.74   Vasylenko Artur, post-graduate student. Mariupol State University. Cryptocurrency Phenomenon in the International Monetary System. The main prerequisites of cryptocurrency emergence in the international monetary system in terms of regionalization of the world economy are defined in the article. Determination of «cryptocurrency» category was analysed from the point of two main approaches to its treatment: on the one hand cryptocurrency is admitted to be the currency equally to the sovereign currency, and on the other hand it is considered as an unrecognized virtual asset. The main consequences which arise in case of widespread use of crypto currency for the country and for the parties that agreed to use cryptocurrency were analysed and systematized. On the basis of the research, given the current trends in the world economy, the author put forward and substantiated the hypothesis to classify the phenomenon of cryptocurrency as the effects of a famous philosophical «Negation of negation law» formulated by G. Hegel at the beginning of the XIX century.   Keywords: cryptocurrency, material money, electronic money, digital currency, regional currency integration, blockchain, mining, capitalization, «Negation of negation law».

THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE JUDICIAL DEFINITION OF MATERIALITY

1990 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
LuAnn Bean ◽  
Deborah W. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Court Cases ◽  
Accounting Profession ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Over Time

Determining what should be considered a material item has been a problem for both the accounting profession and the courts. By reviewing the court cases involving the issue of materiality, the authors have determined where differences in the materiality standard as applied by the courts exist. The judicial definition of materiality has developed over time, and current trends with important variations are observed. Based upon the authors' analysis, the following judicial definition of materiality, with its possible variations, is suggested: Would the reasonable (or speculative) investor (or layman) consider important (or be influenced by) this information in determining his course of action?

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Walker
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Formative Period ◽  
Classical Architecture ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Architectural Knowledge

The Introduction uses a major source from the beginning of the period—Sir Christopher Wren’s Letter from Paris of 1665—to introduce the key themes of the book. In particular, the Introduction discusses the recourse to an intellectual-historical method in order to rethink major themes in English architectural culture at the time. It also explains the makeup of architectural knowledge in the period and justifies the book’s focus on aesthetic knowledge rather than practical. Finally, it uses seventeenth-century sources to formulate an appropriate definition of classical architecture (on which this book is exclusively focused). The Introduction concludes with a summary of the ensuing chapters and a proposition that architecture was among the most serious and important of all intellectual pursuits in a formative period in English intellectual history.

Liability of minors in russian criminal law practice XVIII — first half of XIX century

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (12-3) ◽  
pp. 242-249
Author(s):  
Alexander Sergeev ◽  
Ekaterina Bratukhina ◽  
Irina Kushova ◽  
Dmitriy Ovsyukov
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Historical Aspects ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article examines the historical aspects of the evolution of the legislative definition of the age of onset of criminal responsibility and the specifics of sentencing juvenile offenders in the 18th and first half of the 19th century.

scholarly journals Analysis of Leading Cities in Central Europe: Control of Regional Economy

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (16) ◽  
pp. 21-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
György Csomós
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
Science Studies ◽  
Stock Exchanges ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
A Minor ◽  
German Cities ◽  
Visegrad Group

Analysis of Leading Cities in Central Europe: Control of Regional EconomyNowadays, one of the characteristic orientations in social science studies focusing on cities is the ranking of cities, as well as the definition of the world's leading cities (world cities, global cities) on the basis of various criteria. Central European countries are given just a minor role in these researches, particularly in comparison with German cities with their considerable economic performance. This analysis compares the large cities of Austria, Germany and the countries of the Visegrád Group in terms of their role in economic leadership. To this end, the characteristic parameters have been examined: the GDP in purchasing power standards and nominal GDP of the cities, the revenues of large companies found in these cities, as well as the domestic market capitalization of the stock exchanges.

scholarly journals A Reconsideration on the Theory of Beauty: Previous Views and a New Approach Following Maslow's Theory (Part II)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iulia-Adina Lehene
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Philosophical Perspective ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Human Motivation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Concept Of Beauty

This paper is the second part of a work that aims to rethink the concept of beauty as close as possible to its essence and in a way that integrates the science of aesthetics with the field of construction. Within other theoretical and practical works, this study may be further used to physically reflect the definition of beauty in areas such as architecture, civil engineering or urban planning and support professionals in designing and building beautiful objects and constructions. However, it has to be added that the assumption that there must be a particular original aspect related to beauty that leads a human-made object to success, needs to be further identified. The approach to the concept of beauty is through a general philosophical perspective and partially through the areas mentioned above.The second part of the study includes the synthesised guidance provided by Monroe Beardsley through the theories on beauty from the nineteenth century until today. In addition, it comprises the scheme of concepts that characterised the beautiful in this time, including the lines that guided its study, previous ideas that support our later views on presented theory, and a brief exposition of Maslow's theory of human motivation followed by our theory on beauty and the conclusions.

scholarly journals A study on the history of urban morphology in China based on discourse analysis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Limeng Zhang ◽  
Andong Lu
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Urban Conservation ◽  
Morphological Approach ◽  
History Of ◽  
Urban Issues ◽  
Definition Of

A study on the history of urban morphology in China based on discourse analysis Limeng Zhang¹, Andong Lu¹ ¹School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Nanjing University. Nanjing University Hankou Road 22#, Gulou District, Nanjing, China E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Key words: urban morphology, terminology, discourse analysis Conference topics and scale: Literature review   (Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China, Grant No.: 51478215)   Urban morphology is a method widely used in China in the field of urban design and urban conservation. Since its first introduction to the Chinese context about 20 years ago, the key ideas and concepts of urban morphology underwent a significant phenomenon of ‘lost in translation’. Different origins of morphological thoughts, different versions of translation, as well as different disciplinary context, have all together led to a chaotic discourse. This paper reviews the key Chinese articles in the field of urban morphology since 1982 and draws out a group of persistent keywords, such as evolution, axis, urban fringe belt, plan unit and plot, that characterize the morphological approach to urban issues. By reviewing the transformation of the definition of these keywords, this paper aims to generate an evolutionary map of landmark ideas and concepts, based on which, four stages in the development of urban morphology in China can be identified: emergence, growth, maturity, practice. The mapping methodology could be extrapolated to other words, and the obtained evolutionary map could be a basic tool for further study.   References Conzen M. R. G.,  Alnwick, Northumberland: A Study in Town-plan Analysis [M] 1960. ( London, George Philip). J. W. R. Whitehand, and Kai Gu. ‘Urban conservation in China: Historical development, current practice and morphological approach’ [J], Town Planning Review, 2007 (5), 615-642. Duan Jin, and Qiu Guochao. 'The Emergence and Development of Overseas Urban Morphology Study' [J], Urban Planning Forum, 2008(5):34-42. M. P. Conzen, Kai Gu, J. W. R. Whitehand. Comparing traditional urban form in China and Europe: a fringe belt approach [D]. Urban Geography, 2011.

scholarly journals Formation of a Pension Allowance system for Civil Servants of the Tobolsk Province of the 19th - early 20th Centuries

2020 ◽  
pp. 484-494
Author(s):  
L. N. Suslova ◽  
I. V. Yarkova
Keyword(s):  
City Council ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Social Categories ◽  
Length Of Service ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
Poor Knowledge ◽  
Annual Salary ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Pension Payments

The article is devoted to the study of historical experience in the formation of pensions for employees of the Tobolsk province in the XIX - early XX centuries. The authors of the article associate their interest in the indicated problems with its poor knowledge, as well as the reform of pension provision in modern Russia. The source of the study was the legislative, clerical and statistical documents of the funds of the School Directorate, City Council, Tobolsk Provincial Board, Tobolsk State Chamber, Tobolsk Gymnasium, Tobolsk State Bank, Tobolsk Post and Telegraph Office, Tobolsk Notary Archive and others. The most significant of these are the lists of pensioners living in the Tobolsk province, the Tobolsk Treasury Chamber statements on pensioners, documents that fix the number and size of pensions issued and not issued, and cases regarding the assignment of pensions. The authors of the article note the absence in the period under review of a single pension provision practice for all social categories of the population. The author analyzes pension payments accrued to officials from the treasury, and funded payments from public emmeritial cash desks. It is concluded that the formation of the pension provision of civil servants can be attributed to the end of the first quarter of the XIX century. The circle of persons entitled to receive a pension is designated, the sources of pension financing are identified. It was concluded that for the provision of pensions to officials of the period under review, the dependence of the pension salary on the size of the annual salary, the rank and length of service of the civil service was characteristic.

scholarly journals UKRAINIAN REALIA OF THE XIX CENTURY AND ITS TRANSLATION (BASED ON THE POEM “KATERINA” BY TARAS SHEVCHENKO)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (16) ◽  
pp. 124-130
Author(s):  
E.I. Panchenko
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Real World ◽  
Species Replacement ◽  
Different Types ◽  
General Meaning ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Entire Array

The article is written in line with current research, since the problem of studying Ukrainian realities is of unquestionable interest for several reasons. First, understanding the realities will promote bettermutual understanding of different peoples; and secondly, the definition of optimal means of translating the realities is a definite contribution to the general theory of translation. Different types of real-world classifications are proposed, the difficulties associated with the adequate transfer into the translated text of an entire array of cultural information encoded in the realities contained in the origina text are investigated. Basing on the analysis of numerous translations of literary works, Ukrainian researchers (R. Zorivchak, V. Koptilov, O. Kundzich, O. Cherednichenko, etc.) show ways to overcome linguistic obstacles caused by cultural differences. But, as far as we know, the problem of the translation of Ukrainian realities in the works of T. Shevchenko is not yet exhaustively highlighted. The purpose of this article is to analyze the peculiarities of the use of realities in the work of Taras Shevchenko "Katerina" and their translation into English. We have given an ideographic classification of lexical units - Ukrainian realities in fiction and analyzed such means of their translation as calque, renomination, transcription with explanation, the introduction of neologism, the principle of generic-species replacement, which allows  conveying (approximately) the content of the realities by a broader, general meaning, that is, the reception of generalization. The results of our analysis allow us to make an ideographic classification of Ukrainian realities that are used in fiction, as well as to summarize the prevalence of their means of translation. Prospects for further research are seen in the analysis of certain translation failures in the translation of realities and to offer the best options for their translation.

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