scholarly journals The Phenomenon of Criticism in Authentic Marxism and its Reincarnation in Ukrainian Philosophy of the Second Half of the 1950s–Late 1980s

2021 ◽  
pp. 188-198
Author(s):  
Iryna Hrabovska ◽  
Serhii Hrabovskyi
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Period ◽  
Western Philosophy ◽  
National Discourse ◽  
Critical Potential ◽  
Mass Consciousness ◽  
Western European ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Soviet Ideology ◽  
Further Development

The article is devoted to the study of the phenomenon of criticism in the authentic Marxist work and the revival of the principles of such criticism in philosophy that existed in the USSR in the period from the second half of the 1950s to the late 1980s. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to reconsider the experience of domestic philosophy of the Soviet period, particularly in the field of criticism of Western non-Marxist and neo-Marxist philosophical theories and their impact on the ideological foundations of mass consciousness and philosophy in the USSR.V. Bilodid, A. Bychko, P. Yolon, V. Kebuladze, O. Pohorilyi, M. Popovych, V. Skurativskyi, V. Tabachkovskyi, and others were engaged in research of the specified problems. The authors of this investigation also paid attention to the issue of the so-called “Critique of Bourgeois Theories” in the context of studying the phenomenon of the Ukrainian philosophy / philosophy in the Soviet Ukraine.The purpose of this investigation is to analyze the transformation of Marxist criticism in the USSR and the influence of Western European discourses on this process, especially in the second half of the 1950s and late 1980s, as it was then that the revival of the Ukrainian philosophy occurred. This happened after the “half-decay” of Stalinism; further development of this philosophy took place on its own basis.One of the important directions of analysis is the phenomenon of criticism, in particular, of “bourgeois theories”, due to which the topical ideas of Western philosophy penetrated the humanitarian national discourse. This, in turn, allowed Ukrainian researchers to stay at least partially in the context of pan-European philosophical research, as well as to use the critical potential of the authentic Marxism to latently criticize Soviet ideology and the system as a whole.

The Theme of Repatriation of Jews from the USSR in the Soviet Media as a Manifestation of Media Propaganda in the 1970s (the Сase of the Izvestiya)

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 135-148
Author(s):  
Strovsky Dmitry L. ◽  
◽  
Antoshin Alexey V. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Editorial Policy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Mass Consciousness ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Russian Media ◽  
Soviet Ideology ◽  
Empirical Material

This article analyzes the substantive approaches used by the Soviet press when reflecting the topic of the repatriation of Jews from the USSR to Israel in the 1970s. This period is of particular importance in the course of studying information propaganda as an independent socio-political activity aimed at the formation of a certain type of mass consciousness. During this period, information propaganda of the Soviet mass media was perceived as an essential basis for strengthening ideological and political positions of the Soviet Union by leveling the complexities of its daily life. The study of how exactly these media promoted the topic of repatriation seems to be new in the study of the information space. The disclosure of this topic through the use of extensive empirical material enables to see the patterns of development of this space at the final stage of the Soviet period, which in turn, determines the relevance of the study in modern conditions, when manipulative priorities anew have become noticeable in the practice of the Russian media. The authors envisage the editorial policy of such an influential central newspaper as Izvestia. This publication, like all the other Soviet media, was attached to propaganda priorities, which predetermined manipulative approaches when covering the topic of repatriation. In order to determine the main trends of manipulative influence, we used structural-functional and systemic methods, as well as a method of content analysis, which together afford to see the patterns of development of the Soviet print media in the disclosure of the topic presented in the title of this article. The results of the research are not only theoretically but practically oriented, since they provide understanding of effective methods of influencing the audience and using them in everyday media practice. Keywords: media, Soviet ideology, propaganda, manipulation, class approach, Zionism, Jews

Art, Idleness and Food: The Ethics of War Communism and the Origins of Production Art, 1918–1919

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-287
Keyword(s):  
Theory And Practice ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Early Production ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Soviet Ideology ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Theory Of Production

The article examines the impact of the discourses concerning idleness and food on the formation of “production art” in the socio-political context of revolutionary Petrograd. The author argues that the development of the theory and practice of this early productionism was closely related to the larger political, social and ideological processes in the city. The Futurists, who were in the epicenter of Petrograd politics during the Civil War (1918–1921), were well acquainted with both of the discourses mentioned, and they contrasted the idleness of the old art with the dedicated labor of the “artist-proletarians” whom they valued as highly as people in the “traditional” working professions. And the search for the “right to exist” became the most important goal in a starving city dominated by the ideology of radical communism. The author departs from the prevailing approach in the literature, which links the artistic thought of the Futurists to Soviet ideology in its abstract, generalized form, and instead elucidates ideological influences in order to consider the early production texts in their immediate social and political contexts. The article shows that the basic concepts of production art (“artist-proletarian,” “creative labor,” etc.) were part of the mainstream trends in the politics of “red Petrograd.” The Futurists borrowed the popular notion of the “commune” for the title of their main newspaper but also worked with the Committees of the Rural Poor and with the state institutions for procurement and distribution. They took an active part in the Fine Art Department of Narkompros (People’s Commissariat of Education). The theory of production art was created under these conditions. The individualistic protest and “aesthetic terror” of pre-revolutionary Futurism had to be reconsidered, and new state policy measures were based on them. The harsh socio-economic context of war communism prompted artists to rethink their own role in the “impending commune.” Further development of these ideas led to the Constructivist movement and strongly influenced the extremely diverse trends within the “left art” of the 1920s.

scholarly journals Ernst Cassirer in Japanese Philosophy

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Lofts
Keyword(s):  
Western Philosophy ◽  
Ernst Cassirer ◽  
Philosophy And Religion ◽  
Self Development ◽  
Further Development

Abstract The primary goal of this paper is not to argue for the “influence” of Cassirer, but rather to make known the reception of Cassirer in Japanese philosophy, illustrate the interconnection between Cassirer’s critique of culture and that of Japanese philosophy, and hopefully spark interest in what might be a fruitful dialog between Cassirer scholars and those working in Japanese philosophy. Historically, the paper defines Japanese philosophy and makes known its engagement with Western philosophy and the Marburg school of neo-Kantianism and its project of a critique of culture during its own self-development. Systematically, the paper points to the possible interconnection between Cassirer’s critique of culture and that of Japanese philosophy and makes the case for a mutually productive dialog between Cassirer scholars and those working in Japanese philosophy. Implicitly, the paper attempted to show that an engagement with Japanese philosophy from the perspective of a critique of culture forces us to question the Western dichotomy between philosophy and religion and the importance of this for the further development of a non-Eurocentric critique of culture. And by extension, that a critique of culture must be cognitive of the historicity of the culture from which it speaks.

Parlamentarier für Europa – Die Vernetzung des Bundestags mit europäischen interparlamentarischen Körperschaften durch Doppelmandate (1950-1969/70

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-344
Author(s):  
Paul Lukas HÄHNEL
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Federal Republic ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
Council Of Europe ◽  
Interstate Cooperation ◽  
Western European ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The Relationship

The article examines inter-parliamentary institutions as a factor for interstate cooperation in Europe in the 1950s and 1960s. For this purpose, an analysis of the relationship between the parliamentary assembly of the European Communities, the Consultative Assembly of the Council of Europe and the Parliamentary Assembly of the Western European Union and their connections to the Bundestag through dual mandates is carried out. Based on the relevant literature, the article highlights formal and informal inter-organizational links as well as partly overlapping and competing competences between these inter-parliamentary institutions. By using the example of the Federal Republic of Germany, multiple connections between the Bundestag and the emerging European parliamentary level are shown. Finally, the article focuses on the disentanglement of the parliamentary levels in the 1970s.

The Ecclesial Notions of the Apocalypse in Recent Studies

2002 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-136
Author(s):  
Felise Tavo
Keyword(s):  
People Of God ◽  
Historical View ◽  
The Cross ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The Many ◽  
Further Development ◽  
The Church

Images of the church are found scattered throughout the Apocalypse. These have thus been the focus of recent studies in the ecclesial notions of the seer of Patmos. But as this article illustrates, these studies vary to some extent in their principal focus while the methods of approach have been remarkably 'selective' in their treatment of the many church images of the book. As a way of bringing together these disparate methods and focus, this article discusses seven key thematic emphases in the recent studies of the seer's ecclesial notions since the 1950s, which could perhaps serve as 'rallying points' for further development of a more comprehensive portrait of the church in the Apocalypse: the 'cross-event' as underpinning; the eschatologi cal people of God; a community of equality; corporate in nature; non-addi tive in character; a community seeking repentance; and a trans-historical view of reality.

scholarly journals ANECDOTE AS A SOURCE FOR MUSEUM ANTHROPOLOGY: AN ANALYSIS OF THE SOCIOCULTURAL FUNCTIONS OF MUSEUMS

2021 ◽  
pp. 174-187
Author(s):  
Иван Александрович Гринько
Keyword(s):  
Mass Culture ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Social Anthropology ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Museum Management ◽  
The Social ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Further Development

Проблема определения социальных функций различных институтов является одной из важнейших для понимания их роли и пути дальнейшего развития. Данная дискуссия отнюдь не носит чисто теоретический характер, наоборот, вопрос о социальном функционале музея является одним из ключевых для их дальнейшего развития. Некоторые исследователи честно признают, что непонимание социальных функций ведет к резкому снижению эффективности работы музеев. В статье анализируются функции музея как социокультурного института на основе такого историко-антропологического источника как анекдот. Эта проблематика, несмотря на свою принципиальную важность, редко анализировалось в антропологическом ключе. Кроме того, взаимосвязь музея и смеховой культуры практически не пользуется вниманием исследователей, хотя данная тема явно имеет большой потенциал. В качестве основного источника для работы был взят массив современных российских анекдотов, к которому для компаративного анализа привлекался массив советских анекдотов. В общей сложности исследовалось более 500 текстов. По итогам исследования можно сделать вывод, что социальные функции музея не ограничиваются традиционными для музеологии вариантами: сохранение наследия, образование и коммуникация. Музей в фольклорных текстах обладает гораздо более широким кругом социальных функций от инструмента символического потребления и валоризации объектов искусства, до пространства эротической игры. Анализ анекдотов, связанных с музеем, показывает, что, несмотря на не самую высокую популярность этого института, в массовой культуре и сознании, в смеховой культуре четко фиксируются его ключевые функции и проблемы. Это еще раз подтверждает важность анализа фольклорных текстов для оценки роли музея в сообществах любого уровня. Данный материал может быть использован для решения самых различных задач музейного менеджмента от оценки эффективности социокультурной деятельности музея до проведения маркетинговых кампаний. The determination of social functions of institute is one of the most difficult issues in social anthropology. This discussion isn’t absolutely theoretical; on the contrary, the issue of the social functionality of the museum is one of the key issues for their further development. Some researchers honestly admit that a lack of understanding of social functions leads to a sharp decline in the effectiveness of museums. The article analyzes the functions of the museum as a sociocultural institution on the basis of such a historical and anthropological source as anecdote. This issue, despite its fundamental importance, has rarely been analyzed in an anthropological vein. In addition, the interconnection between the museum and the culture of laughter has received little attention from researchers, although this topic clearly has great potential. For this research we used block of contemporary Russian anecdotes and the anecdotes of the soviet period (1917–1991) for comparative analysis. Totally more than 500 texts were analyzed. The analysis of the anecdotes associated with the museum shows that, despite the low popularity of this institution, in mass culture and consciousness, in the culture of laughter, its key functions and problems are clearly recorded. This once again confirms the importance of analyzing folklore texts for assessing the role of the museum in communities of any level. This material can be used to solve a variety of problems of museum management, from assessing the effectiveness of the socio-cultural activities of the museum to marketing campaigns.

scholarly journals About the basic issues of interpreting the content of K. S. Stanislavsky's lecturing about the supreme problem

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Оlena Moskalenko-Vysotska
Keyword(s):  
Research Literature ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
True Meaning ◽  
Logical Method ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Historical Truth ◽  
First Time ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Death Of The Author

The purpose of the article is to examine in detail the features of the historical fate of K. S. Stanislavsky's doctrine of the supertask, which is considered the cornerstone of his system, and to find out the reasons for the tendentiously limited interpretation of the term “supertask” in the research literature of the second half of the last century, which still remains unconsidered. The methodology of the research is the general logical method of cognition, which involves an analysis of the features of the historical era of the emergence of the doctrine of the super-task and specific measures for its dissemination among art workers. This method makes it possible to determine the causes of deformation of the defining term of the system of K. Stanislavsky. The method of comparison is also used as a cognitive operation, which makes it possible to clearly understand the primary content of the concept of "super task" and its differences from the interpretations of many other researchers of the theoretical heritage of K. S. Stanislavsky – those authors whose interpretation is based on the judgment about the similarity or difference of objects. Scientific novelty. An attempt is made to look at the fate of the Stanislavsky system as a whole and the doctrine of the super-task, in particular, from the standpoint of historical truth, in contrast to the standpoint of myth-making, which was characteristic of researchers of the Soviet era. The novelty also lies in the fact that for the first time in the theory of acting, an attempt was made to compare the true meaning put by the author of the system into the very term of the supertask itself, with the way it was interpreted by theoretical thought in the Soviet period in accordance with the ideological needs of the then society. Conclusions. As a result of a comparative analysis of the texts of K. Stanislavsky, dedicated to the disclosure of the content of the doctrine of the super-task with the formulations that tried to reveal its content in the period after the death of the author of the system, it becomes obvious that the true meaning of the doctrine has suffered a rather significant semantic deformation. This actualizes the need for a detailed and in-depth study of all the materials of his heritage, which are related to the disclosure of the content of the doctrine of the supertask, which will contribute to the further development of the system at the present stage.

Mythologemes of the Soviet ideology in Stalin epoch: mechanisms of the creating and manipulating mass consciousness (on the basis of materials from the Istparts of the North Caucasus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (12-1) ◽  
pp. 18-31
Author(s):  
Dmitry Pikalov ◽  
Vasilina Pikalova
Keyword(s):  
Social Reality ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
Mass Consciousness ◽  
Historical Figures ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Soviet Ideology

The article is devoted to the analysis of the mechanism of creation of mythologemes in the system of the Soviet ideology of the early Soviet era. On the basis of materials from the Istparts of the North Caucasus, the authors study the construction of mythologemes and their impact on consciousness, when the comprehension of a new social reality took place through mythological images, which were based on the interpretation of the history of revolutionary events and the activities of historical figures. The technology of using mythologemes for manipulating mass consciousness, including for the purpose of introducing a new picture of the world into it, is considered.

scholarly journals THEORETICAL AND LEGAL ASPECT OF THE FORMATION OF THE INSTITUTE OF ACCESSORY OBLIGATIONS.

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (67) ◽  
pp. 68-72
Author(s):  
R. Truhan ◽  
S Nadtochij
Keyword(s):  
Legal Aspect ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Roman Law ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Legal Doctrine ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Legal Relationship ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Further Development

The subject of the article is the study of the theoretical and legal aspect of the development of the institution of accessory obligations. The genesis of the category of "accessory" in Roman law is considered, where the formula of the ancients is derived: the validity of the accessory legal relationship is predetermined by the reality of the basic legal relationship, and was quite simple and concise, there is no basic obligation - no additional one. The evolution of "accessory" in domestic civil law is revealed, which consists in the following: in pre-revolutionary civil law, the theory of security deviated from accessory for the sake of convenience for the circulation of security obligations; in the Soviet period, the identification of the terms "security" and "accessory" obligation took root in the scientific circulation; and at the present stage of development of the theory of accessory in Russian civil law, the concept of "accessory" is identified with a security obligation.The author comes to the conclusion about the multidimensionality of the category of "accessory", which consists in the fact that in the course of the development of law, the understanding of accessory obligations has undergone significant changes, going from the perception of accessory as a kind of obligation that ensures the return of debt and the transfer of "belonging" to the goods sold, to its identification with security obligations in general. Gradually, in the legal doctrine, the opinion was fixed that different types of obligations have the property of accessory, and each of them has its own characteristic features and has its own specifics. According to the authors of the article, the further development of the civilistic doctrine of the accessory of obligations will contribute to the final consolidation of the definition of "accessory" within the framework of Russian civil law.

scholarly journals ІСТОРИКО-ПІЗНАВАЛЬНЕ КІНО ЯК ФЕНОМЕН ПЕРІОДУ НЕЗАЛЕЖНОСТІ УКРАЇНИ

2019 ◽  
pp. 186-194
Author(s):  
О. І. Орлов
Keyword(s):  
Mass Communication ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Popular Science ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The State ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Philosophical Hermeneutic ◽  
National School ◽  
Mass Consciousness ◽  
History Of

This article offers a survey of the historical-cognitive cinema in Ukrainian cinematography during the independence period. The author focuses on both thematic diversity of films, and philosophical, hermeneutic, psychoanalytic possibilities and demand of their thorough study. Indicated that, chronicle-documentary and popular science films of Ukraine during the independence period inherent mapping of historical development of the state and the Ukrainian people, social problems, and understanding the legal framework of Ukrainians. The article deals with the features of cinematography among other means of mass communication in the context of its influence on the mass consciousness. The tendencies of Ukrainian cinema as a distinctive genre in the field of directorial and acting art are analyzed. The process of formation of the national school of cinema during the Independence period is shown, and its activity with the work of directors of the previous Soviet period in the history of Ukrainian cinema art is compared. The contribution of Ukrainian actors of the theater and cinema, artists, scriptwriters and directors to the development of massive cinema playing during the independence period. As an example of the development of Ukrainian cinema, the trends of the historical – cognitive cinema during the Independence period were analyzed, on the basis of which the features of the country's exhibit in elite circles were determined.

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