scholarly journals Antioxidant and Antimalarial Activities of Phenolic Compounds from Leaves of Macaranga beccariana Merr.

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Eva Marliana ◽  
Chairul Saleh ◽  
Medi Hendra
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Structure Elucidation ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
1H And 13C Nmr ◽  
Antimalarial Agents ◽  
Falciparum Strain ◽  
Positive Controls

Macaranga beccariana Merr. is an endemic plant of Kalimantan which is no report yet about its biological activity and isolated compounds. Therefore, in order to know the potency of M. beccariana, determination of antioxidant and antimalarial activities along with isolation of bioactive compounds from this plant must be carried out. In this research, the leaves of M. beccariana was extracted using methanol to obtain methanol extract. Furthermore, the extract was separated and purified to obtain compound 1 and compound 2. Based on structure elucidation using spectrometer analysis including UV, 1H and 13C NMR, compounds 1 and 2 which belong to phenolics were identified as 4-hidroxybenzoic acid and 3,4-dihidroxybenzoic acid, respectively. Moreover, antioxidant activity using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and antimalarial activity towards Plasmodium falciparum strain 3D7 using Giemsa staining were performed. Rutine and chloroquine difosfat were used as positive controls for antioxidant and antimalarial, respectively. The results showed that the methanol extract of M. beccariana and its isolated compounds (1 and 2) are active for those activities. It can be concluded that the leaves of M. beccariana has good potency as antioxidant and antimalarial agents.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF THE ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF PRASMAN LEAF EXTRACTS (AYAPANA TRIPLINERVIS [VAHL]) AND THE TOTAL FLAVONOID AND PHENOL CONTENTS OF THE MOST ACTIVE EXTRACTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 107-111
Author(s):  
YUNITRIANTI ◽  
BERNA ELYA ◽  
ARIKADIA NOVIANI
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Objective: Prasman (Ayapana triplinervis [Vahl]) is a plant that can eliminate free radicals through its antioxidant effects. However, little research hasbeen conducted to explore the antioxidant activity of the plant.Methods: A. triplinervis (Vahl) leaves, which were determined by the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) Bogor, were used in this study. Meanwhile,extraction was performed using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol as the solvents. Based on the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay usinga UV–visible spectrophotometer and based on ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay using a microplate reader.Results: Based on the DPPH assay using a UV–visible spectrophotometer, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts with a final concentrationof 25 μg/mL inhibited DPPH radical production by 38.91, 51.03, and 54.06%, respectively. Using the percent inhibition, the IC50 for the ethyl acetateand methanol extracts were 28.71 and 23.472 μg/mL, respectively. Based on FRAP assay using a microplate reader, the n-hexane, ethyl acetate, andmethanol extracts had ferrous equivalent antioxidant capacity values of 460, 828.99, and 940.22 μmol/g, respectively. The methanol extract had thegreatest antioxidant activity. The ethyl acetate and methanol extracts at the initial concentrations contained total phenol levels of 12.06 and 42.11 mgGAE/g extract, respectively, as well as total flavonoid levels of 3.24 and 3.41 mg QE/g extract, respectively.Conclusion: Based on the determination of phenol and flavonoid levels, the methanol extract had the greatest antioxidant effects.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antimalarial Potential of Aqueous Crude Gymnema Inodorum Leaf Extract against Plasmodium berghei Infection in Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Sakaewan Ounjaijean ◽  
Chonticha Romyasamit ◽  
Voravuth Somsak
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Antimalarial Drugs ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Antimalarial Agents ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Positive Controls

Malaria is still a serious cause of mortality and morbidity. Moreover, the emergence of malaria parasite resistance to antimalarial drugs has prompted the search for new, effective, and safe antimalarial agents. For this reason, the study of medicinal plants in discovering new antimalarial drugs is important and remains a crucial step in the fight against malaria. Hence, this study is aimed at investigating the antimalarial activity of Gymnema inodorum leaf extract (GIE) in Plasmodium berghei infected mice. Aqueous crude extract of G. inodorum leaves was prepared in distilled water (DW) and acute toxicity in mice was carried out. The antimalarial activity was assessed in the five groups of ICR mice employing the 4-day suppressive and curative tests. Untreated and positive controls were given DW along with 10 mg/kg of chloroquine, respectively. Any signs of toxicity, behavioral changes, and mortality were not observed in mice given GIE up to 5,000 mg/kg. GIE significantly ( P  < 0.05) suppressed parasitemia by 25.65%, 38.12%, and 58.28% at 10, 50, and 100 mg/kg, respectively, in the 4-day suppressive test. In the curative test, the highest parasitemia inhibition of 66.78% was observed at 100 mg/kg of GIE. Moreover, GIE prevented packed cell volume reduction and body weight loss compared to the untreated control. Additionally, GIE was able to prolong the mean survival time of infected mice significantly. The results obtained in this study confirmed the safety and promise of G. inodorum as an important source of new antimalarial agents and justify its folkloric use for malaria treatment.

scholarly journals ANTIFUNGAL POTENTIAL OF EXTRACTS AND FRACTIONS OF Randia nitida LEAVES ON SOYBEAN PATHOGENS AND THEIR PHYTOCHEMISTRY

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 594-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
STHEFANY CAROLINE BEZERRA DA CRUZ-SILVA ◽  
ROSEMARY MATIAS ◽  
JOSÉ ANTONIO MAIOR BONO ◽  
KAREN SILVA SANTOS ◽  
JULIANE LUDWIG
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Major Chemical ◽  
Crude Methanol Extract

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of methanol extract and fractions of leaves of Randia nitida (Kunth) DC on Colletotrichum truncatum (Schw.) Andrus & Moore, Rhizoctonia solani Kühn and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) De Bary and perform chemical and antioxidant activity tests. Crude methanol extract (EBM) and fractions (hexane = FHX, dichloromethane = FDM and ethyl acetate = FAE) underwent classical phytochemical analysis and determination of total phenols, flavonoids and antioxidant activity. Samples were individually incorporated into PDA culture mediums (potato-dextrose-agar) at concentrations of 10, 20, 40, 80 and 160 µg mL-1 of extract or fraction. Mycelial growth was evaluated when control reached the edge of the plate. Phytochemical results indicated that flavonoids, steroids and triterpenoids are the major chemical constituents in both EBM and fractions. Total phenols, flavonoids and antioxidant activity were higher for FAE and EBM, followed by FDM and FHX; however, the latter showed higher content of steroids and triterpenoids compared to the other fractions. For C. truncatum, R. solani and S. sclerotiorum, the most efficient fractions were respectively FAE, FDM and FHX, all of them in the highest concentration (160 µg mL-1). The highest inhibition rate was observed against S. sclerotiorum, reaching 93.75%. We concluded that all fractions have antifungal activity on the plant pathogens, being FHX the most active against S. sclerotiorum, which might have been due to the presence of steroids and triterpenes.

scholarly journals SCREENING AND DETERMINATION OF ANTIOXIDANT SCAVENGING ACTIVITY OF PIPER LONGUM AND EUCALYPTUS CAMALDULENSIS

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
Kuppusamy Mohanraj ◽  
Naganathan Srinath
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Piper Longum ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis Dehnh

The herbal medicine is used from time immemorial to treat various common ailments like cold, cough and gastric problems. India has various system of treatment like Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani and Homeopathy which are devoid of side effects and treat the person with higher benefits. Piper longum fruitsand Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh., leaves has been used as spices and for medicinal oil preparation for various treatment. We have made an attempt to elevate the importance of these herbal sources by understanding the antioxidant scavenging activity. We have extracted and processed the plants fruit andleaves using different solvents in 1:10 dilution such as petroleum ether, chloroform ethanol, hexane, methanol and distilled water. It was found that ethanol and methanol extract of Piper longum and Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh., has higher antioxidant activity when compared with the standard Vitamin C and IC50value was observed to be nearly 70μg/ml for all the tests

scholarly journals Spectrophotometric Determination of Total Flavonoid Content in Biancaea Sappan (Caesalpinia sappan L.) Leaves

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Nurlinda Nurlinda ◽  
Virsa Handayani ◽  
Faradiba Abdul Rasyid
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Total Flavonoid Content ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Caesalpinia Sappan ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatments

AbstractBiancaea sappan  (BS) is traditionally used to treat anticonvulsants, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, anticoagulant, antiviral, immunostimulant, antioxidant, and antimicrobial treatments. Flavonoids are found in Secang; flavonoids are secondary metabolites that have antioxidant activity. This study aims to identify the flavonoids using TLC and determination of flavonoids content in BS leaves. Initially, The methanol extract of BS was obtained by maceration with ethanol. The qualitative analysis of flavonoid was using TLC and visualization by sprayed with AlCl3. The determination of total flavonoid content is conducted based on the AlCl3 method with total flavonoids expressed in QE (Quercetin equivalent) at the maximum wavelength of 431 nm. The research results showed that BS leaves contain flavonoids and the total flavonoid content of BS leaf extract is 1.0318 mg QE / g extract.Keywords: Caesalpinia sappan; Flavonoid content, Spectrophotometric

scholarly journals Penentuan Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Kandungan Flavonoid Total Ekstrak Daun Papasan (Coccinia grandis L.) Berdasarkan Perbedaan Pelarut Polar

KOVALEN ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-41
Author(s):  
Meliani Sari ◽  
Rani Nareza Ulfa ◽  
Mauritz Pandapotan Marpaung ◽  
Purnama
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Polar Solvents ◽  
Coccinia Grandis ◽  
Minor Metabolite ◽  
Ic50 Values

Papasan leaves have several properties, including antihyperglycemic, diabetes, antipyretic and antioxidant. Minor metabolite compounds that have the potential as antioxidants from this plant are flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and tannins. This study's purpose to determine the antioxidant activity and the flavonoid total contents of Papasan (Coccinia grandis L.) leaf extract based on the differences in polar solvents. The polar solvents used were ethanol, methanol, and water. Extraction used by maceration and dekokta. The antioxidant activity and the flavonoid total contents were established by UV-Vis spectrophotometry according to the decrease in absorbance at a maximum wavelength of 515 nm by the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method. Determination of antioxidant activity and the flavonoid total contents were excluded on quercetin comparisons. The values of  IC50 and the flavonoid total contents in the ethanol extract respectively were 287.92 ppm and 49.825 mg QE/g while the IC50 values and total flavonoid levels in the extract of methanol were 73.29 ppm and 50.415 mg QE/g. In the extract of the water, the value of IC50 was 39.80 ppm and the total flavonoid contents were 50.415 mg QE/g. The conclusions of these studies were that the most antioxidant activity was found in water extract, while water and methanol extract had the same and highest levels of total flavonoids.

scholarly journals Aktivitas Antimalaria Daun Erythrina variegata

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Tati Herlina ◽  
Unang Supratman ◽  
Anas Subarnas ◽  
Supriyatna Sutardjo ◽  
Noor Rain Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Column Chromatography ◽  
Active Compound ◽  
Resistant Strain ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Antimalarial Agents ◽  
Erythrina Variegata

The leaves of Erythrina variegata (Leguminosae) used tradisional plant of an antimalarial. In the course of our continuing search for novel an antimalarial compound from Erythrina plants, the methanol extract of the leaves ofE. variegata showed significant antimalarial activity in vitro toward Plasmodium falciparum in vitro using the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) method. The methanol extract of the leaves of E. variegata showed against bothstrains of parasite with IC50of 6.8 ?g/ml against K1 and > 60 ?g/ml against 3D7, respectively. The methanol extract of the leaves of E. variegata was separated by using bioassay-guide fractionation. The n-buthanol fraction yieldedthe most activity, exhibiting equipotency against both strains of parasite with IC50of 5.1 ?g/ml against K1 and 13.5 ?g/ml against 3D7, respectively. Furthermore, by using the antimalarial activity to follow separation, the n-buthanol fraction was separated by combination of column chromatography to yield an active compound. The active compound showed antimalarial activity against both strains of parasite used with IC50 of 4.3 ?g/ml against K1 and 23.5 ?g/ml against 3D7, respectively. Its inhibition of the resistant strain (K1) was also much better compared to its inhibition of the sensitive strain (3D7), indicated that the leaves of E. variegata to be potential as antimalarial agents, but its lower potency compared to artemisinin and chloroquin.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Content, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Potential of Endemic Plant Anabasis aretioïdes Coss. & Moq. (Chenopodiaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Souad Senhaji ◽  
Fatima Lamchouri ◽  
Hamid Toufik
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Endemic Plant

This study aims to investigate the biological activities of endemic plant Anabasis aretioïdes harvested in eastern Morocco. Various extracts were prepared from aerial part by aqueous and organic extraction using a Soxhlet and cold maceration. Preliminary phytochemical analysis was carried out on the powder and on the different extracts by standard phytochemical tests, and was confirmed by a quantitative analysis based on the determination of total polyphenols and cathechic tannins. Antioxidant activity was evaluated in vitro by five methods: H2O2, DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and RP, and the antibacterial activity was carried out by disc diffusion method and the determination of MIC and MBC. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of cathechic tannins, saponins, and sterols and quantitative analysis showed that Ethyl acetate extract presented the high level of phenolic and cathechic tannins contents (46.79 ± 0.75 µg GAE/mg E and 46.46 ± 0.67 µg CE/mg E). A highest hydrogen peroxide activity was observed in aqueous macerated extract (7.84 ± 0.44%) and the macerated methanol extract has the highest rates for the other four antioxidant activity tests: It was able to reduce DPPH with an IC50 of 52.91 ± 0.24 µg/ml, the highest ABTS•+ radical scavenging capacity (48.99 ± 1.316 µg TE/mg E), it showed also the highest antioxidant activity by the FRAP and reducing power test (99.73 ± 3.570 µg TE/mg E and 72.176 ± 0.540 µg AAE/mg E). Antibacterial screening showed that the maximum zone of inhibition was noted for ethyl acetate extract against Staphylococcus aureus (13.5 mm). The lowest MIC value was obtained with methanolic and macerated methanolic extracts against Protéus mirabilis strain (MIC = 3.125 mg/ml). Principal component analysis showed that the four methods ABTS, DPPH, FRAP, and RP are highly correlated and a correlation between the antioxidant activity and the total phenolic contents of the extracts indicated that phenolic compounds were the dominant contributors to the antioxidant activity of the plant.

scholarly journals Determination of antioxidant activity, phenolic contents and antiviral potential of methanol extract of Euphorbia spinidens Bornm (Euphorbiaceae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Karimi ◽  
Marzieh Mohammadi-Kamalabadi ◽  
Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei ◽  
Leila Amjad ◽  
Loghman Salimzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Phenolic Contents

scholarly journals Anthocyanins content of methanol extract of parijoto (Medinilla speciosa) and its effect on serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level of hyperlipidemic rat

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
NOOR NAILIS SA’ADAH ◽  
ADEK MAYANG INDIANI ◽  
AWIK PUJI DYAH NURHAYATI ◽  
NOVA MAULIDINA ASHURI
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Red Color ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Purple Coloration

Abstract. Sa’adah NN, Indiani AM, Nurhayati APD, Ashuri NM. 2019. Anthocyanins content of methanol extract of parijoto (Medinilla speciosa) and its effect on serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level of hyperlipidemic rat. Nusantara Bioscience 11: 112-118. Parijoto (Medinilla speciosa) is an endemic plant in Indonesia that its fruit have a purplish red color, which indicated that parijoto fruits contain anthocyanins, pigments of the flavonoid class that responsible for the red, blue and purple coloration of many flowers and fruits. This study was aimed to determine the total yield of extract and anthocyanins content of methanol extract of parijoto (Medinilla speciosa) pericarp and whole fruit and the effect of parijoto whole fruit extract on serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level of the hyperlipidemic rats. Extraction of parijoto fruit and pericarp were carried out by the maceration method with methanol as a solvent. Determination of the total anthocyanin was done by pH difference method. MDA serum levels were done in a pre-test and post-test Randomized controlled group design was used in this study. Rats were divided into five groups: normal rats, hyperlipidemic rats, hyperlipidemic rats treated with methanol extract of parijoto (500 mg · kg ˗1, 1000 mg · kg ˗1, and 1500 mg · kg˗1 body weight). Blood was collected at hyperlipidemia state and after treatment of methanol extract of parijoto for determination of MDA level in blood serum. The results showed that the total yield of parijoto pericarp extract and the whole fruits were 11.46 g (3.18% ) and 9.02 g (2.88%) respectively. Anthocyanins content of parijoto pericarp and whole fruit extracts  were 208.75 mg · L-1 and 173.7 mg · L-1. Administration of methanol extract of whole fruit parijoto  in hyperlipidemic rats reduced serum MDA levels significantly (p < 0.01), from 14.88 nmol · mL-1 to 8.63 nmol · mL-1.

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