Dynamic Mechanical Analysis of Bio-Based and Synthetic Petroleum Based Polymer Foams with Powder Type Organic Filler at Prolonged Ultra-Violet Exposure

2020 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Zulhakimie ◽  
◽  
Anika Zafiah M. Rus ◽  
N S S Sulong ◽  
A Syah Z A ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Epoxy Polymer ◽  
Loss Modulus ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Uv Exposure ◽  
Polymer Foams ◽  
Polymer Foam ◽  
Powder Filler ◽  
Tan Δ

Wood powder filler applied to the bio-based and epoxy polymer foams has the potential to reinforce the polymer foam structure. The 'Meranti' wood filler type was used as the filler in this analysis. In order to observe the pore size of each sample when exposed to different hours of UV exposure using optical microscopy (OM), this study was made.This analysis was conducted to compare the mechanical properties of each sample with different filler ratios of 0 wt%, 5 wt%, 10 wt%, 15wt% and 20 wt% at different UV exposure hours, which is 0 hour to 6000 hours with a 2000 hour rapid increase. Using the DMA Q800 TA unit, the mechanical properties were studied. In order to obtain the product of their mechanical properties, samples having a scale of 40 x 10 x 5 mm were clamped into the machine. The results will show the value of tan δ, loss modulus and storage modulus from the DMA test.The tan δ value shows that the high tanδvalue will be produced by the higher ratio filler. In contrast to bio-based polymer foams, epoxy polymer foams with powder fillers have the highest tan δ value. It shows that the higher filler ratio can be reported with the lower tan δ value. As the filler ratio filler in the polymer foams increased, the consequence of storage and loss modulus was found to increase. The greater the modulus of loss and the modulus of storage, the lower the temperature. As energy is lost as heat during UV irradiation exposure, bio-based polymer foams with a high powder filler ratio can dissipate more energy.

Dynamic Mechanical Analysis of Synthetic epoxy (E) and Bio-epoxy Polymer Foam Integrated with Wood Filler Under 8000 hours Exposure to UV Irradiation

2020 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Alzomor ◽  
◽  
A. Z. M. Rus ◽  
H. A. Wahab ◽  
N. S. M. Salim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Epoxy Polymer ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Filler Material ◽  
Polymer Foam ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical ◽  
Pu Foam ◽  
Powder Filler ◽  
Tan Δ

The most common sustainable polymer for polyurethane (PU) materials is the production of polyurethane (PU) materials using renewable resources, which will reduce thedependency on petroleum-based products for consumption.This research presents findings from an experimental research on dynamic mechanical and viscoelastic properties such as storage module (E'), loss module(E") and damping coefficient(tan δ)of synthetic epoxy (E) and bio-epoxy (B) polymer foam with different loading ratios of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% flakes and powder filler.The samples were then exposed to 8000 hours of UV irradiation. The samples were subjected to dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) over a temperature range of 25-180 ° C for (E) and (B) polymer foam at a frequency of 1 Hz.The results showed that the 20 %synthetic epoxy with flakes filler material, namely as E20L sample with the highest filler ratio, gives the maximum storage module and loss module values (0.3125 MPa and0.0625 MPa respectively), among other filler ratios due to bonding between foam and filler resulting in increased viscosity of the synthetic-epoxy PU foam. The bio-epoxy PU foam with a 5% powder filler material (B5P), has the highest storage value (3,956 MPa) and loss module (17,213 MPa), showing that bio-epoxy PU foams can dissipate energy faster than synthetic-epoxy polymer foams.Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the synthetic epoxy (E) polymer foam had a higher Tg value and the highest value was reported by E5L (1.2) compared to bio-epoxy foams with far less repeatable results due to the less homogeneous polyol structure.

Dynamic Mechanical Analysis of Nanosilica Filled Epoxy Nanocomposites

2014 ◽  
Vol 699 ◽  
pp. 239-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurhidayah R. Zamani ◽  
Aidah Jumahat ◽  
Rosnadiah Bahsan
Keyword(s):  
Glass Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Glass Transition Temperature ◽  
Epoxy Polymer ◽  
Loss Modulus ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical ◽  
Mechanical Stirring ◽  
Tan Δ

In this study, Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer (DMA) was used to study the effect of nanoparticles, which is nanosilica, on glass transition temperature (Tg) of epoxy polymer. A series of epoxy based nanosilica composite with 5-25 wt% nanosilica content was prepared using mechanical stirring method. The weight fractions of nanosilica in epoxy were 5 wt%, 13 wt% and 25 wt%. 30mm x 10mm x 3mm size specimens were tested using DMA machine from room temperature up to 180oC at 2°C/min heating rate. From the analysis of the results, dynamic modulus and glass transition temperature of pure polymer and nanosilica filled polymer were obtained. The glass transition of a polymer composite is a temperature-induced change in the matrix material from the glassy to the rubbery state during heating or cooling. Glass transition temperature Tg was determined using several method: storage modulus onset, loss modulus peak, and tan δ peak. The results showed that the presence of nanosilica reduced Tg of epoxy polymer.

scholarly journals Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Hybrid Layered Silicates/Kaolin Geopolymer Filler in Epoxy Composites

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 543-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusrina Mat Daud ◽  
Kamarudin Hussin ◽  
Azlin Fazlina Osman ◽  
Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali ◽  
Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Loss Modulus ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Layered Silicates ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Damping Factor ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical

Preparation epoxy based hybrid composites were involved kaolin geopolymer filler, organo-montmorillonite at 3phr by using high speed mechanical stirrer. A mechanical behaviour of neat epoxy, epoxy/organo-montmorillonite and its hybrid composites containing 1-8phr kaolin geopolymer filler was studied upon cyclic deformation (three-point flexion mode) as the temperature is varies. The analysis was determined by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) at frequency of 1.0Hz. The results then expressed in storage modulus (E�), loss modulus (E�) and damping factor (tan d) as function of temperature from 40 oC to 130oC. Overall results indicated that E�, E�� and Tg increased considerably by incorporating optimum 1phr kaolin geopolymer in epoxy organo-montmorillonite hybrid composites.

scholarly journals Physical and Mechanical Properties of Ammonia-Treated Black Locust Wood

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Domnica Stanciu ◽  
Daniela Sova ◽  
Adriana Savin ◽  
Nicolae Ilias ◽  
Galina A. Gorbacheva
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Black Locust ◽  
Loss Modulus ◽  
Colour Change ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Elastic Behaviour ◽  
Control Samples

Because of the uneven colour of black locust wood, different technologies are used to change the colour, the bestknown being chemical and thermal treatments. Some of them affect the mechanical properties of wood, such as elasticity modulus, strength, durability. This study aims to compare the physical and mechanical properties of black locust wood control samples and treated wood samples with ammonia hydroxide, in terms of density profile, colour values (CIE L*, a*, b*), mechanical properties of samples subjected to static bending, viscous-elastic properties (storage modulus (E’), loss modulus (E”) and damping (tanδ)). Two types of ammonia-fuming treatment were applied on samples: first treatment T1-5% concentration of ammonia hydroxide for 30 days; second treatment T2-10% concentration for 60 days. The results highlighted the following aspects: the overall colour change in the case of the second treatment is 27% in comparison with 7% recorded for the control samples; the lightness and yellowness values are the most affected by the second ammonia treatment of black locust wood. The density increased with almost 20% due to ammonium fuming (10% concentration/60 days); in case of static bending, the elastic modulus (MOE) tends to decrease with increasing the exposure time to ammonium, but the modulus of rupture (MOR) increases with almost 17% and the breaking force increases too, with almost 41%. In the case of dynamic mechanical analysis, the temperature leads to different viscous-elastic behaviour of each type of samples.

scholarly journals Use of waste materials in rubber matrix

2018 ◽  
Vol 157 ◽  
pp. 07009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Pajtášová ◽  
Zuzana Mičicová ◽  
Darina Ondrušová ◽  
Slavomíra Božeková ◽  
Róbert Janík ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Loss Modulus ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
Loss Angle ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Tan Δ

The presented paper deals with the use of waste materials as ecological fillers into rubber matrix. Waste materials were used as partial replacement of the commercial filler – carbon black, designated as N339. These prepared rubber compounds were characterized on the basis of the rheology and vulcanization characteristics – minimum torque (ML), maximum torque (MH), optimum time of vulcanization (t(c90)), processing safety of compound (ts), rate coefficient of vulcanization (Rv). In the case of the prepared vulcanizates, physical-mechanical properties (tensile strength, tensibility and hardness) and dynamic-mechanical properties (storage modulus, loss modulus, loss angle tan δ) were investigated. Using the dependency of loss angle on temperature, the selected properties for tyre tread vulcanizates were evaluated, including traction on snow and ice, traction on the wet surface and rolling resistance.

Thermal stability and dynamic mechanical behavior of functional multiphase boride ceramics/epoxy composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 508-514
Author(s):  
Yannan He ◽  
Zhiqiang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Loss Modulus ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Reaction Heat ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical

Abstract The thermal and dynamic mechanical properties of epoxy composites filled with zirconium diboride/nano-alumina (ZrB2/Al2O3) multiphase particles were investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic thermo-mechanical analysis, and numerical simulation. ZrB2/Al2O3 particles were surface organic functional modified by γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane for the improvement of their dispersity in epoxy matrix. The results indicated that the curing exotherm of epoxy resin decreased significantly due to the addition of ZrB2/Al2O3 multiphase particles. In comparison to the composites filled with unmodified particles, the modified multiphase particles made the corresponding filling composites exhibit lower curing reaction heat, lower loss modulus, and higher storage modulus. Generally speaking, the composites filled with 5 wt% modified multiphase particles presented the best thermal stability and thermo-mechanical properties due to the better filler-matrix interfacial compatibility and the uniform dispersity of modified particles. Finite element analysis also suggested that the introduction of modified ZrB2/Al2O3 multiphase particles increased the stiffness of the corresponding composites.

Thermo-Mechanical Analysis of Chosen Epoxy Resins Used in Aviation Technology

2015 ◽  
Vol 1126 ◽  
pp. 187-193
Author(s):  
Kamil Prusak ◽  
Janusz Zmywaczyk ◽  
Piotr Koniorczyk ◽  
Jan Godzimirski ◽  
Marcin Cegła
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Loss Modulus ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Tan Δ ◽  
Material Testing Machine

In this paper the results of storage modulus (E’), loss modulus (E’’) and damping parameter tan (δ)=E''/E' of epoxy resins Epidian 57 and L285 with curing agents Z1 and LH285, respectively are presented. In addition to this the stress-strain and thermal expansion characteristics of Epidian 53, 57 and L285 were obtained experimentally in order to compare Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) results. Temperature range of DMA investigations using Netzsch (Germany) DMA 242C analyzer was from-120 °C to +110 °C at the heating rate of 1 K/min with frequency of {0.1, 1, 10} Hz, respectively. Netzsch DIL 402C dilatometer was used to study the thermal expansion of the tested samples within temperature range from 30 °C to 80 °C at 1 K/min of heating and cooling rates, respectively and Huang TA computer servo control material testing machine HT-2402 was applied to determine the stress-strain characteristics. Measurements of sample elongation ΔL and physical α* were performed twice in heating and cooling cycles. The glass transition temperature Tg determined from maximum of tan (δ) curve at f = 1Hz was equal to 76.7 °C for E57 and 87.2 °C for L285. It has been observed durable deformed shape of L285 sample with deflection in the middle about 5 mm just after finishing the DMA first run of heating which significantly affected DMA results during the second run of heating

Accuracy in locating glass transitions: aging and gamma sterilization of vulcanized thermoplastic elastomers

e-Polymers ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Witold Brostow ◽  
Sameer Deshpande ◽  
Dorota Pietkiewicz ◽  
Steven R. Wisner
Keyword(s):  
Loss Modulus ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Thermoplastic Elastomers ◽  
Rapid Decrease ◽  
Practical Reasons ◽  
Glass Transitions ◽  
Γ Irradiation ◽  
Tan Δ

AbstractWe have studied nine thermoplastic vulcanizate elastomers (TPVs) in four series: as made, after accelerated aging, after γ irradiation, after both irradiation and aging. The materials exhibit two glass transitions, one seen in crosslinked regions and the other in un-crosslinked amorphous regions. Three techniques of determination of glass transitions have been used and the results compared, all three based on dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA): as a peak in the loss modulus E’’; as a peak in tan δ; and as the midpoint of the rapid decrease in the storage modulus E’. We recommend the last method for both fundamental and practical reasons.

PLA-coated sisal fibre-reinforced polyester composite: Water absorption, static and dynamic mechanical properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
MK Gupta ◽  
Rohit Singh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Loss Modulus ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Static Properties ◽  
Physical Treatment ◽  
Sisal Fibre ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical

In the present work, a novel physical treatment (PLA coating) of sisal fibres and its influence on the water absorption, static and dynamic mechanical properties of its composites has been presented. The treated sisal fibres were used consisted of alkali treatment and PLA coating to fabricate its polyester-based composites by hand lay-up technique keeping constant fibres content as 20 wt.% . Water absorption analysis was carried out in terms of water uptake (%), and sorption, diffusion and permeability coefficient. In addition, static properties were examined in terms of tensile, flexural and impact test, and dynamic mechanical analysis was performed in terms of storage modulus [Formula: see text], loss modulus [Formula: see text], damping [Formula: see text] and glass transition temperature [Formula: see text]. It was reported that the PLA-coated sisal composites showed the best performance in water absorption, mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties than pure sisal and alkali-treated sisal composites. There were 33%, 49%, 48%, and 27% improvement in water resistance, tensile strength, flexural strength and impact strength, respectively, of PLA-coated sisal composites as compared to that of pure sisal composite.

Mechanical Properties of Coil Coating Evaluated with Dynamic Mechanical Analysis in Daul Cantilever

2007 ◽  
Vol 353-358 ◽  
pp. 1729-1732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Chen ◽  
Hong Liang Pan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Loss Modulus ◽  
Paint Layer ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Curing Temperature ◽  
Mode Analysis ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical ◽  
Preparation Conditions ◽  
Coil Coating

The storage modulus, loss modulus, loss tangent (tanδ), stress and strain have been determined for painted steel specimens by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) operated in Dual Cantilever mode. Analysis of the composite system enabled the elastic modulus of the paint layer to be calculated and the result can be useful to analyze the mechanical properties of the coil coating. The calculation was found to be very sensitive to the geometry (especially thickness of the substrate and coating) and properties of the substrate and coating, leading to considerable variability in the calculated coating modulus. The DMA method was successful in detecting the glass transition temperature (Tg) as a peak in the tanδ curve. The value of Tg is sensitive to the preparation conditions (e.g. curing temperature) and composition of the paint. The results show that DMA in Dual Cantilever can be useful as a characterization tool for painted steel.

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