scholarly journals Genetic diversity of broad beans (Vicia faba) in the collection of the Vavilov Institute and its use in breeding

2020 ◽  
Vol 181 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-189
Author(s):  
S. M. Mamedova ◽  
M. A. Vishnyakova
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Germplasm Exchange ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Broad Beans ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Domestic Breeding

The paper presents brief information about the history of the collection of broad (horse) beans (Vicia faba L.) at the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), its composition, research trends, and significance for domestic breeding. The collection started in 1916 with Vavilov’s collecting activities in the Pamirs. Currently, the collection consists of 1733 accessions from 67 countries, obtained from foreign genebanks through germplasm exchange and seed requests, received from domestic and foreign breeders, and collected in numerous expeditions. Broad beans are used for food (vegetable) and feed; they are adapted to a wide range of latitudes and altitudes. A larger part of the collection is represented by fodder accessions. The main principle whereupon the collection is being augmented is the priorities of domestic breeding. The paper provides information on the botanical, environmental and geographical diversity of VIR’s broad bean collection, its level of studiedness, current research issues, and the use of the collection in the breeding process. The crop’s biological traits, characteristics of vegetable and fodder accessions, current breeding trends and source material for breeding are described. A brief analysis of the current status of broad bean breeding in Russia and VIR’s contribution to this process is presented, including the Institute’s direct involvement in the development of several cultivars of both feed and food uses. Presently, 30 broad bean cultivars are listed in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation, and 28 of them are the products of domestic breeding.

scholarly journals Formulation of a complementary food fortified with broad beans (Vicia faba) in southern Ethiopia

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (58) ◽  
pp. 7789-7803
Author(s):  
A Kebebu ◽  
◽  
SJ Whiting ◽  
WJ Dahl ◽  
CJ Henry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Complementary Food ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Broad Beans

Adequate nutrient intake, especially of protein and micronutrients, enhances growth of children and decreases susceptibility to disease. Major contributing factors to malnutrition among infants and children are low purchasing power of the family resulting in poor quality foods. A cross-sectional and laboratory-based study was conducted at Titecha Kebele in Ethiopia to assess the consumption pattern of broad bean. The work also assessed use of broad bean for complementary feeding of young children, following FAO/WHO/UNU’s recommendation of adding up to a maximum of 40% legumes to cereal-based complementary food for young children. Study participants were mother-child pairs (n=169), and children were between 6-35 months of age. Most families were in poverty with stunting, wasting, and underweight present in 22.5, 4.7, and 8.3% of study children, respectively. Questionnaires gathered information on dietary intakes, and focus group discussions were used to obtain indepth information on the mother’s attitude and knowledge of child feeding, as well as overall consumption of broad beans. The mean dietary diversity score of children was approximately two out of a possible eight, and no child had consumed meat, fish, or vitamin A-containing fruits or vegetables the day before the study. Sixty percent of mothers did not provide bean-based food for their children, with the most frequently reported reason being lack of knowledge of its nutrient value for young children. To a typical complementary food of barley-maize porridge, 10, 20 and 30% of cereal was replaced by processed broad beans (Vicia faba), which increased in protein content, with no meaningful change in phytate content. Sensory evaluation showed that participant children and mothers preferred the taste of the 10% broad bean porridge; however, all added broad bean porridges had similar acceptability to the barley-maize control. Thus, inclusion of processed broad bean can effectively be done to improve nutrient content and nutrient availability of traditional cereal-based complementary foods in the Titecha kebele region of Ethiopia.

Favism-inducing toxins in broad beans (Vicia faba): Estimation of the vicine contents of broad bean and other legume samples

1977 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jalal Jamalian ◽  
Francis Aylward ◽  
Bertram J. F. Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Broad Beans

Screening broad beans (Vicia faba) for magnesium deficiency. I. Growth characteristics, visual deficiency symptoms and plant nutritional status

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuda Hariadi ◽  
Sergey Shabala
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Pigment Analysis ◽  
Plant Yield ◽  
Mg Deficiency ◽  
Deficiency Symptoms ◽  
Broad Beans ◽  
Wide Range

We used broad beans (Vicia faba L.) as a case study to characterise the development of magnesium (Mg) deficiency symptoms in plants and make a comparative evaluation of the suitability of various physiological characteristics as prospective tools for early diagnosis of Mg deficiency. Growth characteristics were measured at monthly intervals from plants grown in soil solution with a wide range of Mg concentrations (from 1 to 200 ppm). The data were then correlated with plant yield responses, pigment composition and nutrient content in leaves, as well as with visual deficiency symptoms. At the age of 4 weeks, no visual symptoms of deficiency were evident even for plants grown at 1 ppm (severe Mg deficiency). Shoot growth characteristics were very similar for a wide range of treatments, although a pronounced difference in plant yield was observed at the end of the experiment. It appears that neither plant biomass nor leaf area are good indicators for use as diagnostic tools for detection of Mg deficiency in broad beans. Although pigment analysis revealed some difference between treatments, at no age was it possible to distinguish between moderately Mg-deficient (10 or 20 ppm) and sufficient (50–80 ppm) treatments. Leaf elemental analysis for Mg content remained the most sensitive and accurate indicator of Mg deficiency in broad beans. However, it is unsuitable for screening purposes as it is both costly and time-consuming. There is a need for less expensive but effective, rapid screening tools of Mg deficiency in crops at early stages of plant ontogeny.

Plant-breeding studies in leguminous forage crops III. Preliminary studies on the developmental physiology of English stocks of beans (Vicia faba L.)

1956 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Chakravarty ◽  
Jean M. Drayner ◽  
J. L. Fyfe
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Field Bean ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Broad Beans ◽  
Developmental Physiology ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Lower Node ◽  
Field Beans

1. The reaction of spring and winter types of field beans and of Windsor broad beans to artificial vernalization treatments and to successional field sowing has been studied.2. The broad bean type came into flower earlier and at a lower node on the stem than any of the field bean types, and this was not affected by either vernalization treatments or successional sowing.3. The field bean types flowered at a low node when sown in winter, but in summer sowings the level of the first flowering node was much higher; the response of the winter types was more extreme than that of the spring types.4. In the summer sowings vernalized plants came into flower earlier and at a lower node than unvernalized, but in the winter sowings both vernalized and unvernalized material flowered at an equally low node.5. A convention for naming the different stems contributing to the yield was evolved, and using this it was shown that the date of sowing affected the stems produced.6. The survival of plants in the field was not found to be affected by vernalization previous to sowing.

The pollination requirements of broad beans and field beans (Vicia faba)

1966 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Free
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Field Bean ◽  
Broad Beans ◽  
Flowering Season ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Field Beans

1. Broad bean plants caged with bees produced more seeds per pod, more seeds per plant, heavier seeds and a greater weight of seeds per plant than plants caged without bees. They also had more mature pods at the first harvest but the total number of pods picked was about the same for cages with and without bees. The flowering season of plants caged without bees was extended.2. Field bean plants caged with bees had more seeds per pod and more seeds per plant than plants without bees.3. For both crops, plants in the open had about double the number of pods, beans and weight of beans as plants in cages.

scholarly journals ​Effects of Leonardite Application on Yield of Broad Beans (Vicia faba L.) under Low Input Rainfed Semi-arid Mediterranean Highland Condition of Turkey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özge Uçar ◽  
Sipan Soysal ◽  
Murat Erman
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Broad Beans ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Semi Arid

Background: This study was conducted to determine the effects of different doses of leonardite applications on yield and some yield components of spring grown broad beans (Vicia faba L.) in the ecological conditions of Siirt province in 2017 and 2019 in the experimental fields of Siirt University. Methods: The study was established in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Tested leonardite doses were 0, 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 kg ha-1. Conclusion: The effect of leonardite doses on all of the investigated properties was found statistically significant. According to the results, plant height, first pod height, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, 100 grain weight and grain yields were varied between 45.7-61.3 cm, 10.1-13.2 cm, 5.03-8.00 pieces per plant, 2.63-4.03 pieces per pod, 115.6-131.7 g and 1659-1808 kg ha-1, respectively. In terms of all examined properties in this research, 1000 kg ha-1 leonardite application produced the best result. According to the results obtained from this research, 1000 kg ha-1 leonardite application was recommended for broad bean cultivation in the semi-arid Mediterranean climate conditions on highlands.

In vitro fermentation of lupin seeds (Lupinus albus) and broad beans (Vicia faba): dynamic modulation of the intestinal microbiota and metabolomic output

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 3316-3322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Gullón ◽  
Beatriz Gullón ◽  
Freni Tavaria ◽  
Marta Vasconcelos ◽  
Ana Maria Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Lupinus Albus ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
In Vitro Fermentation ◽  
Dynamic Modulation ◽  
Broad Beans ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Lupin Seeds

Broad beans (Vicia faba) and lupin seeds (Lupinus albus) are legumes rich in a wide range of compounds, which may represent a useful dietary approach for modulating the human gut microbiome.

Observations on a giant race of the stem eelworm, Anguillulina dipsaci, attacking broad beans, Vicia Faba L.

1941 ◽  
Vol 19 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 114-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Goodey
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Short Account ◽  
The Past ◽  
Broad Beans ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Vicia Faba L

Debray and Maupas (1896) described a disease of broad beans, Vicia Faba L., occurring in and around Algiers, N. Africa, caused by the stem eelworm, Anguillulina dipsaci, the adults of which were considerably larger than from any other host plant attacked by this species; the females being 1·758 mm. to 2·216 mm., and the males 1·716 mm. to 2·016 mm. long. As far as the writer is aware, from the time their paper appeared to the present time no further record of such giant forms of A. dipsaci has been published. During the past few years the writer has encountered similar large forms in diseased broad bean stems, first in material originating in Portugal and on two later occasions in bean plants grown under ordinary field conditions in this country, and it seems desirable to put on record a short account of his observations.

Preparation of broad bean (Vicia faba L. minor) products Part 3. Pretreatment of broad beans and broad bean flour —processes and effects

Nahrung/Food ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 863-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ch. Schneider ◽  
M. Schultz ◽  
H. Schmandke ◽  
J. Borowska
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Broad Beans ◽  
Bean Flour ◽  
Vicia Faba L
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