scholarly journals Complex biochemical characteristics of Coriandrum sativumL

2021 ◽  
Vol 182 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-90
Author(s):  
T. V. Khmelinskaya ◽  
A. E. Smolenskaya ◽  
A. E. Solovyeva
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Practical Utilization ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Research Material ◽  
High Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Nutritional Benefits

Background. Coriandrum sativumL. is a valuable vegetable crop with early maturity and high nutritional benefits. Green biomass of coriander is rich in vitamins, especially ascorbic acid and carotene. The feasibility of using coriander as a natural food additive is due to its high antioxidant activity. The aim of this research was to study the biochemical composition of the green biomass in the accessions of C. sativumfrom the VIR global collection and identify promising accessions for use in breeding for quality.Materials and methods.The green biomass of 67 coriander accessions from different countries maintained in the VIR collection served as the research material. The study was carried out according to the guidelines developed by VIR.Results.As a result of the study, the feasibility of using C. sativumas a source of bioactive compounds was theoretically justified and experimentally confirmed, thus attesting to the prospects of coriander accessions from the VIR collection for quality-targeted breeding programs. New data were obtained on the biochemical composition of coriander green biomass. A factor determining such biochemical composition is the genotypic features of coriander associated with its origin. Biochemical parameters in coriander varied significantly depending on the origin of an accession. The highest variability was observed in the content of carotenes (CV 41%). The effect of an accession’s precocity was not confirmed. Sources for individual quality indicators were highlighted.Conclusion. Accessions with an optimal component composition for a balanced human diet were identified and recommended for quality-oriented breeding, including the development of cultivars for health-friendly, curative and preventive nutrition. The selected accessions are of interest as source material for breeding programs and practical utilization.

Vernalization response in spring oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) cultivars

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Murphy ◽  
R. Scarth
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Vernalization Response ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Cumulative Response ◽  
Cold Requirement ◽  
Key Words:Brassica

Early maturity is a major objective of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) breeding programs in western Canada. Maturity of crops is influenced by time of initiation and flowering. The presence of a vernalization requirement affects plant development by delaying floral initiation until the cold requirement of the plant has been satisfied. Five spring oilseed rape cultivars were screened for their response to vernalization. Vernalization treatments consisted of exposure of germinated seeds to 0–42 d at 4 °C. Plants were assessed under a 20-h photoperiod. In general, there was a cumulative response to vernalization, with a decrease in days to each developmental stage as exposure to 4 °C was increased. Vernalization treatment of 6 d at 4 °C was sufficient to decrease both the days to first flower and the final leaf number. The characterization of vernalization response is of interest because variation in flowering time in response to year-to-year variations in the environment could result. Key words:Brassica napus, canola, oilseed rape, vernalization

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of the Proximate and Micro-Nutritional Benefits of Pawpaw, Carrots, Turmeric and Coconut

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
CO Ajenu ◽  
◽  
EE Imhontu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Sensory Attribute ◽  
Micronutrient Malnutrition ◽  
Nutritional Benefits ◽  
Mg Content

Natural products are essential components in the human diet providing vital micronutrients such as vitamins (A, B, C, E) and minerals (calcium, potassium, sodium etc.) that are essential for proper growth and development as well as playing other roles in normal body function or metabolism. The aim of this study is to evaluate the proximate and micronutrient composition of some selected plant samples: pawpaw, carrots, turmeric and coconut. The proximate and micronutrient composition of the different fruits evaluation was carried out using methods. Results obtained shows that carrot have the highest moisture content of 84.1%, pawpaw have the highest fiber content of 23.8%, crude protein content of 12.8% and ash content of 9.6%. Coconuts have the highest fat content of 43.0% and the highest carbohydrate content was recorded in turmeric (68.59%). Highest vitamin C content was recorded in pawpaw 60.3 mg, while coconut have the highest zinc (8.0 mg), copper (4.2 mg) and iron (21.3 mg) content. Carrots have the highest sodium content of 84.0 mg. These fruits are cheap and rich in several micronutrients thus consuming them often will help reduce micronutrient malnutrition. They can also be processed into various forms domestically and on industrial scale for juices, soups, etc and can also be used to complement other foods to improve both nutrient and sensory attribute.

Selection for soyabeans with high and environmentally stable lutein concentrations

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (S1) ◽  
pp. S12-S16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Hari Dhakal ◽  
Myoung-Gun Choung ◽  
Young-Sun Hwang ◽  
Felix B. Fritschi ◽  
J. Grover Shannon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
High Stability ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Breeding Objective ◽  
Late Maturity ◽  
Selection For ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Nutritional Benefits

Lutein has significant nutritional benefits for human health. Therefore, enhancing soybean lutein concentrations is an important breeding objective. However, selection for soybeans with high and environmentally stable lutein concentrations has been limited. The objectives of this study were to select soybeans with high seed lutein concentrations and to determine the stability of lutein concentrations across environments. A total of 314 genotypes were screened and 18 genotypes with high lutein concentrations and five genotypes with low lutein concentrations were selected for further examination. These 23 genotypes and two check varieties were evaluated under six environments (two planting dates for 2 years at one location and two planting dates for 1 year at another location). Lutein concentrations were influenced by genotype, environment and genotype × environment interactions. Genotypes with late maturity and low lutein concentrations were more stable than those with early maturity and high concentrations. Early (May) planting resulted in greater lutein concentrations than late (June) planting. Among the genotypes evaluated, PI603423B (7.7 μg/g) and PI89772 (5.8 μg/g) had the greatest mean lutein concentrations and exhibited medium and high stability across the six environments, respectively. Thus, these genotypes may be useful for breeding soybeans with high and stable seed lutein concentrations.

Nutritional Benefits of Selected Plant-Based Proteins as Meat Alternatives

2021 ◽  
pp. 1139-1160
Author(s):  
Seydi Yıkmış ◽  
Ramazan Mert Atan ◽  
Nursena Kağan ◽  
Levent Gülüm ◽  
Harun Aksu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Animal Protein ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Greenhouse Gases Emissions ◽  
Main Protein ◽  
Nutritional Benefits

Humans meet their nutritional requirements by consuming food, and our body uses naturally sufficient amounts of all necessary nutrients to maintain its functioning. Proteins form the basis of the human diet because they are necessary for immune responses, cell signals, muscle masses, and the repair of damaged cells. Animal and plant food products are the main protein sources in the human diet. Based on scientific evidence, proteins derived from animals recently started to be replaced by plant-based options as prefered proteins for a range of reasons. Consumption of non-meat protein sources being shown to be healthy and environmentally friendly is a major consideration. Plant-based protein is helping minimize high cholesterol, type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, obesity, certain types of cancer, including colorectal, ovarian, and breast cancers, and a diet based on non-animal proteins could increase life expectancy and decrease greenhouse gases emissions from livestock as less resources are used for plant production. The chapter describes the nutritional benefits and current uses of nine non-animal protein sources and the health benefits arising from replacing animal protein.

scholarly journals Biochemical Composition of Some Selected Aquatic Macrophytes Under Ex-Situ Conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Harich And Hazra ◽  
Md Al Mujaddade Alfasane ◽  
Sharmin Kauser ◽  
Umme Fatema Shahjadee ◽  
Moniruzzaman Khondker
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Plants ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Aquatic Macrophytes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Culture Studies ◽  
Ipomoea Aquatica ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus

Ex-situ culture studies of five selected aquatic macrophytes, namely Nymphaea nouchali Burm. f., Enhydra fluctuans Lour., Ipomoea aquatica Forsk., Hygroryza aristata (Retz.) Nees ex Wight & Arn. and Limnocharis flava (L.) Buch. were carried out. Comparing the biochemical composition of the above mentioned five aquatic macrophytes, on an average, Enhydra fluctuans was found to contain highest amounts of proteins (18.20%) and Ipomoea aquatica contains highest amounts of carbohydrate (58.60%). Lowest amounts of proteins (14.35%) were recorded in Hygroryza aristata and Limnocharis flava. On the other hand lowest amounts of carbohydrates were obtained in Nymphaea nouchali. Ipomoea aquatica contained highest amounts of energy (321.23 kcal) and lowest amount was observed in Limnocharis flava. The five aquatic plants were low in fiber, fat and also in ash. Among all the five aquatic macrophytes, highest values of calcium and phosphorus were found to be present in Limnocharis flava and iron was highest in Nymphaea nouchali. Lowest values of calcium and phosphorus were present in Ipomoea aquatica and lowest amount of iron was present in Limnochris flava. The present study demonstrated that, these five aquatic macrophytes are the important sources of carbohydrate, protein and minerals, which are suitable for incorporation in human diet and feed also. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 44(1): 53-60, June 2018

scholarly journals Biochemical value of berries of promising edible honeysuckle varieties for the production of functional food products

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012097
Author(s):  
IB Kirina ◽  
L V Titova ◽  
E I Popova ◽  
L V Grigoreva ◽  
Yu V Khoroshkova
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Food Products ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Maturation Period ◽  
Central Chernozem Region ◽  
High Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Fruit Drink ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Central Chernozem

Abstract Lonicera edulis L. occupies a special place among sparsely distributed garden crops in the middle horticulture zone of Russia. The main advantages of the culture are its long maturation period, long fruiting period, high plasticity, value of the biochemical composition of berries. The paper presents experimental data on the biochemical composition of honeysuckle berries of the new generation introduced under the conditions of the Central Chernozem Region. Varieties with high levels of soluble dry substances, sugars, ascorbic acid, flavonols are noted. Prospects of obtaining functional food products using fresh honeysuckle fruits are considered. “Honeysuckle” fruit drink and low-calorie jams with high antioxidant activity are obtained.

scholarly journals Biochemical and agro-technological evaluation of the assortment of tomatoes to create a functional food

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012072
Author(s):  
A Yu Medelyaeva ◽  
A F Bukharov ◽  
Yu V Trunov ◽  
S I Danilin ◽  
D V Akishin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Technological Evaluation

Abstract Tomatoes are the main vegetable crops in open and protected ground. Currently, a huge number of varieties and hybrids have been created for industrial and amateur vegetable growing, which differ in the type of bush, yield, early maturity, marketability, disease resistance, color, shape, size, mechanical strength, and biochemical composition of fruits (content of dry substances, sugars, vitamins, mineral salts, organic acids and other vital ingredients). Therefore, not all varieties are equally suitable for processing into functional food products. The article considers the assortment of tomatoes for open ground by yield, marketable qualities and the main indicators of the biochemical composition of the fruit: acidity, dry matter content, sugars, vitamin C, the accumulation of nitrates in the fruit, as well as by taste. As a result of a comprehensive assessment of 9 varieties of tomatoes, the varieties Nepryadva, Belkhavsky and Pulsar were identified, which have high yield, marketability, taste qualities of fruits, vitamin value and suitability for processing into functional products. In breeding for use as sources, the main economically valuable traits are of interest: yield and marketability of fruits – Belkowski, Nepryadva, Pulsar, the size of the fruit – Belkowski, Pulsar; the content of dry substances Belkovsky, Bui-Tur, Nepryadva, Pulsar; vitamin C – Belkowski, Bui-Tur, Pulsar; on the accumulation of nitrate – Nepryadva, Shuttle, Beljavsky, Kulon; taste – Belkowski, Nepryadva, Bui-Tur, Pulsar, Yakhont.

scholarly journals Biochemical Characterization by GC-MS of Palm Kernel Oils Produced in Côte d’Ivoire

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Ahou Irène Kouadio
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Undecylenic Acid ◽  
Human Diet

The objective of this study was to determine biochemical composition of palm kernel oils produced and consuming in Côte d’Ivoire in order to find out those more suitable for human diet. Our preliminary investigations showed that palm kernel oils consumed in Côte d’Ivoire were those extracted from varieties Dura and Tenera of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Thus, the types of oils analyzed in this study were oil extracted from the variety Dura (OD) and oil extrated from the variety Tenera (OT). The GC-MS was used to determine the biochemical composition of these oils. The results obtained show that in each oil, seventeen fatty acids were identified by GC–MS. However, among these fatty acids, undecylenic acid was identified only in OD and heptanoic acid was identified only in OT. The two types of oil are rich in saturated fatty acids. However, OD had a relatively higher unsaturated fatty acids content. For the other compounds identified, OT had significantly the highest contents of polyphenols, α-tocopherol and sterols with the predominance of β-sitosterol. These results support that palm kernel oil extracted from the variety Tenera is rich in natural compounds that could be developed as nutraceuticals and phytomedicine. However, some unexpected compounds such as lactones were also identified in the two types of oils. Moreover, it is noted that these lactones were more abundant in oil extracted from the variety Dura (OD).

scholarly journals Bioaccumulation of Macronutrients in Edible Mushrooms in Various Habitat Conditions of NW Poland—Role in the Human Diet

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8881
Author(s):  
Ryszard Malinowski ◽  
Zofia Sotek ◽  
Małgorzata Stasińska ◽  
Katarzyna Malinowska ◽  
Patrycja Radke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Human Organism ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Nw Poland

Recently, the interest in mushroom consumption has been growing, since their taste and low calorific value are appreciated, but also due to their nutritional value. In determining the usefulness of mushrooms in the human diet, it is important to consider the conditions of their occurrence to perform the assessment of bioaccumulation of minerals. The aim of the study was: (a) to determine the content of selected macronutrients (P, K, Ca, Mg, Na) in fruiting bodies of Boletus edulis, Imleria badia, Leccinum scabrum and the soils, (b) to determine their bioaccumulation potential taking into account the habitat conditions, and (c) an attempt to estimate their role in covering the requirement for macronutrients of the human organism. The research material was obtained in the NW of Poland: Uznam and Wolin, the Drawa Plain and the Ińsko Lakeland. In the soil, we determined the content of organic matter, pH, salinity and the content of absorbable and general forms of macronutrients. The content of macronutrients in mushrooms was also determined. Chemical analyses were performed using the generally accepted test methods. The study showed that in NW Poland, B. edulis grew on the acidic soils of Arenosols, and I. badia and L. scabrum grew on Podzols. The uptake of K, Mg and Ca by the tested mushrooms was positively, and P and Na negatively correlated with the content of these elements in the soil. The acidity of the soil affected the uptake of K and Mg by mushrooms. There was no effect of the amount of organic matter in the soil noticed on the content of macronutrients (except sodium) in mushrooms. Among the studied macronutrients, none of the mushrooms accumulated Ca, while P and K were generally accumulated in the highest amounts, regardless of the species. Each of the other elements was usually accumulated at a similar level in the fruiting bodies of the species we studied. The exception was I. badia, which accumulated higher amounts of Mg compared to B. edulis and L. scabrum. Mushrooms can enrich the diet with some macronutrients, especially in P and K.

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