scholarly journals Revealing the potential of potato varieties with colored pulp in the conditions of the Murmansk region

VAVILOVIA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-47
Author(s):  
S. N. Travina

A collection of 15 potato varieties ‘Seyanets Stepana’, ‘Stepan’, ‘Yekzotika’, ‘Fioletik’, ‘Kubinka’, ‘Vasilok’, ‘Lekar’’, ‘Severnoye Siyaniye’, ‘Ametist’, ‘Gurman’, ‘Perlamutrovyy’, ‘Ves siniy’, ‘Ves krasnyy’, ‘Klyukvenno-krasnyy’, ‘Malina’ was studied in the Arctic North. All the studied accessions demonstrated antioxidant properties and suitability for dietetic and therapeutic nutrition. The study was conducted in accordance with the VIR Guidelines. During a three-year study, the studied varieties displayed purple (blue) and red tuber pulp coloration of varying degrees of intensity. Even the varieties with white flesh ‘Kubinka’ (к-25276), ‘Vasilok’ (к-25199) had a slightly colored pulp along the vascular ring. The trait of colored tuber pulp variability is determined at the gene level. Probably, the long Polar day and low air temperatures contributed to the intense biosynthesis of anthocyanins. When studying economically valuable traits in the conditions of the Murmansk region, almost all varieties behaved as late ripening and unsuitable for cultivation for early production. The standard variety ‘Khibinskiy ranniy’ produced an average of 520 g/bush with 76% marketability in the trial dig. By the final harvesting, the standard yields an average of 800 g/bush with 87% marketability. The highest values of early yield accumulation (79-80% of the standard) in the Arctic North were displayed by the varieties ‘Fioletik’ (k-24754) and ‘Severnoye Siyaniye’ (k-25344). High yields at the final harvest were characteristic of the varieties ‘Fioletik’ (k-24754), ‘Gurman’ (vr.k.-p 523), and ‘Perlamutrovyy’ (vr.k.-p 526). In terms of the starch content, the varieties ‘Kubinka’ (19,3%), ‘Yekzotika’ (15,2%), ‘Gurman’ (16,7%) ‘Fioletik’ (14,2%), ‘Lekar’’ (13,2%), ‘Perlamutrovyy’ (14,2%) were distinguished. The high starch content is likely due to meteorological conditions and the genetic characteristics of the varieties. All varieties show signs of late ripening. For cultivation in the Arctic North, the varieties ‘Fioletik’ (к-24754), ‘Severnoye Siyaniye’ (k-25344); ‘Gurman’ (vr.k.-p 523), ‘Perlamutrovyy’ (vr.k.-p 526), and ‘Klyukvenno-krasnyy’ (vr.k.-p 522) can be recommended.

2021 ◽  
Vol 843 (1) ◽  
pp. 012014
Author(s):  
T V Boeva ◽  
Sh B Bairambekov ◽  
A S Sokolov ◽  
G N Kiseleva

Abstract The article presents the results of the ecological test of 13 promising varieties of potato in a hot climate of the Astrakhan region. The analysis of the potato various samples productivity showed that under the spring planting period ten samples had the yielding capacity on 4.2-19.6 t/ha higher than the standard variety Impala (44.7 t/ha). High air temperatures during the summer planting period were the cause of the reduction in yield in almost all samples due to the decrease in the number and weight of tubers from one plant. The varietal specimen 10C-120-003 was able to produce a high yield under specific conditions of the region, which was on 2.4 t/ha higher compared to the same indicator in the spring planting period. The following specimens were distinguished by the starch content in potato tubers: Doka-2 and 10C-120-003 (19.2%), La Strada (18.4%), Flamingo (18.1%), Karmen (16.9%), 172/24 (16.3%), Real and 10C-135-015 (15.2%). The specimens Primabel, 802/17 and Baltic Rose have accumulated in tubers the largest amount of vitamin C, the surplus in relation to the standard was 0.1-0.3-0.6 mg% respectively. The cost-effectiveness analysis showed that cultivation of potato in the conditions of the Astrakhan region on drip irrigation conditions is profitable.


2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
CHelnokova V.V.

The problem of creating varieties with a complex of economically useful features in the effective use of the natural resources of the region requires the establishment of parameters and properties of potato varieties, which would provide stably high yields per area unit with good consumer and commodity qualities, resistance to diseases with a high probability. Acceleration of the process of identification and transfer to the State Commission of the Russian Federation for testing and protecting selection achievements of prospective potato selection varieties is the goal of environmental testing conducted on the basis of the Murmansk State Agricultural Experimental Station. Based on the conducted studies of the agro-climatic resources of the region and potato variety testing, a model of targeted potato varieties for the conditions of the Far North is described. This model will allow selection of new varieties adapted to local agro-landscapes to increase production, reduce the cost of its cultivation and improve consumer qualities. A new technique has been developed and its ability to produce statistically reliable results in testing of potato sorts at a lower cost of labor and funds is estimated. When introduced into practice, this technique will allow to effectively promote scientific and technological progress in the production of agricultural products, reducing the cost of it. The study and selection for different soil and climatic zones of the country of varieties with any speed ripening, high-yield, high-value, high content of protein and vitamins in tubers, good taste and storage stability, resistant to diseases and suitable for food and industrial processing will be improved. The main emphasis in the improved methodology is given to reducing its laboriousness, which is reduced by 20%, with high statistical reliability of the results obtained.


2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Александр Мушинский ◽  
Aleksandr Mushinsky ◽  
Евгения Аминова ◽  
Evgeniy Aminova ◽  
Алия Саудабаева ◽  
...  

The research aim is identification of promising varieties that provide the highest productivity and adaptability to soil and climatic conditions of the Orenburg Region. Nowadays, the introduction of new table varieties into production, capable of resisting the influence of unfavorable abiotic and biotic environmental factors, will make it possible to better meet the population's need for high-quality potatoes. In 2016-2018 In the irrigated conditions of Orenburg, a comparative test of eighteen potato varieties was carried out (Lyubava, Kuzovok, Red Scarlett, Burren, Barna, Nev-sky, Fresco, Spiridon, Tarasov, Sante, Impala, Sherry, Rosara, Zakhar, Agat, Itzil, Cavalier, Bracelet). The experi-ment was laid on the basis of OOO Agrofirma Promyshlennaya, the soil cover of the plot is the southern terraced chernozem medium medium humid medium soil. Annually fertilizer was applied with a dose of N75P120K112 kg d.v. The experience was laid on a single-factor scheme in 3 replicates. Plot area 140 m2 (50 m × 2.8 m), accounting – 70 m2 (50 m × 1.4 m). The yield, marketability, starch and dry matter content in potato tubers were determined. Years of research differed in climatic characteristics, which made it possible to reliably assess the possibilities of the varie-ties under study. As a result of three years of research, the maximum productivity of 46.5 and 44.8 t/ha was ob-served in the Cavalier and Barna varieties, which exceeded the yield of the standard Nevsky variety by 42 and 45 %, respectively. The maximum number of tubers from one plant was obtained from the varieties Lyubava (15 pcs/bush) and Barna (12 pcs/bush). The most adaptive to local conditions varieties of potato were distinguished, combining high yields over 40 t/ha and starch content (> 14 %): Cavalier, Lubawa, Tarasov and Burren. The studies were carried out in accordance with the research plan for 2019-2020 Federal State Scientific Institution «Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agro-technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences» (№ 0761-2019-0011).


2019 ◽  
pp. 18-29
Author(s):  
Ludmila Fedotova ◽  
Nadezhda Timoshina ◽  
Elena Knyazeva ◽  
Sergey Zhevora ◽  
Adam Shabanov ◽  
...  

he article studies the influence of biological and climatic conditions for productivity of potato varieties. It was established that the hydrothermal conditions of July is most responsible for the formation of potato yields, and varietal characteristics associated with the period of physiological maturation affected the productivity and quality of 19 varieties of potatoes. The conducted correlation and regression analysis showed the presence of an average relationship between yield and July rainfall (r = 0.46-0.62) in three varieties: Ladoga (r = 0.62), Nakra (r = 0.57), Bryansky delicates (r = 0.46), and a strong positive dependence in the remaining potato varieties (r = 0.71-0.92), as well as a strong negative relationship in all varieties with the July air temperature (r = - 0.72-0.93 ), the participation of the temperature factor is 52-87%. The most late variety Lorkh (r = - 0.93) turned out to be the most dependent on the action of air temperatures. The starch content in the products was determined by variety and was a more stable sign than the yield. Starchiness increased from early to mid-late varieties. Negative correlation was established between the increase in precipitation and the accumulation of vitamin C in potato tubers.


2020 ◽  
pp. 18-20
Author(s):  
Т.Э. Остонакулов ◽  
А.А. Шамсиев

В 2017–2019 годах изучены сортообразцы сладкого картофеля на староорошаемых лугово-сероземных почвах Зарафшанской долины. Цель исследований – комплексная оценка сортообразцов батата в условиях Зарафшанской долины по скороспелости, росту, развитию, интенсивному размножению, формированию урожая, компактности клубней в гнезде, продуктивности, урожайности и лежкости клубней и выделение из них перспективных, а также разработка приемов агротехнологии получения высоких урожаев для данных условий. Почвы опытного участка характеризуются благоприятными агрофизическими и водными свойствами и низким содержанием гумуса, нитратного азота, подвижного фосфора и содержанием обменного калия от низкого до среднего. Сравнивали 18 сортообразцов батата. Выделенные сортообразцы изучали при ширине междурядий 70 и 90 см со схемой 70×25 и 90×20 см по 1, 2 и 3 растения в гнезде. Для получения рассады сортообразцов батата брали по 40 клубней и высаживали 20–22 февраля в пленочной теплице при температуре 15–18 °C, заделывая их на глубину 3–5 см. Влажность почвы поддерживали на уровне 65–70%. Через 7–10 дней после высадки почки начинают прорастать, а через 43–48 дней формируется рассада высотой 12–15 см, готовая для высадки в поле. Высадка рассады, как и других рассадных культур (томата, перца, баклажана) – по схеме 70×20–25 см во второй-третьей декаде апреля. Уход включал в себя междурядную обработку (культивация), прополку, борьбу с сорняками, подкормку, поливы. Уборка урожая – в конце сентября-начале октября с помощью картофелекопателя. В результате исследований выделились сорта по скороспелости, дружности формирования ростков, ускоренному размножению, продуктивности, компактности клубней в гнезде и с высоким товарным урожаем – Сочакинур, Хар-Бей и Япон. Возделывание этих сортообразцов по схеме 70×25 и 90×20 см способствует получению товарного урожая высокого качества не менее 43–48 т/га. In 2017–2019, studies were conducted on the study of varieties of sweet potatoes on old-irrigated meadow-gray-earth soils of the Zarafshan valley. The purpose of the research is a comprehensive assessment of sweet potato varieties in the conditions of the Zarafshan valley in terms of early maturity, growth, development, intensive reproduction, yield formation, compactness of tubers in the nest, productivity, yield and keeping quality of tubers and the selection of promising ones, as well as the development of methods of agricultural technology for obtaining high yields for given conditions. The soil is characterized by favorable agrophysical and water properties and low content of humus, nitrate nitrogen, mobile phosphorus and a low-average content of exchange potassium. Eighteen sweet potato varieties were compared. The selected variety samples were studied with a row spacing of 70 and 90 cm with a scheme of 70×25 and 90×20 cm for 1, 2 and 3 seedlings in the nest. To obtain seedlings of sweet potato varieties, 40 tubers were taken and planted on February 20–22 in a film greenhouse at a temperature of 15–18 °C, seeding to a depth of 3–5 cm, the soil moisture was maintained at 65–70%. 7–10 days after planting, the buds began to germinate, and after 43–48 days, seedlings were formed with a height of 12–15 cm, which is ready for planting in the field. Planting seedlings in the field is carried out, as well as other seedlings (tomato, pepper, eggplant) according to the scheme 70x20–25 cm in the second or third decade of April. Growing includes inter-row processing (cultivation), weeding, weed control, top dressing, watering. Harvesting in late September, early October with a potato digger. As a result of the research, varieties were identified in terms of early maturity, sprout formation, accelerated reproduction, productivity, compactness of tubers in the nest and ensuring a high marketable yield – Sochakinur, Xar-Bey, and Japon. The cultivation of these varieties according to the scheme 70×25 and 90×20 cm contributes to the production of a commodity crop at 43–48 t/ha with good qualities.


Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 523
Author(s):  
Stefania Stelluti ◽  
Matteo Caser ◽  
Sonia Demasi ◽  
Valentina Scariot

Tepals constitute the most abundant bio-residues of saffron (Crocus sativus L.). As they are a natural source of polyphenols with antioxidant properties, they could be processed to generate valuable biorefinery products for applications in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries, becoming a new source of income while reducing bio-waste. Proper storage of by-products is important in biorefining and dehydration is widely used in the herb sector, especially for highly perishable harvested flowers. This study aimed to deepen the phytochemical composition of dried saffron tepals and to investigate whether this was influenced by the extraction technique. In particular, the conventional maceration was compared with the Ultrasound Assisted Extraction (UAE), using different solvents (water and three methanol concentrations, i.e., 20%, 50%, and 80%). Compared to the spice, the dried saffron tepals showed a lower content of total phenolics (average value 1127.94 ± 32.34 mg GAE 100 g−1 DW) and anthocyanins (up to 413.30 ± 137.16 mg G3G 100 g−1 DW), but a higher antioxidant activity, which was measured through the FRAP, ABTS, and DPPH assays. The HPLC-DAD analysis detected some phenolic compounds (i.e., ferulic acid, isoquercitrin, and quercitrin) not previously found in fresh saffron tepals. Vitamin C, already discovered in the spice, was interestingly detected also in dried tepals. Regarding the extraction technique, in most cases, UAE with safer solvents (i.e., water or low percentage of methanol) showed results of phenolic compounds and vitamin C similar to maceration, allowing an improvement in extractions by halving the time. Thus, this study demonstrated that saffron tepals can be dried maintaining their quality and that green extractions can be adopted to obtain high yields of valuable antioxidant phytochemicals, meeting the requirement for a sustainable biorefining.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2283
Author(s):  
Hyangsun Han ◽  
Sungjae Lee ◽  
Hyun-Cheol Kim ◽  
Miae Kim

The Arctic sea ice concentration (SIC) in summer is a key indicator of global climate change and important information for the development of a more economically valuable Northern Sea Route. Passive microwave (PM) sensors have provided information on the SIC since the 1970s by observing the brightness temperature (TB) of sea ice and open water. However, the SIC in the Arctic estimated by operational algorithms for PM observations is very inaccurate in summer because the TB values of sea ice and open water become similar due to atmospheric effects. In this study, we developed a summer SIC retrieval model for the Pacific Arctic Ocean using Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) observations and European Reanalysis Agency-5 (ERA-5) reanalysis fields based on Random Forest (RF) regression. SIC values computed from the ice/water maps generated from the Korean Multi-purpose Satellite-5 synthetic aperture radar images from July to September in 2015–2017 were used as a reference dataset. A total of 24 features including the TB values of AMSR2 channels, the ratios of TB values (the polarization ratio and the spectral gradient ratio (GR)), total columnar water vapor (TCWV), wind speed, air temperature at 2 m and 925 hPa, and the 30-day average of the air temperatures from the ERA-5 were used as the input variables for the RF model. The RF model showed greatly superior performance in retrieving summer SIC values in the Pacific Arctic Ocean to the Bootstrap (BT) and Arctic Radiation and Turbulence Interaction STudy (ARTIST) Sea Ice (ASI) algorithms under various atmospheric conditions. The root mean square error (RMSE) of the RF SIC values was 7.89% compared to the reference SIC values. The BT and ASI SIC values had three times greater values of RMSE (20.19% and 21.39%, respectively) than the RF SIC values. The air temperatures at 2 m and 925 hPa and their 30-day averages, which indicate the ice surface melting conditions, as well as the GR using the vertically polarized channels at 23 GHz and 18 GHz (GR(23V18V)), TCWV, and GR(36V18V), which accounts for atmospheric water content, were identified as the variables that contributed greatly to the RF model. These important variables allowed the RF model to retrieve unbiased and accurate SIC values by taking into account the changes in TB values of sea ice and open water caused by atmospheric effects.


2021 ◽  
pp. 34-37
Author(s):  
В.К. Сердеров ◽  
Д.В. Сердерова

Большое значение в увеличении продуктивности картофеля имеет внедрение в производство перспективных высокоурожайных сортов и гибридов, приспособленных к местным природно-климатическим условиям возделывания, от чего зависят эффективность отрасли и себестоимость продукции. Цель работы – изучить влияние климатических условий на продуктивность и качественные показатели сортов и гибридов картофеля, а также использование ими благоприятных почвенно-климатических условий высокогорья Республики Дагестан, для размножения и внедрения в производство новых перспективных, высокоурожайных, приспособленных к условиям среды выращивания сортов картофеля с комплексом хозяйственно-ценных признаков. Объектом изучения послужили сорта картофеля раннего, среднераннего и среднего сроков созревания российской, белорусской и иностранной селекции. Полевые опыты закладывали в 2014–2017 годах на высоте 2000–2200 м, на землях горного опорного пункта «Курахский» Курахского района и на равнинной провинции (Прикаспийской низменности) на территории дачного массива «Наука» Махачкалинского района Республики Дагестан. Схема посадки – 70×30 см, повторность – четырехкратная. Технология выращивания картофеля – гребневая. При проведении полевых опытов использовали общепринятые методики. Практически все сорта картофеля, выращенные на равнинной провинции, сформировали высокий урожай в первый год и при дальнейшем размножении в результате развития вирусных болезней резко снизили свои продуктивные качества. Наиболее высокая урожайность в среднем за три года отмечена у сортов Жуковский ранний (20,8 т/га), Импала (20,5 т/га), Невский (17,8 т/га), Предгорный (16,9 т/га) и Удача (16,3 т/га). В свою очередь, горная провинция Дагестана характеризовалась благоприятными почвенно-климатическими условиями для возделывания как продовольственного картофеля, так и для организации первичного семеноводства на безвирусной основе и размножения перспективных сортов этой культуры. В среднем за годы исследований в горной провинции по урожайности выделились сорта Сильвана (37,4 т/га), Удача (37,6 т/га), Рокко (33,3 т/га), Импала (31,7 т/га), Жуковский ранний (29,0 т/га), Предгорный (27,7 т/га) и Примобелла (27,7 т/га), а также гибриды № 12.40/17 (43,1 т/га) и № 13.61/61 (38,8 т/га). The introduction of promising high-yielding varieties and hybrids adapted to the local natural and climatic conditions of cultivation is of great importance in increasing the productivity of potatoes, which determines the efficiency of the industry and the cost of production. The aim of the work is to study the influence of climatic conditions on the productivity and quality indicators of potato varieties and hybrids, as well as their use of favorable soil and climatic conditions in the highlands of the Republic of Dagestan, for breeding and introducing into production new promising, high-yielding, adapted to the growing environment of potato varieties with a complex of economically valuable characteristics. The object of the study was potato varieties of early, mid-early and medium maturation periods of Russian, Belarusian and foreign selection. Field experiments were conducted in 2014–2017 at an altitude of 2000–2200 m, on the lands of the mountain stronghold Kurakhsky of the Kukhar district and on the plain province (the Caspian lowland) on the territory of the suburban area Nauka of the Makhachkala district of the Republic of Dagestan. The landing scheme is 70×30 cm, the repeatability is four times. The technology of growing potatoes is combed. When conducting field experiments, generally accepted methods were used. Almost all potato varieties grown in the lowland province formed a high yield in the first year and, with further propagation, as a result of the development of viral diseases, sharply reduced their productive qualities. The highest yield on average for three years was observed in the varieties Zhukovskiy ranniy (20.8 t/ha), Impala (20.5 t/ha), Nevsky (17.8 t/ha), Predgornyy (16.9 t/ha) and Udacha (16.3 t/ha). In turn, the mountain province of Dagestan was characterized by favorable soil and climatic conditions for the cultivation of both food potatoes, and for the organization of primary seed production on a virus-free basis and the reproduction of promising varieties of this crop. On average, over the years of research in the mountain province, the varieties Silvana (37.4 t/ha), Udacha (37.6 t/ha), Rocco (33.3 t/ha), Impala (31.7 t/ha), Zhukovskiy ranniy (29.0 t/ha), Predgornyy (27.7 t/ha) and Primobella (27.7 t/ha), as well as hybrids No.12.40/17 (43.1 t/ha) and No.13.61/61 (38.8 t/ha) were distinguished by yield.


Author(s):  
Е.С. Хаценко ◽  
Л.С. Лычкина

Представленная статья посвящена теоретико-правовым аспектам формирования экономической политики Российской Арктики, создание и регулирование Арктического экономического кластера. The presented article is devoted to the theoretical and legal aspects of the formation of the economic policy of the Russian Arctic, the creation and regulation of the Arctic economic cluster.


2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-39
Author(s):  
Liang Chang ◽  
Lixin Guo ◽  
Guiping Feng ◽  
Xuerui Wu ◽  
Guoping Gao ◽  
...  

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document