scholarly journals APPLICATION OF CAD IN PRINTED ELECTRONICS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihail Lapshov ◽  
Sergey Prytkov
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Printed Electronics ◽  
Cad Systems ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Speed Up

The article discusses the use of CAD systems for printed electronics methods. The differences in the use of CAD for printed electronics in comparison with traditional ones are described. Arguments are given in favor of the need to create an applied CAD system to speed up the development and design process in printed electronics.

Analysing Mechanical Systems in Domestic and Foreign CAD Systems

2018 ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
V. A. Martynyuk ◽  
V. A. Trudonoshin ◽  
V. G. Fedoruk
Keyword(s):  
Sheet Material ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Cad Systems ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Software Products ◽  
Foreign Products ◽  
Nonlinear Algebraic Systems ◽  
Software Product ◽  
Pipeline Design ◽  
The Mathematical Model

The article considers applications of foreign CAD-systems in creating the challenging projects at domestic enterprises and design bureaus. As stated in the article "... presently, there is no domestic CAD-system that could completely replace such foreign products as NX, CATIA, Credo". Besides, due to international cooperation in creating the challenging projects (for example, the project to create a modern wide-body aircraft, proposed jointly with China), it makes sense to use the worldwide known and popular CAD systems (the aforementioned NX, CATIA, Credo). Therefore, in the foreseeable future, we will still have to use foreign software products. Of course, there always remains a question of the reliability of the results obtained. Actually, this question is always open regardless of what software product is used - domestic or foreign. This question has been haunting both developers and users of CAD systems for the last 30 to 40 years. But with using domestic systems, it is much easier to identify the cause of inaccurate results and correct the mathematical models used, the methods of numerical integration applied, and the solution of systems of nonlinear algebraic systems. Everything is much more complicated if we use a foreign software product. All advertising conversations that there is a tool to make the detected errors available to the developers, remain only conversations in the real world. It is easily understandable to domestic users, and, especially, to domestic developers of similar software products. The existing development rates and competition for potential buyers dictate a rigid framework of deadlines for releasing all new versions of the product and introducing the latest developments into commercial product, etc. As a result, the known errors migrate from version to version, and many users have accepted it long ago. Especially, this concerns the less popular tools rather than the most popular applications (modules) of a CAD system. For example, in CAD systems, the "Modeling" module where geometric models of designed parts and assembly units are created has been repeatedly crosschecked. But most of the errors are hidden in applications related to the design of parts from sheet material and to the pipeline design, as well as in applications related to the analysis of moving mechanisms and to the strength or gas dynamic analysis by the finite element method.The article gives a concrete example of a moving mechanism in the analysis of which an error was detected using the mathematical model of external influence (a source of speed) in the NX 10.0 system of Siemens.

BIM TECHNOLOGY AS AN ELEMENT OF MODERN CONSTRUCTION

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
A. Nikolayeva ◽  
O. Gorbunova
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Safe Operation ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Software Products ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Very High

When designing and implementing BIM technologies, it is of particular importance to take into account fire safety requirements to eliminate errors in the decisions made, as well as for safe operation in the future. This topic is very relevant today and the need for compliance with fire safety requirements is very high. To solve these problems, the use of modern software products, such as Autodesk Revit, can play a huge role. The use of such programs makes it possible to significantly speed up the design process of all systems of the building under construction, as well as to develop an information model in detail, which will allow an objective assessment of accidents and provide objective information about them. These technologies make it possible to fully design buildings and structures, having calculated all the processes, to provide the most effective solutions at all stages of the project, which reduces costs and reduces the time of commissioning of the object. The article reveals the concept of BIM technologies, their main advantages, and application experience.

Electronic Sensor Design Principles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Tartagni
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Sensor Design ◽  
Overall Design ◽  
Electronic Sensor ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
Electronic Sensors

Get up to speed with the fundamentals of electronic sensor design with this comprehensive guide, and discover powerful techniques to reduce the overall design timeline for your specific applications. Includes a step-by-step introduction to a generalized information-centric approach for designing electronic sensors, demonstrating universally applicable practical approaches to speed up the design process. Features detailed coverage of all the tools necessary for effective characterization and organization of the design process, improving overall process efficiency. Provides a coherent and rigorous theoretical framework for understanding the fundamentals of sensor design, to encourage an intuitive understanding of sensor design requirements. Emphasising an integrated interdisciplinary approach throughout, this is an essential tool for professional engineers and graduate students keen to improve their understanding of cutting-edge electronic sensor design.

scholarly journals The Connection between Czc and Cad Systems Involved in Cadmium Resistance in Pseudomonas putida

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (18) ◽  
pp. 9697
Author(s):  
Huizhong Liu ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Yingsi Wang ◽  
Xiaobao Xie ◽  
Qingshan Shi
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Putida ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Response Regulator ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Cadmium Resistance ◽  
Cad Systems ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Considerable Resistance ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

Heavy metal pollution is widespread and persistent, and causes serious harm to the environment. Pseudomonas putida, a representative environmental microorganism, has strong resistance to heavy metals due to its multiple efflux systems. Although the functions of many efflux systems have been well-studied, the relationship between them remains unclear. Here, the relationship between the Czc and Cad systems that are predominantly responsible for cadmium efflux in P. putida KT2440 is identified. The results demonstrated that CzcR3, the response regulator of two-component system CzcRS3 in the Czc system, activates the expression of efflux pump genes czcCBA1 and czcCBA2 by directly binding to their promoters, thereby helping the strain resist cadmium stress. CzcR3 can also bind to its own promoter, but it has only a weak regulatory effect. The high-level expression of czcRS3 needs to be induced by Cd2+, and this relies on the regulation of CadR, a key regulator in the Cad system, which showed affinity to czcRS3 promoter. Our study indicates that the Cad system is involved in the regulation of the Czc system, and this relationship is important for maintaining the considerable resistance to cadmium in P. putida.

scholarly journals Development of an Additional System for Wheel Bearing Protection

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-75
Author(s):  
Jan Steininger ◽  
Peter Spisak ◽  
Frantisek Brumercik ◽  
Igor Gajdac
Keyword(s):  
Additive Technologies ◽  
3D Scanner ◽  
Engineering Technology ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Common Operation ◽  
Part Model ◽  
Wheel Bearing

AbstractThe main goal of the article is to describe the development and production of a prototype of an additional system for wheel motor bearing protection using additive technologies. These technologies include rapid prototyping and vacuum casting. These technologies greatly facilitate and speed up the whole process of developing a new component. Before the development itself, it was necessary to digitize the wheel hub using reverse engineering technology. Using a 3D scanner, a part model was created, based on which an additional system for wheel bearing protection was designed for the CAD system. The dimensional analysis of the produced prototypes was performed. Prototypes of the protection system made of different materials will be tested in common operation conditions.

scholarly journals A neural network for glomerulus classification based on histological images of kidney biopsy

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giacomo Donato Cascarano ◽  
Francesco Saverio Debitonto ◽  
Ruggero Lemma ◽  
Antonio Brunetti ◽  
Domenico Buongiorno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Digital Pathology ◽  
Feature Reduction ◽  
Training Procedure ◽  
Good Precision ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Cad Systems ◽  
Cad System

Abstract Background Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems based on medical images could support physicians in the decision-making process. During the last decades, researchers have proposed CAD systems in several medical domains achieving promising results. CAD systems play an important role in digital pathology supporting pathologists in analyzing biopsy slides by means of standardized and objective workflows. In the proposed work, we designed and tested a novel CAD system module based on image processing techniques and machine learning, whose objective was to classify the condition affecting renal corpuscles (glomeruli) between sclerotic and non-sclerotic. Such discrimination is useful for the biopsy slides evaluation performed by pathologists. Results We collected 26 digital slides taken from the kidneys of 19 donors with Periodic Acid-Schiff staining. Expert pathologists have conducted the slides preparation, digital acquisition and glomeruli annotations. Before setting the classifiers, we evaluated several feature extraction techniques from the annotated regions. Then, a feature reduction procedure followed by a shallow artificial neural network allowed discriminating between the glomeruli classes. We evaluated the workflow considering an independent dataset (i.e., processing images not used in the training procedure). Ten independent runs of the training algorithm, and evaluation, allowed achieving MCC and Accuracy of 0.95 (± 0.01) and 0.99 (standard deviation < 0.00), respectively. We also obtained good precision (0.9844 ± 0.0111) and recall (0.9310 ± 0.0153). Conclusions Results on the test set confirm that the proposed workflow is consistent and reliable for the investigated domain, and it can support the clinical practice of discriminating the two classes of glomeruli. Analyses on misclassifications show that the involved images are usually affected by staining artefacts or present partial sections due to slice preparation and staining processes. In clinical practice, however, pathologists discard images showing such artefacts.

Preliminary Multidisciplinary Design Optimization System: A Software Solution for Early Gas Turbine Conception

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal Prado ◽  
Yulia Panchenko ◽  
Jean-Yves Tre´panier ◽  
Christophe Tribes
Keyword(s):  
Design Optimization ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Multidisciplinary Design Optimization ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
Multidisciplinary Design ◽  
Engine Design ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Turbine Design

Preliminary Multidisciplinary Design Optimization (PMDO) project addresses the development and implementation of the Multidisciplinary Design Optimization (MDO) methodology in the Concept/Preliminary stages of the gas turbine design process. These initial phases encompass a wide range of coupled engineering disciplines. The PMDO System is a software tool intended to integrate existing design and analysis tools, decompose coupled multidisciplinary problems and, therefore, allow optimizers to speed-up preliminary engine design process. The current paper is a brief presentation of the specifications for the PMDO System as well as a description of the prototype being developed and evaluated. The current assumed e xible architecture is based on three software components that can be installed on different computers: a Java/XML MultiServer, a Java Graphical User Interface and a commercial optimization software.

A Design Process Model That Unifies General Design Theory and Empirical Findings

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuo Tomiyama
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Design Theory ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Process Models ◽  
General Design ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Design Process Model ◽  
Theoretical Results ◽  
Design Experiments

Abstract This paper proposes a new design process model that unifies theoretical results of General Design Theory (GDT) and empirical findings obtained from design experiments. It first reviews the design process models that were developed within theoretical work on GDT. Then, we describe experimental work on design based on protocol analysis, which resulted in a cognitive design process model from which further a computable design process model was derived. While these experimental results are supposed to support the theoretical conclusions obtained from GDT, we could also find out incompatibilities. We then propose a new design process model, called the refinement design process model, that can unify both theoretical results of GDT and experimental finding obtained from design experiments. The refinement model has better agreements with experimental findings and suggests various issues as a guiding principle to develop a future, advanced CAD system that helps a designer to focus on functional information. We propose and illustrate the concepts of such an advanced CAD system equipped with intensive design knowledge, called a computational framework for knowledge intensive engineering.

New CAD for Rapid Prototyping

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuichi Fukuda ◽  
Daisuke Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Measurement Device ◽  
Detailed Design ◽  
Cad Systems ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Design And Manufacturing ◽  
Cad Tool ◽  
Very High

Abstract We developed a new CAD tool with special attention paid to rapid prototyping. Most of the present 3-D CAD systems treat geometry with very high accuracy but it is not easy to define or modify geometry as we do in the earlier stages of design. The present CAD systems, we believe, are more oritented toward the detailed design and manufacturing of the final product. As rapid prototyping itself is intended for the earlier stages of design, such a CAD system that permitts more easy or rough definition and modification of geometry is really desired. Most of the rapid prototyping systems generate 3-D geometry by piling up the 2-D sections layer by layer. So, if we develop such a layer-based CAD system, then we could more easily tranfer CAD data to the prototyping system. Such an idea was very old, but the traditional ones cannot manipulate geometry with much ease. What we aimed here is to develop a system that a designer can manipuate geometry as freely as he or she wishes. Thus, our system serves as a preprocessor to the present 3-D CAD systems. We are developing another system which permits to generate 3-D geometry as freely as if we are drawing it using a pen, based on the technology of 3-D measurement device. Couled with this system, the system we are proposing here is expected to tranfer such a 3-D geometry data very rapidly and easily to the prototyping equipment and also can interactively modify thus defined geometry data.

A Hybrid-Type Expert System for the Design of Marine Power Plants Using AI Technique and Design Optimization Method

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Akagi ◽  
T. Tanaka ◽  
H. Kubonishi
Keyword(s):  
Expert System ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Numerical Optimization ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Production Rules ◽  
Type Representation ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Hybrid Type

Abstract A hybrid-type expert system is developed for supporting the initial design process of marine power plants. Firstly, discussion is given generally to understand design process in the view point of applying the AI technique effectively to design. Based on the result of the discussion, a hybrid-type expert CAD system with coupling the AI technique and the numerical optimization method is developed. In the system, the design knowledge is represented in the production rules, and the data of machineries consisting the plant are described by the frame-type representation. Through the system execution, it is ascertained that the system is effective not only as the design tool assisting designers but also as the tool instructing inexperienced designers.

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