scholarly journals ANALISA KLAUSULA FORCE MAJEURE PADA PERJANJIAN PEMBORONGAN PEKERJAAN DALAM SITUASI PANDEMI COVID-19 (STUDI KASUS PERJANJIAN PEMBORONGAN PEKERJAAN ANTARA PT. SINERGI MEGA KARYA DENGAN PT. NASARI INDONESIA PADA PELAKSANAAN PEKERJAAN RENOVASI KENSINGTON OFFICE TOWER)

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-127
Author(s):  
Joel Timothy Milendra
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Civil Code ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Contract Work ◽  
The People ◽  
Force Majeure ◽  
National Disaster

AbstractIn the implementation of agreements, the principle of legal certainty often becomes an obstacle if there is a change in fundamental circumstances. In the Civil Code, these changes are terminology as force majeure. The non-natural disaster that is currently hitting the COVID-19 pandemic is one of the scope of force majeure. The spread of the COVID-19 pandemic has had a major impact on the construction or development sector. Basically development is an effort to create prosperity and welfare of the people. In the implementation of development, it begins with an agreement between the parties. The agreement is an agreement for contracting work. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has led to speculation that the work contracting agreement can be canceled on the grounds of force majeure and the contractor can file a defense to be exempted from reimbursement of costs, losses and interest. The results show that the COVID-19 pandemic situation as a non-natural national disaster cannot automatically be used as an excuse for force majeure because it must pay attention to the clauses of the agreement and the contractor needs to prove carefully and carefully. In this research, a case study was carried out on the Contract of Work Agreement between PT. Sinergi Mega Karya and PT. Nasari Indonesia. In the agreement, the COVID-19 pandemic can be used as an excuse for force majeure because it is stated in the agreement clause and the contractor is exempted from reimbursement of fees, losses and interest.Keywords: the covid-19 pandemic; force majeure; contract work agreementAbstrakPada pelaksanaan perjanjian, asas kepastian hukum sering kali menjadi kendala apabila terjadi perubahan keadaan yang fundamental. Dalam KUH Perdata, perubahan tersebut diteriminologikan sebagai force majeure. Peristiwa bencana non alam yang sedang melanda saat ini yaitu pandemi COVID-19 merupakan salah satu ruang lingkup force majeure. Penyebaran pandemi COVID-19 sangat berdampak pada sektor konstruksi atau pembangunan. Pada dasarnya pembangunan merupakan usaha untuk menciptakan kemakmuran dan kesejahteraan rakyat. Dalam pelaksanaan pembangunan, diawali dengan perjanjian antara para pihak. Perjanjian tersebut yaitu perjanjian pemborongan pekerjaan. Namun adanya pandemi COVID-19 menimbulkan spekulasi bahwa perjanjian pemborongan pekerjaan dapat dibatalkan dengan alasan force majeure dan pihak pemborong dapat mengajukan pembelaan untuk dibebaskan dari penggantian biaya, rugi dan bunga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa situasi pandemi COVID-19 sebagai bencana nasional non alam tidak dapat secara otomatis dijadikan alasan force majeure karena harus memerhatikan klausula-klausula perjanjian tersebut dan pihak pemborong perlu membuktikan secara cemat dan teliti. Dalam penelitian dilakukan studi kasus pada Perjanjian Pemborongan Pekerjaan antara PT. Sinergi Mega Karya dengan PT. Nasari Indonesia. Dalam perjanjian tersebut, pandemi COVID-19 dapat dijadikan alasan force majeure karena tercantum pada klausula perjanjian dan pihak pemborong dibebaskan dari penggantian biaya, rugi dan bunga.

Analisis Yuridis Perlindungan Hukum Perjanjian Dibawah Tangan Berdasarkan Putusan Pengadilan No.161/pdt.g/2011/pn-mdn. (Studi Kasus PT Merim Property dan Cv Rira Karya)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-104
Author(s):  
Weriyus Heston Marbun
Keyword(s):  
Legal Protection ◽  
Civil Code ◽  
Contract Work ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Legal Consequences

Legal protection for every Indonesian citizens without exception can be found in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia (1945 Constitution), therefore every product produced by the legislature must always be able to provide guarantees of legal protection for all people, even they must be able to capture legal and justice aspirations that develop in society. In the Civil Code article 1233 states, "that an alliance can be formed because of agreement or law". One form of the agreement is an agreement under the hands in the form of contract work agreement.           The results of the case study of PT Merim Property and CV Rira Karya can be seen the weakness of an agreement under the hands, where CV Rira Karya as the plaintiff must have concrete evidence to prove the loss that they experienced in accordance with the agreement under the hands that they agreed upon, where such evidence cannot be given CV Rira Karya so that his lawsuit was rejected by the panel of judges. The legal consequences arising related to the use of an agreement under the hands in the event of a default are that the debtor is required to pay compensation, the creditor may request the cancellation of the agreement through the court and the creditor can request the fulfillment of the agreement, or fulfillment of the agreement accompanied by compensation and cancellation of the agreement with compensation. Keywords: Analysis, Legal Protection, Agreement, Under the Hands

Drones to the Rescue

2021 ◽  
pp. 1162-1178
Author(s):  
Peter Tatham
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Long Range ◽  
The Core ◽  
The People ◽  
Core Capabilities

This chapter considers the potential operation of long-range drones to support the logistic response to a natural disaster using a case study of Cyclone Pam that struck Tafea Province of Vanuatu in March 2015. It provides an overview of how the core capabilities of such drones might be employed in order to overcome the key challenge facing humanitarian logisticians responding to such disasters – namely that of understanding the 6W problem of “who wants what where when and why.” The chapter then discusses the people, process, and technology issues that would need to be overcome in order to operationalize the concept.

Drones to the Rescue

2019 ◽  
pp. 115-136
Author(s):  
Peter Tatham
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Long Range ◽  
The Core ◽  
The People ◽  
Core Capabilities

This chapter considers the potential operation of long-range drones to support the logistic response to a natural disaster using a case study of Cyclone Pam that struck Tafea Province of Vanuatu in March 2015. It provides an overview of how the core capabilities of such drones might be employed in order to overcome the key challenge facing humanitarian logisticians responding to such disasters – namely that of understanding the 6W problem of “who wants what where when and why.” The chapter then discusses the people, process, and technology issues that would need to be overcome in order to operationalize the concept.

scholarly journals ALTERNATIF SUMBANGAN PENANGGULANGAN BENCANA SEBAGAI PENGURANG PENGHASILAN BRUTO (STUDI KASUS GEMPA LOMBOK)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-56
Author(s):  
Vicky Ramadhan ◽  
Suparna Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Income Statement ◽  
The Status ◽  
Income Tax Law ◽  
Gross Income ◽  
The Cost ◽  
National Disaster ◽  
Tax Deduction

One of the expenses that can become costs in the commercial income statement is the cost of donations. In the accounting, donations in any amount and form issued by the private sector can become a burden so that they can be deducted from gross income. Besides, donation costs can be charged as an expense as a tax deduction from gross income. However, there are specific rules that define the types of donations and the conditions that must be met to become a fiscal expense. One of the donations that can be borned on a fiscal basis is a contribution in the context of national disaster management. The status of a natural disaster to become a national disaster is stipulated by a Presidential Regulation (Peraturan Presiden). If a natural disaster is not declared a national disaster, private parties who wish to make a contribution and make it a fiscal burden can record it as another contribution expense by the Income Tax Law. The purpose of this research is to analyze the cost of donations of natural disasters with a case study of the earthquake in Lombok. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The results showed that the cost of this contribution could be recorded as the cost of building social infrastructure and/or donating educational facilities. Salah satu pengeluaran yang dapat menjadi biaya di dalam laporan laba rugi komersial adalah biaya sumbangan. Di dalam ilmu akuntansi, sumbangan dengan jumlah dan bentuk apapun yang dikeluarkan oleh pihak swasta dapat menjadi beban sehingga dapat dikurangkan dari pendapatan kotor. Selain itu, biaya sumbangan dapat dibebankan menjadi biaya sebagai pengurang penghasilan bruto secara pajak. akan tetapi, terdapat aturan khusus yang menjelaskan jenis sumbangan dan syarat yang harus dipenuhi agar dapat menjadi biaya secara fiskal. Salah satu sumbangan yang dapat dibebankan secara fiskal adalah sumbangan dalam rangka penanggulangan bencana nasional. Status bencana alam menjadi bencana nasional ditetapkan dengan Peraturan Presiden. Jika suatu bencana alam tidak ditetapkan sebagai bencana nasional, pihak swasta yang ingin memberi sumbangan dan menjadikannya sebagai beban secara fiskal, dapat mencatatnya sebagai biaya sumbangan lain sesuai dengan UU PPh. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pembebanan biaya sumbangan bencana alam dengan studi kasus gempa di Lombok. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa biaya sumbangan tersebut dapat dicatat sebagai biaya pembangunan infrastruktur sosial dan/atau sumbangan fasilitas pendidikan. 

scholarly journals The Liability of the Custodian If the Victim is Proven to Have Contributed to the Damage

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Mohammed Ali Al-Taany Al-Taany
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Civil Code ◽  
The Other ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Legal Text ◽  
Main Text ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Intended Purpose ◽  
Force Majeure

Aims: This study aims to address the custodian liability for losses caused by an object under his control, especially for the damages occurred by mechanical machines, and showing the effect of split liability on the custodian’s liability especially in cases of paying compensation to the victim. On the other hand, this study discusses the custodian liability under the Jordanian law and some of the Arab laws. Materials and methods: Following identification of the study objectives, the researcher compared the legal frames in Jordan and other surrounding countries. The researcher was able to formulate the present study. Study findings: The legal text in Article (261) of the Jordanian Civil Code exempts the custodian in its main text from paying compensation under some conditions such as natural disaster, unavoidable accident, force majeure, an act of a third party, or act of the person suffering loss, while at the same time the Article ended with the phrase “unless otherwise stipulated by law or agreement.” Which I think is unnecessary here and shall be omitted. The Jordanian legislation also neglected to clarify the types of fault that may be caused by the victim especially, if it is proved that the victim has contributed to causing the damage, the fault of the custodian, in this case, can be rebutted. Conclusion: The Jordanian legislator did not comprehensively specify the types of the victim’s fault, while the Lebanese legislator has clarified those types. Explicitly, there is no need for the part of Article (261) of the Jordanian Civil Law which says that "otherwise or agreement" because the text is clear and fulfills its intended purpose.

HUKUM DAN TEKLOGI SUATU KAJIAN TEORITIS TERHADAP PENOMENA LAYANAN TRANSFORTASI ONLINE

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Aria Dimas Harapan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Creative Economy ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Times

ABSTRACTThe essence of this study describes the theoretical study of the phenomenon transfortation services online. Advances in technology have changed the habits of the people to use online transfortation In fact despite legal protection in the service based services transfortation technological sophistication has not been formed and it became warm conversation among jurists. This study uses normative juridical research. This study found that the first, the Government must accommodate transfotation online phenomenon in the form of rules that provide legal certainty; second, transfortation online as part of the demands of the times based on technology; third, transfortation online as part of the creative economy for economic growth . 

The Local Government of Kulon Progo Regency Innovation in Subduing Capitalism through Community Empowerment

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 229
Author(s):  
Muhammad Eko Atmojo ◽  
Helen Dian Fridayani
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
District Government ◽  
The Government

Kulon Progo Regency is one of the districts that has many innovations, one of which is community empowerment in collaboration with a modern shop abbreviated as the shop name owned by the people (tomira). This research was motivated by the achievements of the Kulon Progo district government in carrying out development and innovation in the development of the Kulon Progo region by fully involving the Kulon Progo district community through community empowerment. This initiative was taken by the government of Kulon Progo Regency to improve community empowerment and protect the people of Kulon Progo Regency from various economic threats. Considering that in the past few years many modern shops have mushroomed in each district/city, so this is what makes Kulon Progo Regency move quickly to empower the community by collaborating between MSMEs or cooperative with modern shops. This study uses a qualitative method which case study approach. With the empowerment that has been done, the original products of Kulon Progo Regency or local products can be traded in modern stores so that local products in Kulon Progo Regency can compete with national products in these modern stores. The existence of such cooperation will indirectly improve the image of Kulon Progo Regency and lift the original products of Kulon Progo Regency. The lifting of the original products of Kulon Progo Regency will have a positive impact on the community, where indirectly the economy of the community will increase so that there will be prosperity for the community. Kabupaten Kulon Progo adalah salah satu kabupaten yang memiliki banyak inovasi, salah satunya adalah pemberdayaan masyarakat bekerja sama dengan toko modern disingkat nama toko yang dimiliki oleh masyarakat (tomira). Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pencapaian pemerintah kabupaten Kulon Progo dalam melakukan pengembangan dan inovasi dalam pengembangan wilayah Kulon Progo dengan melibatkan sepenuhnya masyarakat kabupaten Kulon Progo melalui pemberdayaan masyarakat. Inisiatif ini diambil oleh pemerintah Kabupaten Kulon Progo untuk meningkatkan pemberdayaan masyarakat dan melindungi masyarakat Kabupaten Kulon Progo dari berbagai ancaman ekonomi. Menimbang bahwa dalam beberapa tahun terakhir banyak toko-toko modern telah menjamur di setiap kabupaten/kota, jadi inilah yang membuat Kabupaten Kulon Progo bergerak cepat untuk memberdayakan masyarakat dengan berkolaborasi antara UMKM atau bekerjasama dengan toko-toko modern. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus, dengan metode yang digunakan adalah dokumentasi. Dengan pemberdayaan yang telah dilakukan, produk asli Kabupaten Kulon Progo atau produk lokal dapat diperdagangkan di toko modern sehingga produk lokal di Kabupaten Kulon Progo dapat bersaing dengan produk nasional di toko modern ini. Adanya kerjasama tersebut secara tidak langsung akan meningkatkan citra Kabupaten Kulon Progo dan mengangkat produk asli Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Pencabutan produk asli Kabupaten Kulon Progo akan berdampak positif bagi masyarakat, di mana secara tidak langsung perekonomian masyarakat akan meningkat sehingga akan ada kesejahteraan bagi masyarakat.

Evaluation of Socio-Economic Conditions of Coldwater Fish Farmers: A Case Study of Sikkim

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-71
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Gini Coefficients ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The People

ABSTRACT The study analyses the socio-economic status, degree of income inequality and perceived socio-economic conditions of the fish farmers of the four districts of Sikkim. A total sample size of 200 fish farmers was selected from the four districts depending upon the presence of the number of farmers in each district. Purposive random sampling method was used and the results were analysed from descriptive statistics such as frequency count and percentages. The degree of income inequality was analysed through Gini coefficients. The factors that determined the perceived socio-economic living conditions were analysed with a logistic regression model. The socio-economic status of the people was found to be in good condition and there were not many variations among the fish farmers of different districts. Most of the respondents had pucca houses with the combination of firewood and LPG as a source of cooking fuel and also had access to basic amenities like electricity, drinking water and sanitation facilities in the households. The study also found that income inequality was not so severe amongst the fish farmers of the three districts except for the East district which had the strongest income inequality. The per capita income, housing condition and ratio of above primary education to total members had a significant impact on the perceived living conditions of the fish farmers. Keywords

KELOMPOK MUSIK REJUNG PESIRAH: STRATEGI ADAPTASI PADA MASYARAKAT PALEMBANG

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-37
Author(s):  
Dwi Putri Agustini
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Anthropology ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Traditional Music ◽  
Adaptation Strategy ◽  
The People ◽  
Musical Arrangements ◽  
The Face ◽  
Cultural Modification ◽  
Traditional Arts

The present phenomenon has clearly brought a change and the influence of the development of traditional music in Palembang society, if this is not carefully addressed, it will experience a shift, alienation and even lose its supporters. The rejung pesirah music group is one of the music groups that still maintains traditional arts in the people of Palembang. This study examines how the adaptation strategy of the rejung pesirah music group in dealing with changes and developments in Palembang society. For this reason, the approach used is cultural anthropology with qualitative case study research methods in Palembang. Data collection is done through observation, interviews and document studies that use triangulation techniques as the validation of the data, while for data analysis through content analysis and interactive models. The results showed that the adaptation strategy undertaken by the rejung pesirah music group was an act and creative ability and had a positive mindset, understanding in responding to changes and needs as an impulse to develop in the face of environmental change and development through learning processes and cultural modification, which resulted a creativity that is the creation of songs, musical arrangements, and musical instruments in the rejung pesirah music group.

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