scholarly journals Potensi Usaha Kecil Mikro (UKM) Dalam Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-117
Author(s):  
Whinarko Prijanto ◽  
◽  
Panji Prasetyanto ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Business Unit ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
High Turnover ◽  
Business Units ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Total Turnover

As an economic activity, Small and Micro Enterprises (SMEs) activities have provided opportunities work for the surrounding community and create a mobilization of production factors, although on a small scale. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of SMEs in increasing rural economic growth. Taking objects in Purwodadi Village, Tegalrejo District, Magelang Regency, the research was conducted on 37 business units. From the research results, it is known that there is a business unit that has a very low turnover of Rp. 375,000, - and a very high turnover of Rp. 150,000,000, - per month. To find out the magnitude of the increase in per capita income, the Magelang Regency Minimum Wage approach in 2019 is a projection of per capita income that can be formed for the next 1 year or 12 months. To achieve the Magelang Regency Minimum Wage of Rp. 1,882,000, -, the business unit must grow by an average of 15.35% per month, or the total turnover of business units as forming village GDP must increase by 438%. With the Location Qutient (LQ) method, as many as 25 business units have LQ <1, out of 47 existing business units. The business contribution to the formation of total turnover was 34 business units, with a contribution of <1%, as many as 4 business units with a contribution equal to 1%, as many as 9 business units with a contribution of> 2%. The highest contribution of 24.44% was the business unit with the highest contribution, namely from the culinary business; mushrooms, cireng and nuggets.

DETERMINANTS OF PRIVATE DOMESTIC SAVINGS IN NIGERIA (1981- 2015).

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otiwu K. ◽  
Peter A Okere ◽  
Uzowuru L.N
Keyword(s):  
Capita Income ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Domestic Savings ◽  
Private Savings ◽  
Per Capita

This study empirically evaluates the determinants of private domestic savings in Nigeria (1981- 2015). Secondary data were sourced from CBN statistical bulletin and bureau of statistics. Hypotheses were formulated and tested using vector error correction model (VECM) and the test for stationarity proves that the variables are integrated in 1(1) order which implies that unit roots do not exist among the variables. There is also long-run equilibrium relationship between the variables and the result also confirms about 29 percent short-run adjustment speed from long-run disequilibrium. The coefficient of determination indicates that about 78 percent of the variations in private domestic savings are explained by changes in its determinants in Nigeria. The results show that per capita income and financial inclusion are major determinants of private domestic savings in Nigeria. The study therefore recommends that concerted and well articulated efforts should be made to make available and affordable credits to productive investments like small scale industries/businesses as they constitute an integral part of the growth and transformation process of an agro based economy like that of Nigeria this will induce employment, increase financial access and income of the various economic agents which will have a spillover effect on private savings. Secondly, since Per capita income and financial inclusion are the important factors that influence private savings in Nigeria, policy makers can promote growth of per capita income by improving productivity of workers and greater effort should be geared towards sustaining or improving on the financial inclusion strategies.

scholarly journals EFISIENSI TEKNIS DAN EKONOMI PERIKANAN TUNA HAND LINE DI NEGERI TIAL KABUPATEN MALUKU TENGAH

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Priscyllia Franetha Siahainenia ◽  
Dionisius Bawole ◽  
Willem Talakua
Keyword(s):  
Survey Method ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Business Unit ◽  
Small Scale Fisheries ◽  
Business Units ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Production Function Approach ◽  
Tuna Fisheries ◽  
Douglas Production Function

The resources of large pelagic including tuna (Thunnus sp) in Maluku are quite potential with moderate status and must be utilized optimally. In Tial, the utilizing of these resources uses hand lines; especially fishing line. Tuna hand line is classified as small-scale fisheries which has various problems. One of it is fishing inputs allocation that leads to inefficient. This study in general aims to analyze the hand line tuna fisheries business based on technical and economical efficiency. It was conducted by using survey method in Tial, Central Maluku Regency for 20 units hand line fishermen. Data was analized by Cobb-Douglas production function approach to identify efficient inputs; several financial parameters to determine business feasibility; and CPUE to measure the level of technical productivity. The results show that efficient production factors are fishermen’s fishing experience and fishing frequency. During the four months of observation, all business units made an average profit of Rp 31,199,139 or Rp 458,810.86/trip. R/C and PP parameters show that the business is feasible to be developed; while the largest ROI (135.2%) is in the 18th business unit. Business units that have CPUE >1 are unit 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 5th, 6th, 9th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th, 16th, 17th, 18th, 19th and 20th. Based on several technical-economical measurements, the hand line tuna fishery business in Tial is efficient and feasible to be developed

scholarly journals Economic and Non-Economic Factors Effect Per Capita Income in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-323
Author(s):  
Rizqi Ulfa Nurlaili ◽  
Malik Malik Cahyadin
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Domestic Investment ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Technology Utilization ◽  
Positive Direction ◽  
Per Capita

Indonesia per capita income tends to increase during 2013 – 2016. It indicates that Indonesian people are able to achieve welfare improvement. This research aims to analyze the effects of inflation, Human Development Index (HDI), population, Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) growth, Minimum Wage, and technology utilization on per capita income in Indonesia. It becomes a reference for local economic policies at local governments in Indonesia. The estimation model uses panel data under the Fixed Effects Model (FEM). FEM is chosen based on the Chow and Hausman test. This research uses time series from 2013 – 2016 and cross-section of 34 provinces in Indonesia. The findings show that inflation and GRDP have a significant effect on per capita income with negative direction, while HDI and minimum wage have a significant effect with positive direction, whereas population and technology utilization for workers do not have a significant effect. The coefficient of determination (Adjusted R2) is about 0.999754. It means that 99.975% of the dependent variable is explained by the variation of the independent variables. The implication of policies, namely: a) the local governments should control the inflation rate; b) the local governments should increase the domestic investment in health, education, and accessibility; and c) the local governments should promote technology utilization to the workers.

The Problem of Agricultural Taxation in West Pakistan and an Alternative Solution: A Comment (Notes & Comments)

1973 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-437
Author(s):  
Sarfaraz Khan Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Capita Income ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Water Rate ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Government

In the Summer 1973 issue of the Pakistan Development Review, Mr. Mohammad Ghaffar Chaudhry [1] has dealt with two very important issues relating to the intersectoral tax equity and the intrasectoral tax equity within the agricultural sector in Pakistan. Using a simple criterion for vertical tax equity that implies that the tax rate rises with per capita income such that the ratio of revenue to income rises at the same percentage rate as per capita income, Mr. Chaudhry found that the agricultural sector is overtaxed in Pakistan. Mr. Chaudhry further found that the land tax is a regressive levy with respect to the farm size. Both findings, if valid, have important policy implications. In this note we argue that the validity of the findings on intersectoral tax equity depends on the treatment of water rate as tax rather than the price of a service provided by the Government and on the shifting assumptions regard¬ing the indirect taxes on imports and domestic production levied by the Central Government. The relevance of the findings on the intrasectoral tax burden would have been more obvious if the tax liability was related to income from land per capita.

A Successful Population Policy: Potentials and Constraints (Distinguishedl Lecture)

1993 ◽  
Vol 32 (4I) ◽  
pp. 411-431
Author(s):  
Hans-Rimbert Hemmer
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Population Policy ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Industrial Countries ◽  
Per Capita

The current rapid population growth in many developing countries is the result of an historical process in the course of which mortality rates have fallen significantly but birthrates have remained constant or fallen only slightly. Whereas, in industrial countries, the drop in mortality rates, triggered by improvements in nutrition and progress in medicine and hygiene, was a reaction to economic development, which ensured that despite the concomitant growth in population no economic difficulties arose (the gross national product (GNP) grew faster than the population so that per capita income (PCI) continued to rise), the drop in mortality rates to be observed in developing countries over the last 60 years has been the result of exogenous influences: to a large degree the developing countries have imported the advances made in industrial countries in the fields of medicine and hygiene. Thus, the drop in mortality rates has not been the product of economic development; rather, it has occurred in isolation from it, thereby leading to a rise in population unaccompanied by economic growth. Growth in GNP has not kept pace with population growth: as a result, per capita income in many developing countries has stagnated or fallen. Mortality rates in developing countries are still higher than those in industrial countries, but the gap is closing appreciably. Ultimately, this gap is not due to differences in medical or hygienic know-how but to economic bottlenecks (e.g. malnutrition, access to health services)

Income-Based Poverty among Non-Farm Households in Rural Punjab

2020 ◽  
pp. 204-210
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Farm Household ◽  
Expert Group ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Service Category ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Per Capita

This paper focuses upon the magnitude of income-based poverty among non-farm households in rural Punjab. Based on the primary survey, a sample of 440 rural non-farm households were taken from 44 sampled villages located in all 22 districts of Punjab.The poverty was estimated on the basis of income level. For measuring poverty, various methods/criteria (Expert Group Criteria, World Bank Method and State Per Capita Income Criterion) were used. On the basis of Expert Group Income criterion, overall, less than one-third of the persons of rural non-farm household categories are observed to be poor. On the basis, 40 percent State Per Capita Income Criteria, around three-fourth of the persons of all rural non-farm household categories are falling underneath poverty line. Similarly, the occurrence of the poverty, on the basis of 50 percent State Per Capita Income Criteria, showed that nearly four-fifths of the persons are considered to be poor. As per World Bank’s $ 1.90 per day, overall, less than one-fifth of rural non-farm household persons are poor. Slightly, less than one-fourth of the persons are belonging to self-employment category, while, slightly, less than one-tenth falling in-service category. On the basis of $ 3.10 per day criteria, overall, less than two-fifth persons of all rural non-farm household categories were living below the poverty line.

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