scholarly journals TRICHOCEPHALOSIS OF SHEEP IN THE ROSTOV, VOLGOGRAD, ASTRAKHAN REGIONS OF RUSSIA

2019 ◽  
pp. 459-463
Author(s):  
Pasechnik
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
Physiological Solution ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Regions Of Russia

The article is devoted to the actual problem of trichocephalosis of sheep today - a disease of domestic and wild ruminants, the causative agents of which are hematophagous helminths. Trichocephalosis of small cattle is registered in many countries of the world, including Russia. The question of the species composition of trichocephalosis pathogens continues to be debatable, since the death of sheep was noted only in some types of invasion pathogens: Trichuris ovis in Russia, T. ovis + T. skrjabini + T. globulosa – in the USA, T. ovis + T. skrabini + T. globulosa – in Romania. The insufficient knowledge of this invasion, especially in the regional aspect, prompted us to study this invasion in more detail in 3 regions of the country, which became the goal of our work.Objective: to study the infection, distribution and species composition of pathogens of trichocephalosis of sheep in the Rostov, Volgograd and Astrakhan regions of Russia. Studies were carried out at slaughter points and in the laboratory of the parasitic zoonosis of the Institute. The work was carried out in 2017-2018 using the helminthological method for studying the large intestine at an autopsy of 250 slaughter sheep under the age of 1 year and 25 sheep over 2 years old from the Rostov, Volgograd and Astrakhan regions. Trichocephalus was collected from each animal separately, counted and determined to the species, taking into account the species and age of the host. Nematodes were collected after thorough washing in a physiological solution with registration and, if necessary, conservation in a Barbagallo liquid. 250 lambs up to 1 year old and 25 sheep older than 2 years were examined at the dissection of the large intestine from three regions of the European part of Russia: Rostov, Volgograd and Astrakhan. As a result, it was found that two types of trichocephalus are the causative agents of invasion. In the Rostov region 77.2% of lambs was infected with Trichuris ovis with extensive invasion (EI), and with Trichuris skrjabini with EI = 39.6% of slaughter lambs, in the Volgograd region 55.6% of lambs was infected with EI with T. ovis and with T. skrjabini with EI = 21.6% of lamb, in the Astrakhan region 85.2% of slaughter lambs was infected with T. ovis with EI, and with T. skrjabini with EI = 36% of lambs. Sheep older than 2 years from the Rostov region were infected with T. ovis with EI = 36%, and with T. skrjabini with EI = 12%, in the Volgograd region 28% of slaughter sheep were infected with T. ovis with EI, and with T. skrjabini with EI = 16%, in the Astrakhan region 32% of sheep was infected with T. ovis with EI, and with T. skrjabini with EI = 8% of sheep.

scholarly journals DICROCELIOSIS OF CATTLE AND FASCIOLOSIS OF SHEEP IN TYPICAL REGIONS OF THE EUROPEAN PART OF RUSSIA

2019 ◽  
pp. 454-458
Author(s):  
Pasechnik
Keyword(s):  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
European Part ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Slaughter Cattle ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Cattle And Sheep

Dicroceliosis is a helminthic and zoonotic disease affecting many species of mammals, domestic, wild ruminants and humans. The causative agent of the disease is Dicrocoelium lanceatum - lanceolate fluke. Fascioliasis is a common disease of domestic, wild animals and humans. Two species of trematodes are the causative agents of ruminants in Russia: Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica. Dicroceliosis and fascioliasis are widespread in many countries around the world. These diseases cause huge losses to the Russian economy and are socially significant diseases. In the regional aspect, these diseases are insufficiently studied, which became the goal of our work.Objective. To study the infection with dicroceliums and fasciolae of cattle and sheep in the characteristic regions of the European part of Russia: Oryol, Volgograd and Rostov. Post-mortem veterinary and sanitary inspection for the detection of dicrocelium and fasciolae in the liver of cattle and sheep was carried out in accordance with the “Rules for veterinary inspection of slaughter animals and veterinary and sanitary examination of meat and meat products” of 06/17/1988. Investigations were carried out in 2016–2017 at slaughter points of the Moscow Region. As a result of liver research from: 250 slaughter cattle from the Oryol region, 400 slaughter sheep from the Pallas district of the Volgograd region, 300 slaughter sheep from the Martynovskiy district of the Rostov region, it was found that cattle are infected with D. lanceatum, and sheep with F. hepatica. Cattle in the Oryol region were infected with D. lanceatum with extensive invasion (EI) = 9.2%, with an intensity of invasion (AI) = 6–293 specimens/cattle. And sheep from the Pallas district of the Volgograd region were infected with F. hepatica with EI = 1.75%, with AI = 3–27 specimens/sheep. The slaughter sheep from the Martynovskiy district of the Rostov region were infected with F. hepatica with EI = 5.3%, with AI = 9–51 specimens/sheep. Research results showed that farmers and managers of livestock farms in Oryol, Volgograd and Rostov regions need to conduct more thorough prevention and take measures against cattle dicroceliosis in Oryol and in Volgograd and Rostov regions against sheep fascioliasis.

Phoretic mite infestations associated with Rhynchophorus palmarum (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in southern California

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesc Gómez-marco ◽  
Hans Klompen ◽  
Mark Hoddle
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Invasion Biology ◽  
San Diego County ◽  
South American ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Survey Period ◽  
Rhynchophorus Palmarum ◽  
The Usa ◽  
American Palm ◽  
Mite Infestations

The South American palm weevil, Rhynchophorus palmarum (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), established in San Diego County, California, USA sometime around 2014. Attached to the motile adults of this destructive palm pest, we identified three species of uropodine mites (Parasitiformes: Uropodina), Centrouropoda n. sp., Dinychus n. sp. and Fuscuropoda marginata. Two of these species, Centrouropoda n. sp. and Dinychus n. sp. are recorded for the first time in the USA and were likely introduced by R. palmarum. Several species of mites, primarily of Uropodina, have previously been recorded as phoretic on Rhynchophorus spp. In this study, we examined 3,035 adult R. palmarum trapped over a 2.5-year period, July 2016 to December 2018, and documented the presence of and species composition of phoretic mites and their relationship with weevil morphometrics (i.e., pronotum length and width). The presence and species composition of mites on weevil body parts changed over the survey period. No mites were found under weevil elytra in 2016 and mite prevalence under elytra increased over 2017–2018 due to an increased abundance of Centrouropoda n. sp per individual beetle. Mite occurrence levels were significantly correlated with reduced pronotum widths of male weevils only. The significance of this finding on male weevil fitness is unknown. Potential implications of phoretic mites on aspects of the invasion biology of R. palmarum are discussed.

scholarly journals Seasonal variation of spider species composition in Volgograd agglomeration

2020 ◽  
pp. 90-96
Author(s):  
A. S. Hnykin ◽  
E. A. Ivantsova
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Acetic Acid Solution ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Summer Diapause ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Spider Community ◽  
Analysis Application ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Maximum Similarity

The article addresses changes in the species composition of spiders during the warm season. The qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the spider community were analyzed during the most important periods of their activity in the main biotopes of the Volgograd agglomeration. The Cluster Analysis application, based on the Jaccard index, was used. The material was collected using 10 mm Barber soil traps with a fixing liquid (6% acetic acid solution). In total, 235 species of spiders belonging to 26 families were identified, including 195 species belonging to 23 families on the territory of Volgograd. Notably, 155 species were new to the fauna of the Volgograd region. Species Trichoncus villius Tanasevitch et Piterkina was found in the Russian Federation for the first time. The species composition was analyzed during critical periods of spider life: the end of winter diapause, the time before the summer diapause, the termination of summer diapause, and the period of before winter the diapause. In each case a set of traps were exposed for seven days. The spring period was characterized by the maximum number of species, and the maximum similarity in species composition was observed between the moment when spiders leave the winter diapause and the period before the summer diapause. During the warm season, the species composition changed almost completely twice: before the end of the summer diapause and at the end of the warm season, approaching the spring values. These changes were significantly less relevant to near-water biotopes, where environmental conditions were more stable compared to the other studied biotopes.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of the Epidemic Situation on West Nile Fever in the Territory of the Russian Federation in 2018 and Forecast of its Development in 2019

2019 ◽  
pp. 17-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. O. Alekseychik ◽  
E. V. Putintseva ◽  
V. P. Smelyansky ◽  
N. V. Boroday ◽  
A. K. Alieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
The European Union ◽  
West Nile Fever ◽  
West Nile ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Virus Genotypes ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Russian Federation

The epidemic rise in the incidence of West Nile fever (WNF) in the season of 2018 was observed in the countries of the European Union (EU) and bordering states and exceeded the values of all previously recorded epidemic rises of 2010–2012. An increase in the incidence rate was registered in the USA and Canada, however, it did not exceed the indicators of epidemic rises of 2007–2012. In the territory of the Russian Federation, the WNF epidemiological process became more intense mainly in the territory of the Southern and North Caucasian Federal Districts. In general, in Russia, the incidence rates were 2 times lower than the average annual rates, but significantly exceeded those of 2017. The epidemic process had a number of peculiarities in the seasonality, the structure of morbidity and the clinical manifestation of WNF. Genotyping of the isolated WNV RNA fragments from clinical and biological material showed that I, II and IV West Nile virus genotypes were circulating in the European part of Russia. Forecast of epidemic situation development in 2019 reveals further increase in the incidence and does not exclude the possibility of a significant localincrease of WNF incidence in certain regions of Russia. 

scholarly journals Forecasting potential yields under uncertainty using fuzzy cognitive maps

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed A. Al-Gunaid ◽  
Irina I. Salygina ◽  
Maxim V. Shcherbakov ◽  
Vladislav N. Trubitsin ◽  
Peter P. Groumpos
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Cognitive Maps ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Fuzzy Cognitive Maps ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Plant Photosynthesis ◽  
Dry Farming

Abstract Background The aim of the study is identification of factors influencing the reduction of the potential maximum yield of winter wheat in weather conditions of dry farming in European part of Russia, Volgograd region. The novelty of the work is forecasting potential yields under uncertainty that allows to assess the risks and potential threats that can influence and maximize the potential yield. To solve this problem, the tool for formalization, analysis and modeling of semi-structured systems and processes Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCM) is used. Results Based on disparate and heterogeneous information about the multitude of external influences on crop formation during plant photosynthesis, a model for analyzing the level of influencing factors on the target factor is constructed and an effective control impact scenario is developed. This model is used to identify the factors, where each one of them iteratively passes from the initial value to the stable one according to the chosen formula, based on which, the influence of the factors on each other are determined. Conclusions The conclusions obtained as a result of the work confirm the concept of precision farming: the quantity and quality of innovation in agriculture depends on the ability to apply it effectively in the field. Developed method of predicting potential yield levels can be used not only to model future agricultural performance, but also to estimate harvested yields.

scholarly journals Specifics of Electoral Activity of the Second Echelon Political Actors in Modern Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 474-478
Author(s):  
Vladimir I. Golovchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
Municipal Elections ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Social Associations ◽  
Regions Of Russia

Analysis of the second echelon parties and social associations’ participation in electoral processes within single voting day in September 2020 is presented in the article. An inference is made that as a result of municipal elections in different regions of Russia transformations related to strengthening oppositional forces’ resources have taken place; these transformations can manifest themselves as early as during the State Duma election-2021. Elections have shown that motivation of protest voting “we want reforms” is growing in popularity. It poses risks of orientation not as much on certain programs of political, social, and economic development, but on desire to bring into power new political forces and leaders. As a result, a threat of a “colored revolution” appears when protest actions of opposition (no matter how big its real share in the whole population is), upon the availability of strong diplomatic, financial, and information support of the USA and their allies, may be (as exemplified by events in Belarus) institutionalized by creating coordination councils and boards aimed at achieving the main goal – i.e. to overthrow existing political regime.

scholarly journals Short Communication: Proportion faunal assemblage of rodents in geoecological districts of Mordovia, Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Andreychev Alexey
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Natural Area ◽  
Faunal Assemblage ◽  
Faunal Assemblages ◽  
Steppe Region ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Species Composition And Distribution ◽  
Regions Of Russia

Abstract. Andrechev A. 2020. Short Communication: Proportion faunal assemblage of rodents in geoecological districts of Mordovia, Russia. Biodiversitas 21: 3961-3968. In one natural area, animals may have different distribution. In some areas they inhabit, and in other areas, they do not inhabit. Scientists have been working on this issue for a long time. In this study reports that the species composition and distribution of species varies depending on geoecological districts. Twenty-eight rodent species have been recorded in the territory of Mordovia. The largest number of species in the region belongs to those living in coniferous and broad-leaved forests (42.9%). In the second place in terms of representation are species widely distributed in several natural areas (28.5%). They are slightly inferior to the types of steppe fauna (25%). The taiga type of fauna is represented by only 3.6% of the total number of registered species. For each geoecological district, the features of the rodent fauna are given and rare species are identified. The forest-steppe region of Mordovia is compared in rodent fauna with other regions of Russia with different typical faunal assemblages.

scholarly journals Innovative Potential of Volgograd Region: Assessment and Prospects of Implementation

2019 ◽  
pp. 126-133
Author(s):  
Anna Khryseva ◽  
Olga Akimova ◽  
Sergey Volkov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Scientific Model ◽  
Innovation Potential ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Innovative Potential ◽  
Regions Of Russia

The article is devoted to the study of the innovative potential of Volgograd region in the context of developing technological and innovative entrepreneurship. The article defines the contribution of Volgograd region to the development of high-technological business in Russia carried out on the basis of the analysis of empirical data, discusses the main problems of innovative growth, and suggests a model for developing and implementing innovation potential in the territory under consideration. The methodological basis of this study is quantitative and qualitative analysis of the statistical data of the Federal Service for State Statistics, the national report “High-Technological Business in Russia”, and, moreover, the rating of innovative companies in Russia and the rating of innovative regions for the purposes of monitoring and management developed by the Association of Innovative Regions of Russia in cooperation with the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation, with the participation of representatives of regional administrations and leading country experts. The results of this study may be useful to the officials responsible for the development of entrepreneurship and innovation, both at the regional and federal levels. One of the perspective directions of developing innovative potential in the region may be creating clusters, including the unification of various participants in innovative activities. An important fact is involving all actors of the region taking into account the degree of the development of the scientific and educational sphere and innovative entrepreneurship. In this regard, the most appropriate model of the development of innovative potential for Volgograd region can be the production and scientific model.

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