Effect of land configurations and Pongamia mulch on soil moisture  content and yield of yellow pericarp sorghum during kharif

The present work aims to determine the effect of land configurations and Pongamia pinnata mulch on soil moisture content and yield of yellow sorghum during kharif, 2018-19 on sandy clay loam soils of Hyderabad. The experiment was conducted at the College of Agriculture, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad. The treatments included land configurations (Flatbed, Ridge and furrow, Broad bed and furrow, Flatbed + Mulch, Ridge and Furrow + Mulch, Broad bed and furrow + Mulch) and yellow sorghum genotypes (PYPS 101, PYPS 102, PYPS 103 and PYPS 104). Mulch used in this investigation was Pongamia leaf mulch applied @ 6 t ha-1 uniformly at 20 DAS. Soil moisture played a vital role in increasing crop yields in the rainfed regions of the semi-arid tropics. During most crop growth stages, the availability of soil water was increased by Broad bed and furrow + mulch, resulting in increased grain yield by 37 % (1701 kg ha-1) of yellow sorghum over flatbed. Ridge and furrow + mulch were found to be the next best treatment, with a grain yield of 1590 kg ha-1. Mulched treatments of flatbed, ridge and furrow and broad bed and furrow increased the grain yield by 20%, 28% and 37%, respectively, compared to flatbed without mulch. The present study will help in recognizing profitable moisture conservation practices and the role of Pongamia mulch in soil moisture conservation and yield maximization of yellow sorghum.

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Research on Inversion Model of Cultivated Soil Moisture Content Based on Hyperspectral Imaging Analysis

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture10070292 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 292

Author(s):

Tinghui Wu ◽

Jian Yu ◽

Jingxia Lu ◽

Xiuguo Zou ◽

Wentian Zhang

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Linear Regression ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Hyperspectral Imaging ◽

Soil Moisture Content ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Large Area ◽

Successive Projections Algorithm ◽

Inversion Model ◽

Cultivated Soil

Based on hyperspectral imaging technology, rapid and efficient prediction of soil moisture content (SMC) can provide an essential basis for the formulation of precise agricultural programs (e.g., forestry irrigation and environmental management). To build an efficient inversion model of SMC, this paper collected 117 cultivated soil samples from the Chair Hill area and tested them using the GaiaSorter hyperspectral sorter. The collected soil reflectance dataset was preprocessed by wavelet transform, before the combination of competitive adaptive reweighted sampling algorithm and successive projections algorithm (CARS-SPA) was used to select the bands optimally. Seven wavelengths of 695, 711, 736, 747, 767, 778, and 796 nm were selected and used as the factors of the SMC inversion model. The popular linear regression algorithm was employed to construct this model. The result indicated that the inversion model established by the multiple linear regression algorithm (the predicted R2 was 0.83 and the RMSE was 0.0078) was feasible and highly accurate, indicating it could play an important role in predicting SMC of cultivated soils over a large area for agricultural irrigation and remote monitoring of crop yields.

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Effect of tillage intensity, fertilizer and manure on root mass density, soil properties and their correlation on rice (Oryza sativa L.) yield

Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.3329/bjar.v37i3.12129 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 529-535

Author(s):

MM Sarker ◽

MA Matin ◽

MG Hossain ◽

MMR Sarker ◽

MS Huda

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Rice Straw ◽

Soil Moisture Content ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Mass Density ◽

Recommended Dose ◽

Root Mass

An experiment was carried out at the Bangladesh Agricultural University Farm, Mymensingh during the Aman season of 2008 to study the effect of tillage intensity, fertilizer and manure on the root mass density soil properties and their correlation on rice yield (BRRI dhan 41). The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with three replications. The treatments were three tillage operations as factor A: one passing (P1), two passing (P2), and three passing (P3) of a power tiller and four fertilizer and manure treatments as factor B: recommended dose of fertilizers (FM0), 50% of N plus rest of recommended dose of fertilizers + cowdung @ 5 t/ha (FM1), 50% of N plus rest of recommended dose of fertilizers + rice straw @ 5 t/ha (FM2) and 50% of N plus rest of recommended dose of fertilizer + cowdung @ 2.5 t/ha plus rice straw @ 2.5 t/ha (FM3). The highest and the lowest bulk densities were found in P1FM0 and P3FM treatments, respectively. The maximum soil moisture content and air filled porosity were obtained in P3FM1 treatment, whereas PM1FM0 demonstrated the lowest soil moisture content. The maximum (8.09 mg cm-3) and minimum (1.63 mg cm-3) root mass densities were observed in P3 (10 cm depth) and P1 (10-20 cm depth) treatments, respectively. The highest grain yield was recorded in P3FM0 treatment. Root mass density was positively correlated with soil moisture content and grain yield, but negatively with bulk density. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 37(3): 529-535, September 2012 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i3.12129

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Post-Anthesis Drought Management in Late-Shown Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Journal of Agriculture and Environment ◽

10.3126/aej.v14i0.19793 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

pp. 131-140

Author(s):

Pramod Bhari ◽

Shrawan K Sah

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Soil Moisture Content ◽

Growth Period ◽

Grain Filling ◽

Animal Science ◽

Yield Attributes ◽

Seed Rate ◽

Grain Filling Period

Post anthesis drought is common problem in late sown wheat, which reduces crop yield. A field experiment was conducted at Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science (IAAS), Rampur in 2005/06 to find out the effect of irrigation, seed rate and mulch on soil moisture content and productivity of late sown wheat. Irrigation applied at crown root initiation CRI and heading stage significantly increased moisture content at 80 days after sowing, grain filling period (GFP) and crop duration period (CDP), thousand grain weight, grain yield and harvest index. Higher seed rate was non significant on yield attributes and yield. Soil moisture content at 30, 80 and 95 days after sowing, vegetative growth period (VGP) and crop duration period, and grain yield were significantly higher in mulched plot than non mulched plot. Irrigation at reproductive stage and mulch were effective in increasing yield of late sown wheat.

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The Effect of Fertigation on Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata) Grown in a Greenhouse

Water ◽

10.3390/w12041076 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 1076

Author(s):

Xianbing Wu ◽

Meijian Bai ◽

Yinong Li ◽

Taisheng Du ◽

Shaohui Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Brassica Oleracea ◽

Soil Moisture Content ◽

Soil Layer ◽

Field Capacity ◽

Growth Stages ◽

N Application ◽

Upper Limits ◽

Brassica Oleracea L

Understanding the response of crop growth to water and fertilizer is helpful to improve their management and use efficiency. Three water and fertilizer coupling treatments were designed to carry out a two-season trial on two cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata) cultivars in spring and autumn in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region. The irrigation timings of the three treatments were controlled by the soil moisture content of 0–20 cm soil layer. Treatment 1 (LWHF): when the soil moisture content was decreased to 75% of the field capacity (θf), irrigation was carried out (i.e., the lower limit of irrigation was 75%θf), the critical soil moisture content for stopping irrigation was 90%θf (upper limit of irrigation), and the nitrogen (N) application amount was 400 kg/ha; treatment 2 (HWLF): the lower and upper limits of irrigation were 85%θf and 100%θf, respectively, and the N application amount was 200 kg/ha; and treatment 3 (MWMF): the lower and upper limits of irrigation were 75%θf and 100%θf, respectively, and the N application amount was 300 kg/ha. The results showed that the yield and its related parameters of cabbage in spring were higher than those in autumn because of the use of different cultivars and seasons. The growth indices of HWLF and MWMF in the two seasons were larger than that of LWHF, and the yields of HWLF were the highest, 78.37 t/ha (spring) and 64.42 t/ha (autumn), respectively. The nitrogen use efficiencies (NUEs) of LWHF in spring and HWLF in autumn were the highest, 213.29 kg/kg and 391.83 kg/kg, respectively. In general, there were statistically significant differences in the cumulative increment in plant height, stem diameter and leaf area in the two-season trial, yield in autumn and NUE in spring among the three treatments. In addition, there was a significant positive linear correlation between almost all indices in different growth stages and the corresponding evapotranspiration (ETi). It is suggested that the application of drip irrigation under mulch should be approximately 114.7–125.0 mm, and the N fertilization should be about 200 kg/ha.

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Autumn Tillage, Soil Moisture Content, and Crop Yields

KULUNDA: Climate Smart Agriculture - Innovations in Landscape Research ◽

10.1007/978-3-030-15927-6_26 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 355-366

Author(s):

V. I. Belyaev ◽

T. Meinel ◽

R. Meissner ◽

L.-C. Grunwald ◽

V. V. Volnov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Soil Moisture Content ◽

Crop Yields

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Effect of Organic Mulching on Soil Moisture, Yield, and Yield Contributing Components of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

International Journal of Agronomy ◽

10.1155/2017/4767509 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Goitom Teame ◽

Alemtsahay Tsegay ◽

Berhanu Abrha

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Soil Moisture Content ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Block Design ◽

Sesamum Indicum ◽

Foreign Exchange Earning ◽

Sudan Grass ◽

Oil Crops

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is one of the chief foreign exchange earning oil crops in Ethiopia. However, its productivity remains low due to lack of appropriate agronomic practices. The aim of this research was to study the effect of organic mulches on sesame productivity and in situ moisture conservation. This experiment was carried out in Humera Agricultural Research Center, Western Tigray, during 2015 growing season. The experimental design was Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. There were four types of organic mulches; rice straw, sorghum straw, sesame straw, and Sudan grass were compared with control. Sesame, variety Setit-1 was used in the experiment. The organic mulching rate of application was 10 ton ha−1and this was applied evenly to the soil immediately after germination. Soil water content, phonological characteristics yield, and yield components of sesame were collected. The analyzed results indicated that organic mulching had significant effect on soil moisture content at 0–0.2 m, 0.21–0.4 m, and 0.41–0.6 m in every two-week interval after sowing and grain yield of sesame. Sesame straw conserved highest soil moisture content as compared with respective mulch material. The highest yield (664 kg ha−1) was recorded with Sudan grass while the lowest grain yield (190 kg ha−1) was recorded with no mulch.

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Tillage and seeding strategies for wheat optimizing production in harvested rice fields with high soil moisture

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-80256-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jinfeng Ding ◽

Fujian Li ◽

Tao Le ◽

Dongyi Xu ◽

Min Zhu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Soil Moisture Content ◽

N Uptake ◽

Rice Fields ◽

Zero Tillage ◽

Wheat Growth ◽

Net Returns ◽

High Soil Moisture

AbstractSuitable tillage and seeding strategies for wheat can be used to combat excessive residues and poor soil conditions in harvested rice fields. This study investigated the effects of different tillage (zero tillage and rotary tillage) and seeding methods on wheat growth, grain yield, nitrogen (N) uptake and utilization, and economic benefit when the soil moisture was high during the tillage and seeding practices. In 2016–2017, three seeders were tested: SM1-1, SM2, and SM3; in 2017–2018, four seeders were tested: SM1-2, SM2, SM3, and SM4. Although the soil moisture was different between years, zero tillage could be used to reduce the sowing depth, which facilitated early-phase wheat growth and N uptake compared with rotary tillage, resulting in higher grain yield, NUpE, and net return. In 2016–2017 (high wet soil), a small-size seeder (SM1-1) with sowing near the soil surface facilitated higher grain yield, NUpE, and net returns compared with the other seeders; in 2017–2018 (low wet soil), medium-size seeders (SM3 and SM4) were more suitable than small-size seeders (SM1-2 and SM2). In both years, the seeders that performed the best mainly improved the spike numbers while increasing N uptake, especially after anthesis. Zero tillage lowered input costs, but small-size seeders did not reduce costs due to the higher labor costs associated with their low working efficiency. Improving net returns depends largely on increasing yield. In conclusion, zero tillage is recommended for wheat production in harvested rice fields with a high soil moisture content, but the suitable seeding method needs to be confirmed according to the soil moisture content.

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Effects of straw mulching on water consumption characteristics and yield of different types of summer maize plants

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/404/2011-pse ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 58 (No. 4) ◽

pp. 161-166 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

J.Y. Shen ◽

D.D. Zhao ◽

H.F. Han ◽

X.B. Zhou ◽

Q.Q. Li

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Soil Moisture Content ◽

Ground Surface ◽

Northern China ◽

Compact Type ◽

Summer Maize ◽

Straw Mulching

To develop rainfed agriculture in northern China, we conducted field experiments with three straw mulching rates (0, 6, and 12 t/ha) on two plant types (a compact type, Chaoshi1, and a flat type, Danyu86) during the summer maize-growing season in 2009 and 2010 to study soil moisture content, evapotranspiration, grain yield, and water-use efficiency (WUE). The results indicated that straw mulching could significantly (LSD, P < 0.05) improve soil moisture content at a depth of 20–80 cm below the ground surface during the anthesis-silking stage; however, at maturity, straw mulching decreased the soil moisture content at a depth of 0–60 cm below the ground surface. In 2009, straw mulching at the rate of 12 t/ha significantly (LSD, P < 0.05) increased the evapotranspiration in Chaoshi1 and Danyu86. In 2010, straw mulching at the rate of 6 t/ha significantly (LSD,<br />P < 0.05) increased evapotranspiration in Danyu86 alone. The grain yields of Danyu86 in 2009 and Chaoshi1 in 2010 were significantly (LSD, P < 0.05) higher with straw mulching at the rate of 12 t/ha than on the application of other treatments. Irrespective of whether precipitation was concentrated during the beginning or the latter half of the summer maize growing stage, straw mulching increased the WUE of Chaoshi1, but not of Danyu86. These results indicated that under rainfed conditions in northern China, straw mulching could increase the grain yield and WUE of compact-type maize.  

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