Criterion of Significance Level for Selection of Order of Spectral Estimation of Entropy Maximum

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 223-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Savchenko ◽  
A. V. Savchenko
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Estimation ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Entropy Maximum ◽  
Selection Of

data a; * significance level; a=0.05; * variance of difference of two observations on the log scale; * sigmaW = within-subjects standard deviation; sigmaW=0.355; s=sqrt(2)*sigmaW; * total number of subjects (needs to be a multiple of 2); n=58; * error degrees of freedom for AB/BA cross-over with n subjects in total; n2=n-2; * ratio = mu_T/mu_R; ratio=1.00; run; data b; set a; * calculate power; t1=tinv(1-a,n-2); t2=-t1; nc1=(sqrt(n))*((log(ratio)-log(0.8))/s); nc2=(sqrt(n))*((log(ratio)-log(1.25))/s); df=(sqrt(n-2))*((nc1-nc2)/(2*t1)); prob1=probt(t1,df,nc1); prob2=probt(t2,df,nc2); answer=prob2-prob1; power=answer*100; run; proc print data=b; run; As an example of using this SAS code, suppose µ = 1, σ = 0.355, α = 0.05 and n = 58. The power (as a percentage) is calculated as 90.4. The required number of subjects to achieve a given power can easily be obtained by trial and error using a selection of values of n. An alternative approach is to use trial and error directly on the sample size n for a given power. For more on this see Phillips (1990) and Diletti et al. (1991), for example. 7.4 Individual bioequivalence As noted in Section 7.1, individual bioequivalence (IBE) is a criterion for deciding if a patient who is currently being treated with R can be

2003 ◽  
pp. 362-362
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Trial And Error ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Individual Bioequivalence ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
Log Ratio ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Performance Related Parameters Determining the Selection of Youth Players in Soccer

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-53
Author(s):  
Safa’a Ahmad Al Masri ◽  
Siti Musliha Mat Rasid
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Muscular Endurance ◽  
Special Test ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Skill Test ◽  
Trained Staff ◽  
Pearson Correlation Analysis ◽  
Selection Of

In the current study, a total of 86 soccer’s players with mean age of 14 years drawn from Terengganu soccer academy were tested in performing 10 parameters aiming at determining the performance of those players based on assessing the contribution of each activity and its corresponding significant level. The 10 performance related parameters involved anthropometry (BMI), fitness test (agility, coordination, muscular endurance (push and sit up), power, YoYo level), and football skill test (dribbling with ball, dribbling without ball and juggling).  All the parameters testing is carried out based on international standard and performed by well-trained staff.  The Pearson correlation analysis was used to achieve the objective in this study. Result shows a positive correlation between the two types of muscular parameters; the power is influenced by BMI and coordination; the specific football tests are highly impacted by the power and agility. The coefficient of determination  and the significance level -values show that the parameters that can be significantly considered are the anthropometric BMI (0.020), agility (0.025), muscular endurance (0.039 and 0.043), power (0.039), special football test without the ball (0.041), and juggling (0.046). The coordination, YoYo, football special test with the ball were not found to be significantly accounted for preparing the young players to achieve the required performance. Based on the results of the coefficient of determination and the significance -values of the parameters, a model was proposed to determine the highest and lowest parameters that play important roles in the selection of young players.

scholarly journals Influence of apical foramen lateral opening and file size on cemental canal instrumentation

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronaldo Araújo Souza ◽  
Yara T. Corrêa Silva Sousa ◽  
José Antônio Poli de Figueiredo ◽  
João da Costa Pinto Dantas ◽  
Suely Colombo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Apex ◽  
File Size ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Cyanoacrylate Adhesive ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Ethyl Cyanoacrylate ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Cleaning And Disinfection ◽  
Selection Of

Since instrumentation of the apical foramen has been suggested for cleaning and disinfection of the cemental canal, selection of the file size and position of the apical foramen have challenging steps. This study analyzed the influence of apical foramen lateral opening and file size can exert on cemental canal instrumentation. Thirty-four human maxillary central incisors were divided in two groups: Group 1 (n=17), without flaring, and Group 2 (n=17), with flaring with LA Axxess burs. K-files of increasing diameters were progressively inserted into the canal until binding at the apical foramen was achieved and tips were visible and bonded with ethyl cyanoacrylate adhesive. Roots/files set were cross-sectioned 5 mm from the apex. Apices were examined by scanning electron microscopy at ×140 and digital images were captured. Data were analyzed statistically by Student’s t test and Fisher’s exact test at 5% significance level. SEM micrographs showed that 19 (56%) apical foramina emerged laterally to the root apex, whereas 15 (44%) coincided with it. Significantly more difficulty to reach the apical foramen was noted in Group 2. Results suggest that the larger the foraminal file size, the more difficult the apical foramen instrumentation may be in laterally emerged cemental canals.

scholarly journals Distribuição do mês de nascimento e medidas antropométricas de jogadores de futebol de elite nacional sub-15

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Melo Altimari ◽  
Henrique Bortolotti ◽  
Nelson Dos Santos-Junior ◽  
Leandro Ricardo Altimari ◽  
Antonio Carlos de Moraes
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Birth Date ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
Relative Age Effect ◽  
Birth Month ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Selection Of

The aim of this study was to analyze the birth month distribution and anthropometric measurements of U-15 elite soccer players. The sample consisted of 400 athletes (15.4 ± 0.4 years, 171.0 ± 10.6 cm and 63.0 ± 8.8 kg) participants of the 11th edition of the Brazil U-15 Soccer Cup, who had their birth month information and height and body mass measures obtained from data available on the organization’s website. Athletes were separated according to the categorization of chronological age into four-month periods: 1st quarter (1st QDT), athletes born between January and April; 2nd quarter (2nd QDT), those born between May and August, and 3rd quarter (3rd QDT), those born between September and December. The non-parametric chi-square test (X2) was used to analyze the possible differences between observed and expected birth date distributions in the four-month periods. The significance level was P<0.05. The results show that the number of players born in 1st QDT was higher when compared to 2nd QDT and 3rd QDT (P<0.05), and higher when compared to 2nd QDT with 3rd QDT (P<0.05). For variables height and body mass, it was observed that players born in 1st QDT presented values significantly higher than those born in 2nd QDT and 3rd QDT (P<0.05). In the same way, players born in 2nd QDT presented higher values than those born in 3rd QDT (P<0.05).It could be concluded that the relative age effect exerts an influence on the selection of Brazilian U-15 soccer players because it is associated with differences in the anthropometric characteristics of these young players.

scholarly journals Correlation among agronomic, physiological and phytochemical traits in Artemisia annua L. varieties

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-141
Author(s):  
C.O. Bolina ◽  
J.A. Marchese ◽  
D. Capelin ◽  
D.J. Bertoncelli ◽  
C. Pinnow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Artemisia Annua ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Canopy Volume ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Essential Oil Yield ◽  
Artemisinin Content ◽  
Selection Of

The aim of this study was to estimate the correlations among agronomic, physiological and phytochemical traits of two varieties of Artemisia annua and to identify correlations that can be used in selection and breeding processes for this species. The design was completely randomized and the treatments were for Artemisia annua varieties 2/39x5x3M and 2/39x1V, which were subjected to agronomic, physiological and phytochemical evaluations. The relationship among the studied traits was estimated with Pearson's correlation coefficient, and the significance level of correlations was established by the t-test using Genes software. A significant positive correlation was found between the traits canopy volume and essential oil yield for 2/39x5x3M variety, showing that the selection of plants with a larger canopy volume would facilitate indirect selection of the trait essential oil yield. This correlation was not found for the 2/39x1V variety. In both varieties, there was a significant negative correlation between canopy volume and artemisinin content, which suggested that the selection of plants with a large canopy volume and a large number of branches should be avoided if the goal is to increase artemisinin content.

Comparison of lung sound transducers using a bioacoustic transducer testing system

2006 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 469-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve S. Kraman ◽  
George R. Wodicka ◽  
Gary A. Pressler ◽  
Hans Pasterkamp
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Response ◽  
Spectral Estimation ◽  
Noise Signal ◽  
Testing System ◽  
Lung Sound ◽  
Electronic Stethoscope ◽  
Condenser Microphone ◽  
Air Chamber ◽  
Stable Source ◽  
Selection Of

Sensors used for lung sound research are generally designed by the investigators or adapted from devices used in related fields. Their relative characteristics have never been defined. We employed an artificial chest wall with a viscoelastic surface and a white noise signal generator as a stable source of sound to compare the frequency response and pulse waveform reproduction of a selection of devices used for lung sound research. We used spectral estimation techniques to determine frequency response and cross-correlation of pulses to determine pulse shape fidelity. The sensors evaluated were the Siemens EMT 25 C accelerometer (Siemens); PPG 201 accelerometer (PPG); Sony ECM-T150 electret condenser microphone with air coupler (air coupler; with cylindrical air chambers of 5-, 10-, and 15-mm diameter and conical air chamber of 10-mm diameter); Littman classic stethoscope head (Littman) connected to an electret condenser microphone; and the Andries Tek (Andries) electronic stethoscope. We found that the size and shape of the air coupler chamber to have no important effect on the detected sound. The Siemens, air coupler, and Littman performed similarly with relatively flat frequency responses from 200 to 1,200 Hz. The PPG had the broadest frequency response, with useful sensitivity extending to 4,000 Hz. The Andries' frequency response was the poorest above 1,000 Hz. Accuracy in reproducing pulses roughly corresponded with the high-frequency sensitivity of the sensors. We conclude that there are important differences among commonly used lung sound sensors that have to be defined to allow the comparison of data from different laboratories.

scholarly journals Vliv vybraných osobnostních korelátů na kreativitu v tanci u adolescentů

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-92
Author(s):  
Lenka Kraváčková ◽  
Marie Blahutková
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Adolescent Dancers ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Movement Test

The purpose of this research is to certify influence of dance on creativity of two chosen groups of adolescents – dancers and nondancers. For this study we compiled a  selection of adolescent dancers from a  folklore ensemble and adolescent nondancers. They were tested with Brace test and Creativity movement test. By means of personality enquiry we received personal data from the tested groups. Using statistical methods we compared the obtained data. In the Brace Test the experimental group showed a higher score only on the substantive significance level, whereas in the test of physical creativity no statistically significant differences were found. Only the substantive significance has been proved. The results indicate that a suitable physical education form at a secondary school contributes to an all-round development in adolescents.

scholarly journals Cumulative areawise testing in wavelet analysis and its application to geophysical time series

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin A. Schulte
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Analysis ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Scientific Investigation ◽  
Statistical Significance Testing ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Significance Levels ◽  
Geophysical Time Series ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract. Statistical significance testing in wavelet analysis was improved through the development of a cumulative areawise test. The test was developed to eliminate the selection of two significance levels that an existing geometric test requires for implementation. The selection of two significance levels was found to make the test sensitive to the chosen pointwise significance level, which may preclude further scientific investigation. A set of experiments determined that the cumulative areawise test has greater statistical power than the geometric test in most cases, especially when the signal-to-noise ratio is high. The number of false positives identified by the tests was found to be similar if the respective significance levels were set to 0.05.

scholarly journals Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pemilihan Model Bagi Hasil Pada Sektor Pertanian di Wilayah Karesidenan Madiun

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suyoto Arief ◽  
Adib Susilo
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Revenue Sharing ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Production Sharing ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Selection Of

The purpose of this study was to determine whether socioeconomic factors, production factors, religiosity factors, and transparency factors influence the selection of agricultural production sharing models in the Residency of Madiun. This research is quantitative with multiple regression analysis. Based on the T-test, socioeconomic factors partially have a significant influence on the selection of agricultural production sharing models in the Madiun Residency of 3.701. Meanwhile, the factor of religiosity has a significant effect on the selection of agricultural production sharing models in the Madiun Residency with a significance level of 0.039. Furthermore, the factor of production does not have a significant effect with a significance level of 0.778. Finally, it is a factor that has a significant influence on the selection of revenue sharing models with a significance level of 0.008. While based on ANOVA test results, the F count of 10.288 with a significance level of 0.000 is smaller than 0.05, which means that socioeconomic, religiosity, production, and transparency factors simultaneously have an influence on the selection of revenue sharing models.

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