scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANTIULCER AND ANTI-OXIDANT ACTIVITY OF Hylocereus undatus FRUIT (HAHU) IN WISTAR RATS

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Hylocereus Undatus

Effect of Gmelina arborea on learning and memory in amnesia-induced and non-amnesia groups of albino Wistar rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravi Sori ◽  
Basavaraj Poojar ◽  
Nandan Hodlur ◽  
Priya Gandigawad
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Intellectual Ability ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Gmelina Arborea ◽  
Memory Processes ◽  
Anti Oxidant

Abstract Background The brain is the centre of the nervous system in all vertebrates. The central cholinergic pathways play a prominent role in learning and memory processes. Dementia is a mental disorder characterized by the loss of intellectual ability, which invariably involves the impairment of memory. The crude extracts of the Gmelina arborea plant are reported to possess wound-healing, anti-diarrheal, anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-ulcer property. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of G. arborea on learning and memory in albino Wistar rats. Methods A total of 36 healthy rats were selected for the study, which were divided in to six groups. Standard screening tests such as the elevated plus maze (EPM), Morris water maze (MWM), and step-down passive avoidance (SDA) tests were used for testing the learning and memory processes. Results Gmelina arborea at higher doses (1000 mg/kg) showed statistically significant activity in EPM, MWM, and SDA tests for assessing the learning and memory paradigms when compared to the control group in amnesia-induced and non-amnesia groups of rats. Conclusions This is the first ever study to report the effects of G. arborea on learning and memory in both amnesia-induced and non-amnesia groups of rats. Our results show that G. arborea potentiates the processes of learning and memory. The observed pharmacological activities should be further evaluated by detailed experimental studies and revalidated by clinical trials.

scholarly journals Effects of various nitric oxide synthase inhibitors on AlCl3-induced neuronal injury in rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 503-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Stevanovic ◽  
Marina Jovanovic ◽  
Ankica Jelenkovic ◽  
Miodrag Colic ◽  
Milica Ninkovic
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Superoxide Production ◽  
Nos Inhibitors ◽  
Neuronal Tissues ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Oxide Synthase

The present study was aimed at determining the effectiveness of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors: N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, 7-nitroindazole and aminoguanidine in modulating the toxicity of AlCl3 on superoxide production and the malondialdehyde concentration of Wistar rats. The animals were sacrificed 10 min and 3 days after the treatment and the forebrain cortex was removed. The results show that AlCl3 exposure promotes oxidative stress in different neural areas. The biochemical changes observed in the neuronal tissues show that aluminum acts as pro-oxidant, while NOS inhibitors exert an anti-oxidant action in AlCl3-treated animals.

scholarly journals Hematoprotective and Gastroprotective Effects of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (Linn)-Supplemented Diet in Male Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 107-118
Author(s):  
Samuel A. Onasanwo ◽  
Olusegun G. Adebayo ◽  
Omeje U. Nicodemus ◽  
Abayomi M. Ajayi ◽  
A. Wadioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Hematological Indices ◽  
Cnidoscolus Aconitifolius ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Plasma Malondialdehyde

Aims: Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (CA) is a plant known to possess very high phenolic compound. The study evaluated hematological indices, anti-oxidative properties and gastroprotective potentials of CA leaf-supplemented diet. Methodology: Male Wistar rats weighing between 80-100 g were divided into 5 groups of n=18. Group 1 animals were fed with normal diet and groups 2-5 were fed with diets supplemented with 1%, 2.5%, 5% and 10% of C. aconitifolius powdered leaves continuously for 4, 8 and 12 weeks. Hematological indices were examined in the whole blood plasma Malondialdehyde (MDA), Glutathione (GSH), Catalase (CAT) were investigated, and changes in stomach architecture were also examined via histology. Results: There was a progressive increase in weight gain at different weeks of feeding with Cnidoscolus aconitifolius-supplemented diet (CAD). Malondialdehyde level decreased (p<0.05) significantly in 1% CAD at 8 weeks of feeding when compared to normal diet group. Glutathione at the 8th and 12th weeks of feeding with 1% CAD and 10% CAD significantly (p<0.05) decreased when compared to the group fed normal diet. Catalase activity increased (p<0.05) significantly in 1%, 2.5% and 5% CAD groups when compared to the group fed normal diet at 4 weeks of feeding. There was increase in haematological indices across all the groups during the weeks of feeding. The microscopic examination of the stomach epithelial layer reveals improvement with no serious damage across all the groups. Conclusion: Cnidoscolus aconitifolius-supplemented diet moderately improves blood anti-oxidant against oxidative stress and the hematological indices with time. The diet also maintains the structural integrity of the stomach wall without causing any damage.

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Selenium Against Sodium Fluoride Induced Behavioral, Anti-Oxidant and Neurohistological Alterations in Wistar Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 475-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gorantla Sri Charitha ◽  
Kurmeti Sudhakar ◽  
K. Pratap Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Group I ◽  
Anti Oxidant

Fluoride naturally occurs in the earth’s crust and ground water and it causes fluorosis when it is consumed in high levels. The fluorosis also affects soft tissues like liver, kidney, heart, brain etc., in addition to skeletal and dental systems. The present study reports the protective effects of selenium against sodium fluoride induced neurotoxic effects. Three months old (around 250 – 280 g weight) wistar rats were randomly categorized into four groups viz. Group I (control) which received normal tap water, Group II (sodium fluoride, NaF) treated with 20 ppm of fluoride through IP, Group III treated with (NaF 20 ppm) + Selenium (5 mgkg-1 body wt./day/rat) and Group IV treated with Selenium (5 mgkg-1 body wt./day/rat) alone. The doses were continued for a period of 15 days and after that they were used for recording behavioral (rota rod, hot plate), anti-oxidant (LPO, SOD, CAT and GSH-Px) and histological (Golgi cox staining) observations. The rats treated with NaF showed the decreased motor coordination, thermal pain response, decreased CAT and SOD activity and increased LPO levels and GSH-Px activity with compared to control group. Moreover, NaF received rats also showed the decreased number of dendrites, synaptic connections and neural networks. These all alterations were reversed on administration of selenium towards fluoride toxicity and the results were significant (p<0.01). The results of selenium alone treated group of rats is comparable to control group. Based on these observed results, the present study evidenced the protective role of selenium against fluoride induced neurotoxicity.

Effect of Repeated Oral Administration of Bifenthrin on Lipid Peroxidation and Anti-oxidant Parameters in Wistar Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muneer Ahmad Dar ◽  
Adil Mehraj Khan ◽  
Rajinder Raina ◽  
Pawan Kumar Verma ◽  
Mudasir Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Anti Oxidant

scholarly journals The Protective Effects of Turmeric on Liver Enzymes of Metronidazole-Treated Adult Male Wistar Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
Akudike C. J. ◽  
Chukwu V. O. ◽  
Ezejindu D. N. ◽  
Ihim A. C.
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
The Body ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Anti Oxidant

Over the years, research works on the different liver enzymes has proven to be very helpful to man. This study evaluates the protective effects of turmeric on the liver enzymes of metronidazole-treated adult male wistar rats. With previous researches, metronidazole has been found to exert some negative effects on some organs of the body like the testis, kidney etc but the turmeric on its own part, has been found to have no side effects with a host of beneficial functions such as its anti-oxidant and antimicrobial effect amongst a host of other functions. In this study, twenty wistar rats with weight range of between 165-180g were assigned into four groups A, B, C and D of 5 each. The experimental groups A, B and C were orally administered 200mg of metronidazole, 400mg of metronidazole and 400mg of metronidazole as well as 400mg of turmeric respectively for duration of twenty-eight days while the group D served as control and were orally administered water and feed only. Twenty four hours after the last administration, the animals were anaesthetized under chloroform inhalation and dissected for organ collection. Blood for serum preparation was collected into sterile plain tubes and stored in the refrigerator for analysis. Serum samples from the bloods were analyzed for liver enzymes activities using randox kit method. The study revealed that turmeric helped reduced the effects of metronidazole on the serum activities of ALT, AST and ALP on the liver. This present study suggests that metronidazole could have negative effects on the liver and so advises that turmeric be added when on metronidazole administration.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF RAW AND COOKED AQUEOUS AND METHANOL EXTRACTS OF PHASEOLUS VULGARIS (KIDNEY BEANS) ON RENAL FUNCTION IN ALBINO WISTAR RATS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Idoko A ◽  
Philip OC ◽  
Nwali ON ◽  
Ugwudike PO ◽  
Blessing NO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
E Mail

Objective: Phaseolus vulgaris, like other beans, is endowed with rich nutritional contents. This study evaluated the effects of raw and cooked aqueous and methanol extracts of P. vulgaris on renal function in albino Wistar rats. Methods: Oral acute toxicity (LD50) study of both extracts was conducted in two phases. In the main design, a total 36 Wistar albino rats were used and divided into nine groups of four rats and oral administration lasted for 7 days. Group 1 served as control and 2 – 9 treated groups. Groups 2 and 3; 4 and 5 were administered aqueous extracts while groups 6 and 7; 8 and 9 were administered methanol extracts of 350mg/kg and 550mg/kg body weight raw and cooked P. vulgaris respectively. Results: Results of LD50 of all extracts were greater than 5000mg/kg. Results showed a significant (P<0.05) increase in concentrations of urea and chloride across test groups administered aqueous extracts, than methanol extracts; a significant (P<0.05) increase in serum creatinine in test groups administered methanol extracts; a significant (P<0.05) increase of serum total protein of test groups compared to control; no significant (P<0.05) difference in the concentration of potassium in test groups administered compared to control group. Conclusion: It may be concluded that P. vulgaris portrays potentials capable of improving renal function and its consumption may contribute to the wellness of a person due to its rich nutrients, and based on the duration of this work and standard scale of toxicity; the extracts are practically non- toxic since the LD50 was greater than 5000mg/kg.   Peer Review History: Received 7 June 2020; Revised 25 June; Accepted 3 July, Available online 15 July 2020   UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. Received file Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.0/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 8.0/10 Reviewer(s) detail: Name: Dr. Ali Gamal Ahmed Al-kaf Affiliation: Sana'a university, Yemen E-mail: [email protected]   Name: Ahmad Najib Affiliation: Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar, Indonesia E-mail: [email protected]   Comments of reviewer(s): Similar Articles: ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTI-OXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF BAPHIA NITIDA EVALUATION OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF EUPHORBIA NERIIFOLIA STEM BARK ON BLOOD SUGAR LEVELS, SERUM AND TISSUE LIPIDS IN A PRECLINICAL MODEL ANTI-HYPERGLYCEMIC AND ANTI-OXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF GONGRONEMA LATIFOLIUM

scholarly journals PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF RUSSELIA EQUISETIFORMIS AGAINST PARACETAMOL-INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY IN WISTAR RATS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wakeel Olayemi Kamoru ◽  
Ayankunle Akeem Ademola ◽  
Oluogun Waheed Akanni ◽  
Kolawole Oyetunji Timothy ◽  
Adeyeba Oluwaseyi Adegboyega
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Objectives: Liver diseases are among the health challenges facing many people and health care providers worldwide. In their search for solution to these problems, researchers are increasingly advocating the use of herbal preparations with proven efficacy in protecting against hepatic disorders. They also investigate medicinal plants with the aim of developing new drugs.  Russelia equisetiformis is a plant which contains phytoconstituents that were reported to have biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and membrane-stabilizing properties. In this study, the effect of methanol extract of R. equisetiformis (MEREQ) on paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity was investigated in rats. Method: Rats were pretreated orally with graded doses (100 – 400 mg/kg b.w) of MEREQ for 7 days. On the 8th day, hepatotoxicity was induced in the pretreated rats with a single intraperitoneal injection of paracetamol (2 g/kg b.w). Rats were sacrificed on the 15th day; blood samples were taken for biochemical analysis, and the liver was excised for histopathological study. Biochemical parameters analyzed are alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein, albumin, and bilirubin. Results: Administration of paracetamol in the rats resulted in significant increase (p<0.05) in the serum levels of AST, ALT, ALP, and bilirubin compared with the control. Treatment with MEREQ significantly reduced (p<0.05) the levels of these parameters in a dose-dependent manner, compared with the untreated rats. No significant changes were observed in the serum levels total protein and albumin. Histopathological examination showed that administration of paracetamol caused distortions in the architecture of the liver, but the degree of degeneration of hepatocytes was reduced in the MEREQ-treated rats. Conclusion: From the results obtained in this study, it is concluded that methanol extract of R. equisetiformis has protective effect on paracetamol-induced hepatic injury.                                 Peer Review History: Received 8 November  2020; Revised 14 Decembe; Accepted 3 January, Available online 15 January 2021 UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. Received file:                           Comments of reviewer(s):         Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.0/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 8.0/10 Reviewer(s) detail: Dr. Gehan Fawzy Abdel Raoof Kandeel, Pharmacognosy Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622,  Giza, Egypt, [email protected]  Prof. Dr. Ali Gamal Ahmed Al-kaf, Sana'a university, Yemen, [email protected] Similar Articles: ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTI-OXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF BAPHIA NITIDA ANTI-HYPERGLYCEMIC AND ANTI-OXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF GONGRONEMA LATIFOLIUM EFFECTS OF RAW AND COOKED AQUEOUS AND METHANOL EXTRACTS OF PHASEOLUS VULGARIS (KIDNEY BEANS) ON RENAL FUNCTION IN ALBINO WISTAR RATS

Co-administration of prazosin and propranolol with glibenclamide improves anti-oxidant defense system in endothelial tissue of streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamaldeen Olalekan Sanusi ◽  
Jerome Ndudi Asiwe ◽  
Ebunoluwa Oluwabusola Adagbada ◽  
Mariam Onono Yusuf ◽  
David Ehikhuemen Okonofua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Endothelial Functions ◽  
Endothelial Tissue

AbstractBackgroundDue to increasing prevalence of diabetes and associated endothelial dysfunction, this study was carried out to investigate the effects of co-administration of adrenoceptor blockers (prazosin and propranolol) and glibenclamide on plasma biomarkers of endothelial functions in diabetic rats.MethodsExperiments were carried out on 35 male Wistar rats (170–200 g). They were divided into seven groups (n=5) as follows: normal control, diabetic control, diabetic + glibenclamide (GLB-5mg/kg/day), diabetic+ prazosin (PRZ-0.5 mg/kg/day), diabetic + PRZ + GLB, diabetic + propranolol (PRP-10 mg/kg/day), diabetes + PRP + GLB. Experimental diabetes was induced with streptozotocin (60 mg/kg) and drugs were administered orally for 3 weeks. Blood pressure was measured and animals were sacrificed afterwards. Blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture, and major marker of endothelial functions, nitric oxide derivatives (NOx), as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured on the plasma. The aorta was harvested for histological examination. Data were subjected to descriptive statistics and analysed using ANOVA at α0.05.ResultsThere was a significant increase in levels of NOx and SOD, and a decrease in MDA level in diabetic treated groups compared to diabetic control. Mean blood pressure increased in diabetic control and diabetic + GLB group when compared with normal control, while it was mildly reduced in diabetic group treated with PRZ and PRP, and co-administered GLB. More so, Aorta histology was altered in diabetic control groups when compared with normal control and all diabetic treated groups.ConclusionsResults from this study suggest that PRZ, PRP, and GLB (singly and in combined therapy) could have a restorative effect on endothelial functions in diabetes.

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