WHEAT ANDROCLINIC CALLI: DATA OF SCANNING ELECTRONIC MICROSCOPY

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
O.A. SELDIMIROVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Scanning Electronic Microscopy ◽  
Electronic Microscopy ◽  
Spring Soft Wheat ◽  
Fundamental Possibility ◽  
Morphological Status ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Morphogenesis In Vitro ◽  
Morphogenic Callus

The processes of formation different types of calli, as well as the morphogenesis pathways in morphogenic calli, were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) during anther culture in vitro in hybrid line Fotos of spring soft wheat. The microspore haploid origin of calli has been proven. The morphological status of the obtained calli was determined. It was shown that morphogenic callus consists of small densely packed meristematic cells covered with extracellular substance. This type of calli was obtained using a variant of the Potato II induction culture medium, added by 1.0 mg/l synthetic auxin 2,4-D. Nonmorphogenic callus consists of large, elongated, loosely located cells with a smooth surface. This type of calli was obtained using a variant of the Potato II culture medium, added by 2.0 mg/l 2,4-D. It was found that the introduction of various IAA concentrations into the Blaydes nutrient medium for regeneration in morphogenic calli implements the following pathways of morphogenesis in vitro: embryoidogenesis (without IAA addition), gemmorhizogenesis (0.5 mg/l), and rhizogenesis (1.5 mg/l). Revealed degenerative changes in cells of nonmorphogenic calli. The fundamental possibility of regulating of the morphogenesis pathways of in vitro of morphogenic calli in the direction necessary for research in biotechnological research has been confirmed.

scholarly journals Callus Induction and Shoot Formation for Mexican Red Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Pinto Cultivar in Vitro

2020 ◽  
pp. 1887-1893
Author(s):  
Rasha K. Mohammed Al-Saedi ◽  
Ansam G. Abdulhalem
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Red Bean ◽  
Internode Explants

     The current study aimed to adopt a method for inducing callus cells and regenerating the important common red bean using different types of growth regulators such as N6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), and Thidiazuron (TDZ). Different types of common bean pinto cultivar explants, such as  internodes, cotyledons and roots,  were inoculated on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) provided with different combinations of plant growth regulators, including 1- BAP (5 mg/l) 2-BAP (4.5 mg/l) NAA (0.5 mg/l), 3- BAP (4.5 mg/l), and TDZ (0.1mg/l). Callus was initiated on MS culture medium supplied with 5 mg/l BAP for all explants (internodes, cotyledons, and roots) at 50, 20, and 10% respectively, while adding NAA with 0.5mg/l showed a low percentage of callus (30%) only in the internode explants. Optimum results were obtained by growing the internodes on MS medium with 4.5 mg/l BA and either 0.5 mg/l NAA or 0.1 mg/l TDZ, transplanting the derived shoots into internodes and cotyledons with 70 and 10% respectively. This study concludes that the internodes as explants have the best growth results.

scholarly journals Morphological evaluation of the active tip of six types of orthodontic mini-implants

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia Mitiko Fernandes Kitahara-Céia ◽  
Tatiana Féres Assad-Loss ◽  
José Nelson Mucha ◽  
Carlos Nelson Elias
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Testing ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Internal Thread ◽  
Orthodontic Anchorage ◽  
Scanning Electronic Microscopy ◽  
Electronic Microscopy ◽  
Mini Implants ◽  
Morphological Evaluation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Different Characteristics

OBJECTIVE: To morphologically evaluate the active tip of six different types of self-drilling mini-implants for orthodontic anchorage. METHODS: Images of the active tips of the mini-implants were obtained with a Zeiss optical microscope, Stemi 200-C with magnification of 1.6X. The images of the surface were viewed with the Axio Vision program (Zeiss, Jena, Germany) to calculate linear and angular measures. Mini-implant morphology and the details of tips and threads were also evaluated through Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM) (JEOL, model JSM5800 LV - JEOL, Tokyo, Japan) with magnifications of 90X and 70X, respectively. The evaluation of the mini-implant taper shape was assessed using to the formula: (b - a) / (2 x D). RESULTS: The following variables were measured: (1) active tip width, (2) major diameter of external thread, (3) minor diameter of internal thread and taper of the mini-implant, (4) number of threads and lead of the screw, (5) angle of thread, (6) flank width and (7) pitch width. CONCLUSION: Mini-implants from different manufacturers presented active tips with different characteristics. Mechanical testing is necessary to cor-relate the analyzed characteristics aiming to determine the best performance.

Synthesis of Selenium Nanoparticles in the Presence of Oyster Polysaccharides and the Antioxidant Activity

2014 ◽  
Vol 522-524 ◽  
pp. 1143-1146
Author(s):  
Meng Tao Yang ◽  
Feng Li ◽  
Yu Chao Wang ◽  
Q.Y. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Sodium Selenite ◽  
Soft Template ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Scanning Electronic Microscopy ◽  
Electronic Microscopy ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Electronic Microscope

A simple method for synthesis of nanoselenium using oyster polysaccharides as soft template was investigated. The uniform stable selenium polysaccharides were obtained under the condition of reaction temperature 40°C, reaction time 3 h-5 h, the content of oyster polysaccharides 400mg/L and the content of sodium selenite 1mM. The size distribution and morphology of the product were confirmed by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and tansmission electronic microscope (TEM). The antioxidant activity of nanoselenium polysaccharides were studied in vitro. The results showed that nanoselenium polysaccharide is an effective hydroxyl radical and DPPH radical scavenger.

scholarly journals Morphogenetic ability in vitro of the genus Centaurea Kleop species of Ukrainian flora

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
A. V. Golubenko ◽  
V. I. Didenko ◽  
A. V. Zinchenko ◽  
O. V. Voytsekhivska ◽  
N. Yu. Taran
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Reproduction ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Direct Regeneration ◽  
Stem Explants ◽  
Adventitious Buds ◽  
In Vitro Morphogenesis ◽  
Murashige Skoog ◽  
Morphogenesis In Vitro ◽  
Morphogenic Callus

Aim. The purpose of the work was to introduce into the aseptic culture two endemic and one common species of the Centaurea genus (C. breviceps, C. steveniana and C. stoebe) and to identify their ability to different types of morphogenesis. Methods. The methods of plant tissue and cell culture in vitro are used in this work. Seeds and parts of the seedlings derived from seeds were primary cultivating material. The nutritional medium of Murashige Skoog was used as a base. The seeds were sprouted according to Nikolaeva’s methods and their own modifications. Results. Seedlings C. breviceps, C. steveniana and C. stoebe were obtained. Ability to vegetative reproduction in vitro by cutting and forming non-morphogenic callus of C. breviceps plants have been shown. C. steveniana explants formed morphogenic callus and vegetative and generative shoots-regenerants from it, as well as they were able to the shoot direct regeneration (microcloning) from the segments of the stem. C. stoebe did not form the adventitious buds on stem explants, but revealed the ability to mass regeneration from leafy and petiolate explants. Conclusions. Morphogenesis in vitro of the various speces of Centaurea genus have both type and tissue specificity, and depends on explants. The investigated species are able to the following types of morphogenesis: forming of callus, direct and indirect regeneration of adventitious buds and shoots from them, forming of generative shoots.Keywords: Centaurea, rare endemic plants, in vitro morphogenesis.

scholarly journals In vitro plant regeneration of two cucumber (Cucumis sativum L.) genotypes: Effects of explant types and culture medium

Genetika ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 485-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislava Grozeva ◽  
Nikolay Velkov
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Explant Type ◽  
In Vitro Plant Regeneration ◽  
Morphogenesis In Vitro ◽  
In Vitro Plant

The effect of different phytohormone concentrations on callusogenesis and organogenesis in two cucumber genotypes were studied. It was established that the rate of plant regeneration depends on genotype, explant type and culture medium. Hypocotyls were found to be more responsive than cotyledons in morphogenesis. In vitro planlet-regenerants have been obtained in hypocotyls explants on culture medium with 1.0 and 2.0 mgL-1 BA for cultivar Gergana and in 1.0 and 3.0 mgL-1K-line 15B. Induction of regeneration in cotyledons were established only in cultivar Gergana on culture medium supplemented with 3.0 mgL-1 BA and in combination of 0.5 mgL-1IAA.

scholarly journals Micropropagation and callogenesis in Mandevilla guanabarica (Apocynaceae), an endemic plant from Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Zorat Cordeiro ◽  
Naomi Kato Simas ◽  
Anaize Borges Henriques ◽  
Alice Sato
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Boron Concentration ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Plant Maintenance ◽  
Different Types ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Mandevilla guanabarica is an endemic plant from Brazil, with pharmacological and ornamental potential, both unexplored. This study established the best culture medium for in vitro plant maintenance, efficient protocol for its regeneration, and callogenesis from different explants excised from in vitro-grown plants. Woody plant medium with double boron concentration (WPM B) plus 2.27 µM thidiazuron or 0.49 µM 2-isopentenyladenine provided multiplication rates higher than 1:6. Shoots were 100% rooted on WPM B. After acclimatization, plants showed 83% survival. For callogenesis, the use of MS media supplemented with high concentrations of picloram or 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid produced, respectively, friable or compact non-morphogenic calluses from different types of explants. This micropropagation protocol allows the production of seedlings of M. guanabarica for ornamental or commercial uses, and for conservation purposes; calluses can be used to establish suspension cultures in prospecting for bioactive compounds.

scholarly journals Critical Factors for Metformin Osmotic Controlled Release Pump

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
García-Flores Mirna ◽  
Melgoza-Contreras Luz María ◽  
Hernández-Baltazar Efrén
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Osmotic Pump ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Scanning Electronic Microscopy ◽  
Electronic Microscopy ◽  
Drug Release Profile ◽  
Osmotic Pumps ◽  
The Impact

Aim: Studied the critical factors in the design of an osmotic pump with metformin release rate constant at 4%/hr in diabetes mellitus within 24 hr. with the goal to reduce daily medications. Study Design: Experimental design 32 Methodology: In vitro drug release profiles for 24h. The effects of different formulation variables, that is, concentration of hydrophilic polymer, diameter of drug releasing orifice and coating thickness, on the drug release profile were investigated. Also, the impact of pH, osmotic pressure and morphology with stereo microscopy and scanning electronic microscopy of the osmotic pumps were investigated. At last, osmotic pumps surface was analyze with scanning electronic microscopy. Results: Metformin osmotic pump were successfully prepared in this study to overcome the weak point of multiple doses and great concentration fluctuation of metformin. The formulation determined finally have a release orifice of 700 mm and 3.0% of weight gain, achieved the desired effect which can realize the constant drug release rate at the first 24 hr. Conclusion: The developed osmotic systems have a linear release near 4%/hr. and demonstrated that the behavior was independent of the agitation intensity and the pH of the gastrointestinal apparatus.

scholarly journals Microscopy, Culture, and Quantitative Real-Time PCR Examination Confirm Internalization of Mycobacteria in Plants

2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (13) ◽  
pp. 3888-3894 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kaevska ◽  
S. Lvoncik ◽  
I. Slana ◽  
P. Kulich ◽  
P. Kralik
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Real Time Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Different Strains

ABSTRACTThe environment is a reservoir of nontuberculous mycobacteria and is considered a source of infection for animals and humans. Mycobacteria can persist in different types of environments for a relatively long time. We have studied their possible internalization into plant tissue through intact, as well as damaged, root systems of different types of plants grownin vitroand under field conditions. The substrate into which plants were seeded was previously contaminated with different strains ofMycobacterium avium(108to 1010cells/g of soil) and feces from animals with paratuberculosis. We detectedM. aviumsubsp.avium,hominissuis, andparatuberculosisin the stems and leaves of the plants by both culture and real-time quantitative PCR. The presence of mycobacteria in the plant tissues was confirmed by microscopy. The concentration of mycobacteria found inside plant tissue was several orders of magnitude lower (up to 104cells/g of tissue) than the initial concentration of mycobacteria present in the culture medium or substrate. These findings led us to the hypothesis that plants may play a role in the spread and transmission of mycobacteria to other organisms in the environment.

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