Risk groups of patients at the dentist with a burdensome allergy history

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-62
Author(s):  
O. M. Boychenko ◽  
◽  
T. M. Moshel ◽  
I. Yu. Popovich ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Anesthetics ◽  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Local Injection ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Outpatient Basis ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
Adaptive Capabilities ◽  
Toxic Reactions

Local injectable anesthesia is widely used in modern dentistry. First of all, the purpose of anesthesia in the practice of the doctor is to relieve the patient’s emotional stress and eliminate pain during the procedure. According to the classical position of N. E. Vvedensky, local anesthetics affect the functional state of the nerve, changing its conductivity and excitability. With the help of questionnaires we conducted a survey of 65 patients aged 18 to 75 years who sought medical help at the regional dental center in Poltava. The results of a questionnaire of doctors on the use of local anesthetics in dental practice were also analyzed. With the help of laboratory methods of examination of oral fluid, a decrease in the rate of salivation, saliva pH, leukocyte migration rate was determined. The purpose of the survey was to identify the frequency of manifestations of various allergic reactions to drugs in patients. All patients were systematized by age and comorbidities, which further affected their distribution. The distribution of patients by risk groups (allergy history) allowed to assess the prevalence of allergic diseases depending on age and sex. Particular attention was paid to elderly and senile patients, as their condition is characterized by a decrease in compensatory and adaptive capabilities. Patients with somatic pathology and persons with multiple foci of chronic odontogenic infection should be classified as at risk for the development of allergic reactions to local anesthetics, which should be taken into account when performing local injection anesthesia on an outpatient basis. It should be remembered that concomitant pathology affects the choice of anesthetic and can determine the development of toxic reactions during local injection anesthesia in the head and neck. This category of patients requires dentists to take a more responsible approach to collecting medical history and taking preventive measures to prevent the development of allergic and toxic reactions to local anesthetics.

scholarly journals Lidocaine: A Local Anesthetic, Its Adverse Effects and Management

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 782
Author(s):  
Entaz Bahar ◽  
Hyonok Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Local Anesthetic ◽  
Local Anesthetics ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Life Threatening

The most widely used medications in dentistry are local anesthetics (LA), especially lidocaine, and the number of recorded adverse allergic responses, particularly of hazardous responses, is quite low. However, allergic reactions can range from moderate to life-threatening, requiring rapid diagnosis and treatment. This article serves as a review to provide information on LA, their adverse reactions, causes, and management.

Early clinical and laboratory diagnostics of allergodermatoses in electroplating shop workers

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-371
Author(s):  
Elena N. Kryuchkova ◽  
Irina V. Jatcyna ◽  
Larisa I. Antoshina
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Nickel Content ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Nickel Compounds ◽  
Allergic Skin

Introduction. At the present stage, the occupational pathology of the skin remains one of the significant medical and social problems. In this regard, special attention is paid to the early diagnosis of sensitization to industrial chemical allergens to target occupational allergic diseases. The aim of the study was to study the changes in clinical and laboratory parameters in the formation of allergic skin diseases in workers during nickel plating. Material and methods. Three hundred eighty-nine employees of the machine-building enterprise were examined. The leading group consisted of 214 people exposed to harmful chemical factors of production. Group of intact persons 175 people is represented by employees who do not come into contact with harmful factors of the production environment. The condition of the skin of workers was analyzed. Laboratory studies of oxidative metabolism and immune status were performed according to unified methods. The nickel content in the urine was determined by voltammetry. Results. At the studied enterprise, 38,3% of workers were diagnosed with occupational skin diseases (epidermosis, allergic dermatitis, eczema). In the formation of dermatological morbidity, an increase in the activity of alkaline (ALPn) and acid (ACPn) phosphatase of neutrophils by 1,7-2.2 times and inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and neutrophil myeloperoxidase (MPn) by 1.2-1.5 times relative to the control group was found. On the part of the immune system, there was an activation of the suppressor function of T-lymphocytes (CD8+); B-lymphocytes (CD20+), an increase in the content of immunoglobulins IgG, total IgE, circulating immune complexes by 1.5-2.0 times and a decrease in the levels of immunoglobulins IgA, IgM by 3.0-5.0 times compared to the control. The relationship between the nickel content in the urine of workers and changes in the indicators of ACPn (r = 0.76), MPn (r = -0.87), (CD4+) (r = -0.91), (CD8+) (r = 0,86), general IgE (r = 0.92), indicating the priority role of nickel compounds in the formation of allergodermatoses in workers. Conclusion. The proposed complex of biomarkers aims to detect early the initial forms of allergodermatosis and the formation of risk groups for the timely rehabilitation of electroplating workers.

scholarly journals INVOLVEMENT OF SOME ALLERGENS OF PLANT AND ANIMAL ORIGIN IN ALLERGIC REACTIONS RELATED TO RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 76-74
Author(s):  
Hemalata V. Dange
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Prick Test ◽  
Bird Droppings ◽  
Animal Dander

In India, the prevalence of allergic responses and bronchial asthma is on the rise, which is a major public health concern. Increased exposure to an allergen, a substance that causes a reaction, can cause allergy sensitization in genetically vulnerable people. Continued exposure to allergens can raise the risk of allergic diseases which can further progress into life threating respiratory diseases. Allergic reactions to a variety of indoor and outdoor allergens play a key role in severe breathing disorders such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). There are distinctive kinds of allergens like animal proteins and animal dander, pollen, food, fungi, mould, Insects, Bird droppings and many others. The common allergens that cause respiratory difficulties have been identified after an honest effort. A modest retrospective analysis of 160 patients was done. Their medical history was gathered in order to determine whether or not they had been exposed to allergies in the past. All of the study participants were given a Skin prick test (SPT) with a variety of allergens, and their allergy status was evaluated based on the results. Most allergens, such as dust mites, pollen grains, and pigeon droppings, have been discovered to cause severe respiratory allergies, which can lead to life-threatening respiratory complications.

scholarly journals Physiological or pathological hypertrophy of athlete’s heart syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Gorbenko ◽  
Yu. P. Skirdenko ◽  
N. A. Nikolaev ◽  
O. V. Zamahina ◽  
S. A. Sherstyuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Physical Exertion ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Medical Society ◽  
Adaptive Capabilities ◽  
European Society Of Cardiology

<p>Intense physical activity increases the risk of sudden death by 10–17 fold. Some of the most important tasks of modern pathophysiology in sports medicine include searching for factors that allow an athlete’s body to adapt to loads, understanding the line between adaptation and pathology and identifying risk groups of adaptation failure. It is necessary to distinguish between hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and true myocardial hypertrophy in athletes that results from the adaptation of the cardiovascular system to intense physical exertion. In Seattle, the American Medical Society of Sports Medicine together with the European Society of Cardiology proposed standards for the interpretation of electrocardiogram in athletes and considered criteria for the detection of pathological changes. The best functional state of an athlete and the effectiveness of his/her training are noted with high autonomy and high variability of heart rate. This is reflected in rhythmocardiogram data by increases in high frequency and root mean square of successive differences in heartbeats and a decrease in the low-frequency to high-frequency ratio.<br />A promising direction in the study of markers of an athletic heart is the analysis of echocardiographic (EchoCG) images of young and professional athletes. According to EchoСG analysis, nonadaptive remodelling is the loss of the ellipsoid shape of the left ventricle in favour of a spherical one. In athletes, when assessing transmitral flow by EchoCG, a low A peak can be considered a reserve of adaptive capabilities of the heart and not a pathology. For athletes-dischargers, a concentric variant of changing the geometry of the myocardium is characteristic. Upon reaching the qualification of a candidate, master of sports<br />an eccentric change in the left ventricle cavity prevails.</p><p><strong>Funding:</strong> The study did not have sponsorship.</p><p><strong>Conflict of interest:</strong> Authors declare no conflict of interest.</p><p><strong>Author contributions</strong><br />Conception and design: Y.P. Skirdenko <br />Drafting the article: A.V. Gorbenko, O.V. Zamahina, S.A. Sherstyuk<br />Critical revision of the article: N.A. Nikolaev<br />Final approval of the version to be published: A.V. Gorbenko, Y.P. Skirdenko, N.A. Nikolaev, O.V. Zamahina, S.A. Sherstyuk, A.V. Ershov</p>

Allergenic pollen emissions from vegetation—threats and prevention

2018 ◽  
pp. 195-201
Author(s):  
Åslög Dahl ◽  
Matilda van den Bosch ◽  
Thomas Ogren
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Allergic Reaction ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Immune Systems ◽  
Pollen Biology

Allergic diseases are caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to a certain environmental exposure. Many different agents may induce an allergic reaction. This chapter concerns reactions to pollen. Although allergies to animals, for example dogs and cats, may be considered as part of nature-induced allergy, the focus here is on vegetation. Allergic reactions to pollen depend on the type of pollen, biological properties, location, and individual factors. Changes in our immune systems, our living environments and lifestyles, and climate change may play a role in the increasing prevalence of pollen allergies. This chapter contains three major sections: first, the basics of pollen biology are outlined; secondly, pollen’s impact on human health are introduced; and finally, the chapter includes a section on how practitioners and policymakers can plan our cities to be green, and yet limited in allergenic exposure.

scholarly journals Markers showing allergic reactions in children caused by aerogenic exposure to manganese and nickel compounds

2020 ◽  
pp. 84-91
Author(s):  
S.L. Valina ◽  
◽  
I.E. Shtina ◽  
O.A. Maklakova ◽  
D.A. Eisfel'd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Background Level ◽  
Close Relation ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Vegetative Nervous System ◽  
Nickel Compounds ◽  
Prevention Activities

High prevalence of allergic diseases among children and their close relation with quality of the environment require new approaches to organizing diagnostic and prevention activities. Our research objects were 247 children attending pre-school children facilities (PSCF). It was detected that children who permanently lived and/or attended a pre-school facility for not less than three years under long-term chemical aerogenic exposure to manganese and nickel compounds in low doses (0.17–0.23 MPC average daily) had contents of these metals in their blood that were 1.9–2.0 times higher than the same parameter in children from the reference group and 1.7–2.1 times higher than background level in the region. Pre-school children with their biological media being contaminated with nickel and manganese compounds suffered from atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, and bronchial asthma 1.3–4.5 times more frequently (0.23R20.73; 59.2F388.1; р≤0.001). Allergic diseases associated with aerogenic exposure to chemicals with sensitizing power have certain pathogenetic peculiarities such as active overall inflammatory reaction; sensitization in 54–86% children (the parameter is 1.5–4.3 times higher than in the reference group); cellular metabolism disorder; depletion of antioxidant protection resources in 72% children; deficient activity of phagocytic and humoral section in immunity (1.2 times lower than in the reference group); cytokine regulation disorders (2.4–2.5 time difference); reduced expression of a receptor that induces activation apoptosis; stronger sympathetic influence on heart rate modulation in 26.0% children. Basing on statistical analysis and model making, we determined markers that showed occurring allergic reactions caused by aerogenic exposure to manganese and nickel compounds. These markers are targets for prevention activities; they include growth in allergic pathologies prevalence; these pathologies occurring together with chronic inflammatory-proliferative diseases and disorders in the vegetative nervous system; increased contents of leukocytes, eosinophils, and immunoglobulin E specific to nickel in blood; a decrease in phagocyte number and contents of IgM, IgА in blood serum (0.07≤R2≤0.74; 19.3≤F≤713.2; р≤0.0001).

scholarly journals The main features of epidemiology and clinical-immunological interactions of infections caused by herpes viruses and opisthorchiasis at residents of Tomsk

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 108-112
Author(s):  
N. A. Cherevko ◽  
L. M. Ogorodova ◽  
M. V. Vasiliyeva
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Allergic Sensitization ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Herpes Viruses ◽  
Immunological Interactions ◽  
Simplex Virus

To elucidate the epidemiological, clinical and immunological characteristics of infections caused by herpes viruses and opistorhisami in the etiology and pathogenesis of allergic diseases, we examined 350 residents of Tomsk. The high frequency of infection among residents of Tomsk with herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, in comparison with the average for Russia in all the groups studied. The level of sensitization and the different severity of allergic reactions in the studied sample was 74%. In groups of volunteers infected with opisthorchiasis, the prevalence of allergic sensitization is higher than the group infected with herpes. The combination of allergic sensitization in herpes-infected patients is associated with the risk of recurrent course of infection, ie with the frequency and severity of clinical manifestations of the latter.

scholarly journals Actual aspects of use of ergoferon in outpatient polyclinic practice

2018 ◽  
pp. 90-95
Author(s):  
O. V. Fesenko
Keyword(s):  
Active Drug ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Antiviral Immune Response ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Distinctive Property ◽  
Preclinical And Clinical Studies

Acute respiratory infections (ARI) and influenza are referred to the most common diseases among children and adults. Despite a wide choice of medications for this pathology, we still need ones that combine a multipurpose antiviral activity, have proven effectiveness and safety and enable application in patients from risk groups, including allergic diseases. The pharmacological activity of a release-active drug Ergoferon is determined by the complex action of its components on antiviral immune response and virus-induced inflammation in the respiratory tract. Each component at the same time has its own target modulating action, which is a distinctive property of release-active antibodies forms. The article presents an overview of Russian and foreign publications, summarizing the results of preclinical and clinical studies effectiveness and safety of the Ergoferon use for treatment and prevention of acute respiratory infections and influenza in patients of different age groups.

scholarly journals Applicability of Oral Fluid and Dried Blood Spot for Hepatitis B Virus Diagnosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Livia Melo Villar ◽  
Cristianne Sousa Bezerra ◽  
Helena Medina Cruz ◽  
Moyra Machado Portilho ◽  
Geane Lopes Flores
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Dried Blood Spot ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Virus Diagnosis ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Blood Spot

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the major causes of chronic liver disease worldwide; however most of individuals are not aware about the infection. Oral fluid and dried blood spot (DBS) samples may be an alternative to serum to HBV diagnosis to increase the access to diagnosis in remote areas or high-risk groups. The main objective of this review is to give an insight about the usefulness of oral fluid and DBS for detecting HBV markers. Several groups have evaluated the detection of HBsAg, anti-HBc, and anti-HBs markers in oral fluid and DBS samples demonstrating 13 to 100% of sensitivity and specificity according different groups, sample collectors, and diagnosis assays. In the same way, HBV DNA detection using oral fluid and DBS samples demonstrate different values of sensitivity according type of collection, studied group, extraction, and detection methods. Thus, serological and molecular diagnostic tests demonstrated good performance for detecting HBV using oral fluid and DBS according some characteristics and could be useful to increase the access to the diagnosis of HBV.

Akuter Bauchschmerz: einweisen oder nicht? Und was dann?

2019 ◽  
Vol 144 (10) ◽  
pp. 670-676
Author(s):  
Jakob Garbe ◽  
Patrick Michl ◽  
Andreas Klement
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Emergency Room ◽  
Acute Abdominal Pain ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Interdisciplinary Cooperation ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Outpatient Basis ◽  
Emergency Rooms ◽  
Oder Nicht ◽  
Hospital Emergency Room

AbstractAcute abdominal pain (AAP) is a common symptom and reason for encounter in family practices and emergency rooms. About every tenth hospital emergency room consultation is dealing with AAP, the most important reason is the “suspected acute abdomen”. Important diagnostic considerations and clarification steps in family practice and emergency room are presented with the question: in which cases further treatment must be inpatient – or can be done on an outpatient basis. Acute abdominal pain has a complex differential diagnostic spectrum. Early detection of urgent cases is crucial to the outcome. The most important diagnostic means are history (“inductive foraging”), physical examination and sonography. “Yellow flags” provide valuable information for risk groups. Interdisciplinary cooperation is crucial, in doubt: “four eyes principle”. If the cause is unclear, follow-up should be planned.

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