scholarly journals NANOAKVAHELAT GERMANIUM AFFECT ON THE GROWTH OF PIGLETS DURING THE PRENATAL PERIOD

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 261-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. V. Kuldonashvili ◽  
V. I. Sheremeta ◽  
V. G. Kaplunenko
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Large White ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Newborn Piglets ◽  
Growth Intensity ◽  
Margin Of Error ◽  
White Breed ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

The experiment was carried out on cross-breed sows of Large White breed and Landrace of the first farrowing. The groups were formed by the principle of groups-analogues and according to a live weight (180-200 kg). Sows were artificially inseminated by semen of Duroc boars. The experimental animals after farrowing in the I group have been fed for three days with Glyutam 1M at a dose of 20 ml. Females in the II experimental group, from 1 to 9 days before farrowing and 10 days after it, have been fed with Nanoakvahelat Germanium (in aqueous solution) at a dose of 11.16 mg / kg. In addition, they have been fed for 3 days after farrowing with Glyutam 1M at a dose of 20 ml. Sows in the III experimental group have been fed with Nanoakvahelat Germanium at a dose of 11.16 mg/kg in a period of 4-9 days before farrowing and 10 days after it. Animals in the control group during the period from 1 to 9 days before farrowing and 10 days after it have been given in the feed a saline (20 ml). Glyutam 1M was fed after farrowing, so, it could not affect the weight of newborn piglets. This gives us an opportunity to combine the control and experimental groups. If to consider the fact, that in the II experimental group Glyutam 1M was also fed after the farrowing and could not affect the weight of newborn piglets; than sows of the II and the III groups were combined to determine the effect of feeding with Nanoakvahelat Germanium before farrowing on the live weight of newborn piglets. Data analysis shows, that a live weight of normal piglets in the experimental group was at the monitoring level, and the hypotrophous piglets’ weight was less by 6.7%. In the experimental group sows born hypotrophous piglets less by 12 head (15.8%) compared with the control one. Nanoakvahelat Germanium medicine could not affect at the total number of newborn piglets –as the number of these piglets is formed in the first days of gestating period, and the medicine has been fed for 1-9 days before farrowing. Therefore, a fewer hypotrophous piglets’ number in the experimental group with significantly less live weight (compared with control) may indicate, that Nanoakvahelat Germanium helped to increase the number of normal piglets. So we can assume, that the increase of the number of normal piglets, and the reduce of hypotrophous ones and their live weight (p ≤ 0,05), show us the effect of Germanium on the redistribution of nutrients: the fetuses with low growth intensity get nutrients from embryos with higher intensity. To confirm this hypothesis, the experimental piglets were divided into groups depending on the number of days of feeding of Nanoakvahelat Germanium to sows. A live weight of hypotrophous piglets was higher by 9.1% when feeding Nanoakvahelat Germanium from 1 to 5 days before farrowing compared to those ones, that have been fed for 6-7 days. And compared to feeding from 8 to 9 days the difference was within the margin of error. A weight of piglets was lower by 10.0% and 7.5% (6-7 days before farrowing) compared to the subgroups, where the medicine has been given for 1-5 and 8-9 days. In the subgroup of sows, which were injected with Germanium in a period of 6-7 days before the farrowing, the number of hypotrophous piglets with the lowest body weight was the highest among other groups. Herewith the number of normal piglets was the smallest. That is, the assumption that Germanium promotes redistribution of nutrients between fetuses is not true. The growth is largely dependent on the sex of the animal. In the experiment a live weight of newborn male and female piglets was nearly at the same level. It means that their growth intensity was almost the same. Comparative analysis (was held depending on the size of newborn of different sexes) shows, that in the control and experimental groups hypotrophous male piglets had a live weight less by 6.2% and 3.5%, and normal piglets’ weight was higher by 2.2% and 2.7% compared with females. Hypotrophous male and female piglets under research had a live weight less by 7.7% and 4.9% compared with control ones. But, newborns normal piglets were almost identical. The number of hypotrophous male and female piglets was lower by 1 and 11 head, and the number of normal piglets was higher by 8 and 5 head respectively. That is, that the hypothesis about the distribution of nutrients affected by Nanoakvahelat Germanium is confirmed. But it is only about male piglets. It should be noted, that there was only onehypotrophous pigletin the experimental group and it was a male one. Analysis of a live weight and the number of piglets depending on the total feeding dose shows, that a live weight of male piglets increases with the number of days of feeding of the medicine. Such changes of live weight and number of piglets depending on the total dose indirectly support the proposed hypothesis. Therefore, feeding sows with Nanoakvahelat Germanium from 1 to 9 days increases the number of normal newborn piglets without significant changes in their live weight, as well as this medicine leads to a slight increase in a live weight of male piglets.

scholarly journals Impact of feeding with protein–vitamin mineral supplement «Minaktyvit» on the structure of gastrointestinal tract of young pigs

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Bondarenko
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Large White ◽  
Mineral Supplement ◽  
Large White Breed ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Experimental Group

The research was conducted on two groups–analogues of young pigs of large white breed with 10 pigs each. Weaned piglets at the age of 28 days were fed with the protein–vitamin mineral supplement «Minaktyvit» – starter in the amount of 25% of grain feed (33 days), while young pigs in growing were given the protein–vitamin mineral supplement «Minaktyvit» – grower in the amount of 15% (50 days) and those in fattening the protein–vitamin mineral supplement «Minaktyvit» – finisher in the amount of 10% (62 days). The control group received protein–vitamin mineral supplement. At the end of growing with the live weight of 100 – 110 kg a control slaughter was carried out and samples of stomach, small and large intestines for laboratory tests were picked out. Studies have shown that feeding of young pigs with the protein–vitamin mineral supplement «Minaktyvit» increases the average daily gains by 95 g or 15.68%, while their level is 701 g in the experimental group of animals and 606 g in the control one. The protein–vitamin mineral supplement «Minaktyvit» incredibly affected the morphological parameters of the stomach in the experimental group of pigs. However, the thickening of the walls by 4.3%, 5% and 10.9% respectively is observed in cardiac, fundic and pyloric areas of the experimental group, compared to the control one. The thickening of the walls in stomach areas under the influence of feed factor is associated with increasing of the mucosa thickness. Mucosa increased by 0.1 mm in the cardiac area, 0.36 mm in fundic and 0.53 mm in the pyloric one. The change in the structure of the investigated jejunum is observed while consuming the protein–vitamin mineral supplement «Minaktyvit» in the diet. The wall thickness increased by 17.57% (P < 0.05), including the thickening of mucosa by 16.7% and that of serous–muscular shell by 18.8%. No significant difference in the structure of the colon in the experimental group of animals was determined.

scholarly journals The effective use of Pietren breed at purebred and crossbred selection

2018 ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
O. Khmeliova ◽  
R. Stavetska
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Large White ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Experimental Group

The article highlights the problem of finding optimal variants of breeding process in a herd of pigs at purebred and crossbred selection. For this purpose, the control and two experimental groups were formed: ♀ Pietrain × ♂ Pietrain (control), ♀ (Pietrain × Large White) × ♂ Large White (first experimental group), ♀ (Pietrain × Durok) × ♂ Pitren (second experimental group). The analysis of the animals performance in these groups was carried out in 40, 30 and 35 parities, respectively. The research was conducted on the basis of PE «Maglevovany M.I.» in the Donetsk region. It has been established that the higher level of reproductive characteristics have sows of first experimental group, which have heredity of Large White breed, this breed is traditionally considered as a maternal form in cross-breeding schemes. For instance, their litter size at birth is higher than the same indicator in the control and second experimental group (plus 0,5, P<0,05, and 0,3 piglets, respectively); by the litter size at weaning at 28 days (plus 1,6, P<0,001, and 0,6 piglets); by the litter size at 2 months (plus 1,6, P<0,001, and 0,4 piglets). The highest piglet survival at the age of 2 months was in the litters, whose ancestor were boars of Pietrain breed (second experimental group) − plus 3,6 and 2,3 %, respectively, compered to purebred piglets of Pietrain breed and the first experimental group. For such complex indexes as the litter weight at weaning and litter weight at 2 months the first experimental group had an advantage of 18,1 kg (P<0,001) and 31,1 kg (P<0,001) over the control group (purebred Pietrain) and 5,4 kg and 7,6 kg − over the second experimental group. However, the average piglet weight of sows of second experimental group both at 28 days and at 2 months are equal to the average piglet weight of the same age of the first experimental group. The piglets, which are descendants of boars of meat breeds Duroc and Pietrain show a tendency to the faster growth even in an early age. The avarage live weight of pigs of the second experimental group at the age of 100 days and 7 months is higher compared to avarage live weight of pigs of the same age of the control and the first experimental groups – plus 8,5–21,7 kg (P<0,01 for the second experimental group) and 4,4–13,5 kg (P<0,001 for the second experimental group), respectively. At the age of 100 days, the maximum average daily gain was obtained in the second experimental group with an advantage of 190 g (P<0,001) compared to control group and 115 g (P<0,001) compared to the first experimental group. It is obvious that hybrids with the faster growth, which were obtained through crossbreeding ♀ (Pietrain × Duroc) × ♂ Pietrain reach a live weight of 100 kg in a shorter period: they need less time needed to reach 100 kg of live weight – 32 days less (P<0,001 ) compared to purebred animals of Pietrain breed (control group) and 18 days less (P<0,001) compared to hybrids ♀ (Pietrain × Large White) × ♂ Large White (the first control group). By such an indicator as the fat thickness the hybrids of the second experimental group dominate by purebred pigs of the same age of the control group (minus 0,2 mm), that characterize the low ability of meat breed for getting fat. The fat thickness of hybrids of the second experimental group was less by 0,9 mm (P<0,001) compared to the pigs of the first experimental group. Thus, in this herd in order to improve the reproductive qualities of sows, it is suggested to use the crossbreeding scheme ♀ (Pietrain × Large White) × ♂ Large White and to improve the fattening qualities of young animals the optimal is scheme of crossbreeding ♀ (Pietrain × Duroc) × ♂ Pietrain. Key words: pigs, Pietrain, Large White, Duroc, purebred and crossbred selection, reproductive and fattening qualities.

The use of sorbents in the diets of pregnant sows

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-53
Author(s):  
E. Ermolova ◽  
A. Bochkarev ◽  
C. Ermolov
Keyword(s):  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Large White ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
White Breed ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Chelyabinsk Region ◽  
Experimental Group

Pig breeding in Russia is one of the most important branches of animal husbandry. The share of pig breeding currently accounts for about 20 % of the total gross livestock production of the country. The profitability of this type of animal husbandry is determined by several factors, the main of which is the expenditures of feed, which is an important indicator of any agricultural enterprise engaged in the production of pork. The purpose of the work was to study the use of sorbents in the diets of pregnant sows. Scientific and economic experiment has been carried out on 3 groups of pregnant sows of Large White breed for 19 heads into each on the base of CJSC “Uralbroiler” pig complex “Rodnikovsky” in the Krasnoarmeysky district in the Chelyabinsk region. The digestibility of crude protein in the 2nd experimental group was 75,46 % the differences between the 1st control and 2nd experimental groups for this indicator were at the level of 1,41 %. The digestibility of crude fiber in sows of the 2nd experimental group exceeded of analogues of the 1st control group by 4,97 %, crude fat by 5,24 %, amounting to 41,09 (Р ≤ 0,001) and 60,47 % (Р ≤ 0,05). The feed additive glauconite in the diets of sows of the 3rd experimental group also had a positive influence on the digestibility of the main nutrients of the diet. If in the 1st control group the digestibility of dry matter was 69,23 %, in the 3rd experimental group it has increased to 72,92 % (Р ≤ 0,01) or 3,69 %, and the difference in the digestibility of organic matter was 2,08 % reaching the value of 75,51 %. The best results in the digestibility of nutrients in the diet of sows have been observed in the 2nd experimental group when using the feed additive Nabikat.

The use of premix in feeding of young pigs on fattening

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
A. S. Ivanova ◽  
N. V. Dunaeva
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Correct Selection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pork Meat ◽  
Large White ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Selection Of

Increasing the production of pork meat requires careful work not only in terms of breeding, but also in the organization of complete feeding of animals, the correct selection of feed and feed additives containing the necessary nutrients. The purpose of the work was to analyze the use of premix in feeding young pigs on fattening. Two groups of fattening young pigs (Large White×Landrace) have been selected for the researches using the method of analogous groups, taking into account the breed, age, and live weight per 20 heads in each group with a live weight of 35 kg. Pigs of the control group have received the main economic diet, and animals of the experimental group have received an additional premix Khutorok at the rate of 10 g of premix per 1 kg of feed. The results have shown that the best age to reach 100 kg was in the experimental group of pigs – 215,8 days, which received premix with feed that characterizes their higher precocity by 36,3 days (P < 0,001) than in the control group of animals. The use of this premix had a positive impact on the livability of young animals, in the experimental group it was by 9,3 abs.% more than in the control group of animals. Thus, the best fattening traits have been possessed by young pigl of the experimental group have been received the premix Khutorok in their diet at the rate of 10 g of premix per 1 kg of feed. The obtained data indicate the feasibility of using the premix Khutorok in the feeding pigs for fattening.

Effectiveness of anti-stress drug use in the feeding of pigs

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-42
Author(s):  
S. I. Nikolaev ◽  
O. V. Korneeva ◽  
V. V. Shkalenko ◽  
A. K. Karapetyan ◽  
L. A. Syuliev
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Indicators ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Productive Traits ◽  
Experimental Group

The experiment has been carried out on a crossbred stock of young pigs in the period 2015–2017 under the conditions of JSC CHC “Krasnodonskoe” in the Ilovlinsky district in the Volgograd region. The purpose of the research was to study the effectiveness of the effect of the anti-stress drug Feed-Food Magic Antistress Mix in intensive pig rearing on the productive traits and quality of the products obtained, as well as the estimated economic indicators. In order to conduct a scientific and economic experiment at the age of 60 days young pigs were divided into 2 experimental groups (control and experimental) according to the principle of pair analogs. Each group contained 25 heads. The difference between the control and experimental groups was that the animals in the control group have received the main diet, and the experimental group has received the anti-stress drug Feed-Food Magic Antistress Mix in addition to the main diet. In the experimental group of pigs when this drug was administered in the age 180 days the live weight parameter was higher than in the control group by 1,55 kg. Clinical indicators of young pigs were within the physiological norm. The pre-slaughter weight in the experimental group has increased by 4,86 % compared to the control group. Due to the use of an anti-stress drug the slaughter weight of animals in the experimental group has increased by 6,69 %. In comparison with the control group the slaughter yield in the experimental group has increased by 1,18 %, in which this indicator was at the level of 67,62 %. The morphological composition of carcasses in animals of the experimental group was also improved. Meat yield has increased by 0,95 %. The yield of fat and bones has decreased by 0,59 and 0,36 %. The weight of internal organs was also superior in the experimental group of pigs. Due to the use of the anti-stress drug the level of profitability in the experimental group of animals has increased by 11,69 %.

scholarly journals Technological methods of increasing the meat productivity of sheep in late lambing periods

2021 ◽  
Vol 209 (06) ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
Larisa Pashkova
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Population ◽  
Technological Method ◽  
Housing Systems ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
Group Chemical ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract. The purpose of the research was to develop a method for increasing the meat productivity of sheep under various housing systems. Methods. All studies were conducted according to generally accepted methods. The experimental population of rams of the control and experimental groups was kept until the age of 3 months together with ewes on the pasture (suckling period) with further weaning at the age of 3 months. Further, the rams were divided according to the technologies of keeping: the control group – pasture (graziery), and the experimental group – indoor maintenance (fattening) up to 4 months of age, followed by control slaughter. Monthly weighing of the experimental young rams livestock was carried out. Results. The research work showed that the use of this technological method significantly contributed in increasing average gain and live weight, respectively, by 6.6 % (20 g) and 5.7 % (2.3 kg) and as a result, slaughter weight – by 9.2 % (1.6 kg) in young rams from the experimental group in comparison with analogues of the control group. Chemical, amino acid and microstructural analyses of samples of the longissimus of the livestock showed that the specimens of the young rams of the experimental group had the best food and market advantages. The efficiency of using this technological method is also confirmed by the calculated economic indicators – the difference in the level of profitability was 7.9 % in favor of the rams of the experimental group. The scientific novelty of the research work is a detailed study of the indicators of meat productivity under the influence of this technological method with the justification of its application and the introduction of both scientific and practical contributions to the development of sheep farming.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF PROBIOTIC PREPARATIONS IN REALIZATION OF REPRODUCTIVE AND PRODUCTIVE QUALITIES OF PIGS

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
В.Г. СЕМЕНОВ ◽  
А.В. ОБУХОВА ◽  
Н.К. КИРИЛЛОВ ◽  
А.С. ТИХОНОВ
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Large White ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Newborn Piglets ◽  
Large White Breed ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Productive Potential ◽  
Experimental Group

Цель работы – реализация репродуктивных качеств свиноматок и продуктивности поросят активизацией неспецифической резистентности организма пробиотическими препаратами. Методология. Для проведения научно-исследовательской работы сформировали по 3 группы тяжелосупоросных свиноматок и новорожденных поросят породы крупная белая, по 10 животных в каждой группе. С целью стимуляции биоресурсного потенциала организма животных применяли пробиотические препараты А2 (первая опытная группа) и Иммунофлор (вторая опытная группа). Результаты. Применение супоросным свиноматкам пробиотических препаратов А2 и Иммунофлор двукратно, в начале супоросности и за две недели до опороса, из расчета 0,25 кг и 0,08 кг на 1 тонну корма соответственно, обеспечивает нормальное внутриутробное развитие плодов, здоровье и сохранность поросят-сосунов, повышая количество жизнеспособных поросят в помете на 7,2 и 10,3 % и крупноплодность на 11,4 и 3,6 %, а также улучшает на 9,3 и 10,3 % (Р<0,05) молочность свиноматок. Назначение пробиотических препаратов А2 и Иммунофлор поросятам в течение 21 дня из расчета соответственно 0,25 кг и 0,005 кг на 1 тонну корма способствовало снижению заболеваемости. В период выращивания в группах заболеваемость составила 60,0; 20,0; и 10,0 % соответственно. Выздоровление у поросят опытных групп наступало раньше на 1,4 и 4,0 суток, чем в контроле. К завершению периода выращивания живая масса поросят опытных групп оказалась выше на 11,5 и 13,8 кг, нежели в контроле. Заключение. Назначение супоросным свиноматкам и новорожденным поросятам пробиотических препаратов А2 и Иммунофлор предупреждает заболеваемость и способствует реализации репродуктивного и продуктивного потенциала организма. Problem and purpose. The purpose of the work is to realize the reproductive qualities of sows and the productivity of piglets by activating the nonspecifc resistance of the body with probiotic preparations. Methodology. To carry out research work, 3 groups of pregnant sows and newborn piglets of the large white breed were formed, 10 animals in each group. Probiotic preparations А2 (the frst experimental group) and Immunofor (the second experimental group) were used to stimulate the bioresource potential of the animals. Results. The 2-fold administration of probiotic preparations А2 and Immunofor for pregnant sows at the beginning of pregnancy and two weeks before childbirth, 0.25 kg and 0.08 kg per 1 ton of feed, respectively, ensures normal intrauterine growth of piglets, their health and preservation, increasing the number of viable piglets in litter by 7,2 and 10.3 % and a size of 11.4 and 3.6 %, and also improving milk productivity of sows by 9.3 and 10.3 % (P < 0.05). Administration of probiotic drugs А2 and Immunofor to piglets for 21 days at a rate of 0.25 kg and 0.005 kg per 1 ton of feed, respectively, contributed to a reduction in morbidity. During the growth period the incidence in the groups was 60.0, 20.0 and 10.0 %, respectively. Piglets’ recovery in experimental groups occurred earlier by 1.4 and 4.0 days than in the control. By the end of the growth period, the living weight of the piglets of the experimental groups was 11.5 and 13.8 kg higher than in the control. Conclusion. Prescribing probiotic preparations to pregnant sows and newborn piglets А2 and Immunofor prevents morbidity and contributes to the realization of the reproductive and productive potential of the body.

scholarly journals Productive and biological features of breeding Irish pigs of various genotypes in Western Siberia

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00123
Author(s):  
Svetlana Burtseva ◽  
Lyubov Khripunova ◽  
Alexander Yashkin ◽  
Lyudmila Pautova ◽  
Sergey Chebakov
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fatty Tissue ◽  
Large White ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Breed Selection ◽  
Selection Of

The present work studies the productive and biological characteristics of breeding Irish pigs of different genotypes in the conditions of Western Siberia. Pure-bred selection of Large White pigs (WP) was used in the first control group and intra-breed selection of Landrace pigs (LP) was used in the second control group. The following patterns of interbreeding were used in the experimental groups: ♀WP × ♂LP (third group), ♀LP × ♂WP (fourth group). In terms of reproductive qualities, the best combination should be considered the selection of ♀WP × ♂LP, in which 8.1% (p <0.05) more piglets were obtained at 30 days, with a 10.0% (p <0.05) higher weight of the nest at 30 days and 3.6% (p <0.05) greater safety than in the first control group. The combination of breeds according to the ♀LP × ♂WP scheme contributed to an increase in the average daily 13.7% (p <0.05) gain in live weight of the resulting offspring. At the age of 4 months, piglets of the LP × WP genotype had a 10.9% (p <0.05) higher content of total protein in the blood serum than in animals of the Large White breed. The muscle tissue of Large White pigs was characterized by a 5.2% (p <0.05) higher moisture binding capacity in relation to Landrace pigs. The melting point of fatty tissue was lower in Large White pigs by 14.3% (p <0.05). The fatty tissue of LP × WP hybrids has a 10.0% higher melting point (p <0.05) in contrast to Large White pigs.

scholarly journals Physiological state and productivity of young pigs for probiotic action

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (92) ◽  
pp. 68-72
Author(s):  
V. V. Voronyak ◽  
K. Y. Leskiv ◽  
V. O. Huberuk
Keyword(s):  
Physiological State ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Large White ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
White Breed ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group

Due to the impact of adverse environmental factors, unsatisfactory conditions of pig population, deterioration of food supply, abuse of antibiotics, lack of preventive measures, leads to the development of diseases among pigs, especially young, which leads to a decrease in resistance, body performance, reproduction and reduction of livestock, as well as large economic losses. The use of bacterial preparations from living microorganisms can significantly reduce or even eliminate the use of antibiotics and hormones in the cultivation of healthy animals, to obtain high-quality and safe high-grade products. The aim of the work is to study the effect of probiotic EM – 1 on the physiological state and productivity of young pigs of large white breed. The experiment was conducted on two groups (6 heads each) of animals-analogues, starting from 60 days of age, for 2 months. Animals of the control group received feed produced in the farm. Piglets of the experimental group in addition to the main diet received 5% of feed fermented with em-1. Evaluation of the physiological state and productivity of young pigs was carried out on 60, 90 and 120 days of experience according to the methods adopted in clinical practice. Hygienic, hematological, biochemical, zootechnical and statistical methods of research were used in the performance of the work. The use of probiotic EM-1 in animals of the experimental group led to an increase in hemoglobine concentration by 7.7%, an increase in the number of red blood cells by 13.7%, the total number of leukocytes by 9.52%, and glucose concentration by 11.4%. The advantage of the viability of these pigs for the content of total protein (P < 0.05), γ–globulins by 18.6%, the activity of aminotransferases (AlАT, AsAT; P < 0.05), the average daily gain increased by 12.3% at the end of the experiment. For feeding piglets feed with probiotic EM-1 increased metabolic processes, resistance and productivity of the body, which indicates a higher level of redox reactions in their body.

scholarly journals The effect of instructing critical thinking through debate on the EFL learners’ reading comprehension

2015 ◽  
pp. 21-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Danaye Tous ◽  
Abdorreza Tahriri ◽  
Sara Haghighi
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of instruction through debate on the male and female EFL learners’ reading comprehension, and to examine the difference between male and female EFL learners’ perception towards instructing critical thinking (CT) through debate. 88 learners, out of 120, were selected through convenience sampling method. Using a quantitative research method with experimental pre-and post-tests design, this study consisted of 44 participants in the experimental group and 44 participants in the control group. The experimental group received some treatment in the form of “the Meeting-House Debate” strategy, while the control group received no such treatment. After one month and a half treatment of experimental group, both groups participated in the post-test. Data analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics procedures. Findings showed that the debate strategy had statistically significant effect on the students’ reading comprehension. Also, results revealed that there was no significant difference between male and female EFL learners’ perception towards instructing CT through debate. It was concluded that instructing CT skills through debate strategy resulted in better understanding of reading texts.

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