scholarly journals Chronic constipation in pediatric practice: what do we know? Anything new?

2019 ◽  
pp. 16-26
Author(s):  
R. A. Fayzullina ◽  
S. V. Belmer
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Constipation ◽  
Functional Constipation ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Adherence To Diet ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
The Relationship

Constipation among children is an extremely widespread state. They arise at any age and may pose major challenges, disrupting the child’s health with the risk of complications, regressing the quality of life of both the child and his family members. Having arisen once, constipation among children can recur, require repeated and prolonged treatment. For children, functional constipation is the most common. According to international recommendations, it is not necessary to resort to complicated methods for its diagnosis, wherein the treatment and prevention of constipation in children requires a fairly strict adherence to diet, motor activity and drug therapy. The evidence base on the use of certain foods for constipation is expanding. The relationship between constipation and intestinal microbiota disturbance was revealed, providing a theoretical basis for the microbial treatment of chronic constipation. Among the wide variety of laxatives traditionally prescribed for constipation in children’s practice, safe and effective use is proven with the use of polyethylene glycol (macrogol) and lactulose.

Correction of functional constipation in patients with limited mobility after stroke

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 53-55
Author(s):  
M. S. Turchina ◽  
M. V. Bukreeva ◽  
L. Yu. Korolyova ◽  
Zh. E. Annenkova ◽  
L. G. Polyakov
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Chronic Constipation ◽  
Functional Constipation ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Medical Rehabilitation ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Limited Mobility ◽  
Complete Restoration ◽  
The World

Currently, the problem of early rehabilitation of stroke patients is important, since in terms of the prevalence of cerebrovascular diseases and disability after suffering a stroke, Russia is one of the first places in the world. The complex of medical rehabilitation of such patients should provide for the early and most complete restoration of all body functions, patient education for lost skills, re-socialization of the patient and improvement of the quality of life. One of the factors contributing to a significant reduction in the quality of life after a stroke is the development of chronic constipation. The article reflects the modern methods of correction of chronic constipation in patients with limited mobility.

Therapeutic Affordances of Social Media and Associated Quality of Life Outcomes in Young Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 089443932110329
Author(s):  
Paul Dodemaide ◽  
Mark Merolli ◽  
Nicole Hill ◽  
Lynette Joubert
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Perceived Quality Of Life ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
The Relationship

There is a growing body of literature exploring the general population’s use of social media for assistance in dealing with stigmatized health issues. This study presents novel research examining the relationship between social media use and young adults. It utilizes a therapeutic affordance (TA) framework. Quantitative results from this study are complemented by qualitative data. The relationships between distinct social media and their TA (a–b) are presented to highlight their potential to impact positively on social and emotional well-being outcomes. Evidence includes broad support for “connection,” “narration,” and “collaboration” TAs in this context and the relationship between the use of distinct social media and perceived quality of life (QOL) outcomes (a–c). TA provides an appropriate and valuable theoretical framework which is useful for the development of an evidence-base from the analysis of young adult’s social media usage. An analysis of the association between social media and their QOL outcomes is presented according to the TA relationship pathway (a–c–b). The adoption of a TA framework enables a nuanced analysis of significant associations between specific social media, TA, and improved QOL outcomes. This study demonstrates the significant association between social media and perceived QOL outcomes in young adults.

scholarly journals Evidence base for a housing warrant of fitness

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 205031211984302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy Telfar-Barnard ◽  
Julie Bennett ◽  
Andrew Robinson ◽  
Albert Hailes ◽  
Jenny Ombler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Winter Mortality ◽  
Major Public Health Issue ◽  
Basic Minimum ◽  
Existing Housing ◽  
The Relationship

Substandard housing is a major public health issue in New Zealand. Approximately, two-thirds of the housing stock is uninsulated and many homes are inadequately heated, with an average indoor temperature of 14.5°C. Cold, damp, and mouldy housing results in poor health; each year, respiratory hospital admissions are 74% higher during winter, and excess winter mortality is 20% higher than other seasons. The relationship between injury and housing conditions is also well established. Each year, 500,000 New Zealanders suffer falls requiring medical treatment in their homes. As a step towards improving the quality of existing housing, an evidence-based warrant of fitness has been developed. This article outlines the evidence base to each criterion in the warrant of fitness. We conclude that introducing and properly enforcing a housing warrant of fitness will ensure that basic minimum standards are met, which could mitigate the disease burdens and injuries associated with, or caused, by poorer quality housing. In addition, there are potential fiscal and economic advantages of the scheme, including reduced hospitalisations and increased productivity.

scholarly journals Resources based factors of competitiveness of agricultural enterprises

Management ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 368-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Matyja
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Managerial Competencies ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Know How ◽  
Intangible Resources ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Profitability Ratios

Summary Among many different definitions of competitiveness it is difficult to pinpoint the most appropriate one. In the paper it was defined as the ability to be profitable by effective use of available resources. The profitability ratios (ROS, ROA, ROE and value index) were proposed as measures of competitiveness and resources were indicated as one of the group of factors that has an impact on it. Precisely, the purpose of the paper was to examine the relationship between selected resourced based factors and competitiveness of agricultural enterprises. The study was done with the use of correlation analysis on the basis of statistical data on selected Polish companies operating in agriculture. The main finding was that the analyzed resources (the level of labour, size and quality of agricultural land and size of assets) were weakly correlated with competitiveness. This observation means that other factors have stronger impact on agricultural company’s competitiveness. They can refer to intangible resources (such as relational capital, know-how, managerial competencies, technological resources etc.) and external conditions (such as climate, legal issues) of agricultural enterprises.

scholarly journals ELIMINATION MEASURES AND SKIN CARE AS IMPORTANT STAGES IN PREVENTION OF EXACERBATIONS OF ATOPIC DERMATITIS IN CHILDREN

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
P I Gushchin ◽  
D G Chuvirov
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Skin Condition ◽  
Permeability Barrier ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Epidermal Permeability Barrier ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Sick Children ◽  
Effective Use

According to recent data, the pathogenetically significant condition for the onset of atopic dermatitis is increasing epidermal permeability barrier and, therefore, a primary step in the treatment and prevention of atopic dermatitis should be control over the skin condition. Effective use of modern methods of prevention of exacerbations helps to reduce the frequency of relapses, lengthen the periods of remissions and, in general, improve the quality of life of sick children.

scholarly journals Unpacking the Relationship between Parenting and Poverty: Theory, Evidence and Policy

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent La Placa ◽  
Judy Corlyon
Keyword(s):  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Parental Stress ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Child Outcomes ◽  
Child Poverty ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Current Evidence Base ◽  
The Relationship

Policy discourses around child poverty and its causes and effects on families emerged in the 1990s, culminating in the Coalition government's emphasis on the quality of couple relations in improving child outcomes and in reducing child poverty. This article reviews and updates the current evidence base around the relationship between parenting and poverty. Evidence suggests an intricate relationship between complex and mediating processes of, for instance, income, parental stress, disrupted parenting practices and neighbourhoods and environments, as opposed to a simplistic causal relationship between poverty, parenting and child outcomes. The article then proceeds to suggest responses to enhance the evidence and research. Lastly, it considers the implications for child poverty policy, arguing that current responses are too simplistic and do not sufficiently reflect the evidence base.

scholarly journals Analysis of the relationship between the level of corruption, economic growth and the quality of life of the population (on the example of individual countries of the world)

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-187
Author(s):  
I. E. Digel ◽  
Zh. G. Imangali ◽  
E. I. Borisova
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Statistical Research ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship

The difficulty of conducting an empirical assessment of the true extent of corruption, caused by the lack of the necessary data, has contributed to the emergence of a new round of research focusing on the study of the influence of various factors on corruption. At the same time, such studies are distinguished by a variety of approaches to the choice of indicators and objects of study, as well as by the difference, and sometimes contradictory conclusions. These circumstances actualize the research topic. The purpose of the article to determine the relationship between corruption, economic growth and the quality of life of the population in five countries of the world, representing different parts of the world and geo-economics regions. The hypothesis of the study is the assertion that for developed countries the correlation between perceptions of corruption and indicators will be lower than for developing countries. The objects of research are Kazakhstan, Russia, Germany, USA and Finland. The subject of the research the relationship between the level of corruption, economic growth and the quality of life of the population. The study uses statistical research methods. The initial data of the study were the reports of Transparency International on the Corruption Perceptions Index, UNDP on the Human Development Index, as well as official data from the state statistical services of the countries in question.In the course of the work, the boundaries of the interpretation of the term “corruption” were determined, the relevance of the study of the relationship between corruption, GDP per capita and the quality of life was briefly described, and a correlation analysis was carried out between the indicators. The results of the study represent conclusions about the quality and strength of the relationship between corruption, economic growth and the quality of life of the population. The scientific contribution of the research is to substantiate possible directions for improving research to establish the relationship between corruption and other socio-economic indicators. The practical significance of the study lies in the presentation of the evidence base for the fact that the relationship of the studied indicators may be different in different countries. The direction for future research is the possibility of using the assessment methodology for other groups of countries.

scholarly journals Application of the innovative methods of mathematical modeling in the development of standards for providing the ambulatory link by doctors in Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
N. E. Guryanova ◽  
M. A. Ivanova ◽  
L. A. Soprun
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
Specialized Care ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Relationship

The work presents data on the relationship between the regional incidence of gastrointestinal tract diseases and the number of medical personnel in various regions of the Russian Federation. Indicators for all federal districts for 2013-2017 have been studied. Mathematical models describing this relationship have been proposed. It has been shown that regional morbidity correlates with the number of medical personnel, as well as with attendance at treatment and prevention institutions. The average number of gastroenterologists from 1.3 to 1.5 per 100,000 inhabitants of the region is optimal for the timely detection of gastroenterology diseases. The data obtained can be used in management decisions to optimize the burden on the healthcare system in each region. The introduction of the standards into clinical practice under the established procedure will help to improve the quality of specialized care for patients with gastroenterological problems.

scholarly journals Fructose Intolerance: Cause or Cure of Chronic Functional Constipation

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 2333794X1876146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehek Mehta ◽  
Mirza Beg
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Chronic Constipation ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Functional Constipation ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Fructose Intolerance ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Functional constipation is a common occurrence in the pediatric population. The link between fructose ingestion and constipation is obscure due to a lack of published data. In this article, we discuss the relationship of fructose tolerance and the development of constipation via a literature review and our single-center experience. A literature review of constipation and fructose ingestion was performed using PubMed. A retrospective chart review from the pediatric gastroenterology clinic, January 2012 to December 2015, was completed, with attention to the relationship of fructose intolerance and its clinical presentations. There were 367 patients who underwent the fructose breath hydrogen test (FBHT), out of which 208 patients had fructose intolerance. Clinical presentations included chronic abdominal pain, chronic diarrhea, chronic constipation, emesis, and nausea. Statistical significance was reached for chronic constipation, emesis, and nausea, being less likely to be found in FBHT-positive patients. Thus, fructose intolerance may help resolve symptoms in patients with chronic functional constipation.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Vegetable Intake and Weight Outcomes: A Systematic Review of Cohort Studies

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Nour ◽  
Sarah Lutze ◽  
Amanda Grech ◽  
Margaret Allman-Farinelli
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
The Body ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Assessment Development ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between vegetable consumption and measures of adiposity was assessed in cohort studies. Seven databases were searched from inception until October 2018. The quality of individual studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal of Cohort Studies tool. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system was applied to determine the quality of the body of evidence. Ten studies were included. Six measured change in vegetable intake over time. Two showed that increasing vegetable consumption resulted in weight loss of 0.09–0.1 kg over four years (p < 0.001). Increased vegetable intake was also associated with a reduced risk of weight gain and overweight or obesity (Odds ratios (ORs) ranged from 0.18 to 0.88) in other studies. Four studies measured vegetable intake at the baseline only. One showed that intakes >4 servings/day reduced the risk of weight gain (OR 0.27 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.08–0.99) and another found an inverse association with waist circumference in women (−0.36 cm per vegetable serving/day). This review provides moderate quality evidence for an inverse association between vegetable intake and weight-related outcomes in adults. When these findings are coupled with no apparent harm from vegetable consumption, the evidence-base can be used with acceptable confidence to guide practice and policy.

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