A comparative analysis of the Slovenian particles še and že against the background of the Russian language

2020 ◽  
pp. 324-345
Author(s):  
Mariya L. Kuleshоva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Time Axis ◽  
Temporal Modifiers ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Negative Form

The article compares the Slovenian particles še and že mainly with the Russian particles еще and уже. Unlike the Russian particle уже, the Slovenian particle že cannot be combined with the negative form of the verb: instead of it, the adverb več is used in such contexts. The most subtle differences between the Slovenian and Russian languages are found in the combinations of še and že with temporal modifiers, where the so-called “plot time” is characteristic of the Slovenian language. The event is interpreted as localized on the time axis, not from the perspective of the «speaker’s time», which is manifested in the possibility of using že in such contexts as umrl je že v devetnajstem stoletju (he died in the nineteenth century already). Moreover, že is not able to express the meaning ‘no earlier / no later than’, because the particle šele replaces it in this function. The author comes to the conclusion that Slovenian particles are more widely used as modal than their Russian equivalents. The particle še has numerous intensifying functions, correlating with the functions of Russian particles даже, еще и, и. The particle že can be used in the same way as two Russian words уже and уж. In contrast to уж, že does not always express displeasure and can add the meaning of a concession to the statement.

scholarly journals Taking into account Chinese students’ cognitive and psychological characteristics while teaching Russian grammar

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 283-288
Author(s):  
Yu Sun
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Chinese Students ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Oral Speech ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Specific Learning

This paper aims to discuss the problem of nationally oriented teaching of Russian grammar to Chinese students. The author analyzes the works that are devoted to the study of Chinese students cognitive and psychological characteristics. The analysis revealed specific learning strategies that Chinese students use when learning a foreign language. When training a mono-ethnic group, the national-oriented approach is considered optimal. To implement this approach, a comparative analysis of systems of contacting languages is necessary to determine the zones of interlanguage and intralanguage interferences. The most important factor in the effectiveness of the educational process is the adequacy of the teachers ideas about students from different regions. The author concludes that in order to maintain motivation for mastering the Russian language and optimize the learning process as a whole when developing curricula and class books for Chinese students, it is necessary to strive to make the learning process not only effective, but also as comfortable as possible for students. Taking into account Chinese students cognitive and psychological characteristics will not only contribute to the development of strong grammar skills, but will also ensure the development of oral speech skills in Russian. The paper provides recommendations for intensifying the process of teaching Russian grammar to Chinese students. The following research methods were used: a comparative analysis, an analysis and a synthesis.

scholarly journals RUSSIAN AND SERBIAN PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS: EXPERIENCE OF COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

2016 ◽  
pp. 166-170
Author(s):  
V. Dzonic
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Cultural Characteristics ◽  
Historical Figures ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Geographical Position ◽  
Cultural Component ◽  
The Given ◽  
Semantic Aspect ◽  
The Russian Language

This paper is devoted to identification of specific characteristics of Russian and Serbian phraseological units. The author considers the phraseological units from structural and semantic aspect and pays special attention to the national and cultural component of the studied units, which cause the greatest difficulties for foreigners. Identification of the given component is carried out by linguocultural analysis of components of phraseologicaly related word combinations. The material of research was comprised based on data from lexicographical dictionaries of Russian and Serbian languages. The phraseological units – toponyms are reviewed as a separate group and are, in the author’s opinion, bearers of rich linguoculturological information. The author identifies three main sources of imagery of these units: characteristics of the geographical position of the object; important historical and cultural events, as well as prominent historical figures, which brought fame to the region; lifestyle and crafts of local residents. The analysis allowed the author to identify specific national and cultural characteristics of a number of Russian and Serbian toponyms. This work is of an applied nature. Results of the study can be used in the teaching the Russian language as second Slavic language.

scholarly journals Certain aspects of translation of special texts as a semantic whole (on the example of translation of the Russian-language political text)

Litera ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 227-233
Author(s):  
Tatyana Maikova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Topic Model ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Original Text ◽  
Specific Language ◽  
Sentence Level ◽  
Translation Techniques ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Formal Business

This article on the example of specific language material analyzes the difficulties causes by the need to translate the text as a semantic whole, as well as outline the methods to avoid them. The texts is viewed from two perspectives – as a coherent fragment of speech, and as a speech of particular style. The author carries out comparative analysis of the forms of expression inherent to the texts of scientific and formal business styles in the Russian and English languages; highlights the elements relevant for translation; and classifies them based on nature of their correlation. The article also considers the problems of achieving coherence in translation of the text. The conclusion is made on the need for additional translation transformations substantiated not so much by discrepancies in the structure of two languages, but as by belonging of the original text to a particular speech style. The author lays emphasis on coherence and stylistic uniqueness as the elements relevant for translation of the text as a semantic whole. Such transformations as translation conversion, inter-level transformations, and omission are proposed for translating deverbal nouns in scientific and formal business texts. In the aspect of achieving coherence in translation, the author determines such problems as sentence-level topic model and preservation of co-reference. The article can be valuable for translators and in teaching translation techniques.

scholarly journals Pre-university training of foreign students

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
В.В. Жолудева
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Foreign Students ◽  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Poor Knowledge ◽  
Mathematical Vocabulary ◽  
The University ◽  
University Training ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
State Agricultural Academy

Рассмотрены вопросы довузовской подготовки иностранных студентов на примере обучения в Ярославской государственной сельскохозяйственной академии. Проведён сравнительный анализ уровней математической подготовки в национальных африканских школах, школах (вузах) Ближнего Востока и в российских школах. Автором на основе опыта преподавания выявлен ряд проблем у иностранных граждан, приехавших в Россию для обучения на подготовительном отделении вуза: слабое владение русским языком в целом, и математическим русским языком в частности; незнание математической лексики и терминологии; различие в уровнях базовой математической подготовки у обучающихся из разных стран; адаптационные трудности. В то же время проведённый опрос иностранных слушателей позволяет сделать вывод, что изучение математики вызывает у них меньше трудностей, чем изучение других специальных предметов (физика, химия, биология). Анализ уровня математической подготовки у иностранных студентов, обучающихся на подготовительном отделении академии, показал, что он достаточно высокий, выше среднего. The questions of pre-university training of foreign students on the example of training at the Yaroslavl State Agricultural Academy have been considered. A comparative analysis of the levels of mathematical training in national African schools, schools (universities) of the Middle East and Russian schools has been carried out. Based on the teaching experience the author revealed a number of problems for foreign residents come to Russia to study at the preparatory department of the university: poor knowledge of the Russian language in general and the mathematical Russian language in particular, lack of knowledge of mathematical vocabulary and terminology, differences in the levels of basic mathematical training among students from different countries, adaptation difficulties. At the same time a survey of foreign students allows us to conclude that the study of mathematics causes them less difficulty than the study of other special subjects (physics, chemistry, biology). An analysis of the level of mathematical training of foreign students studying at the preparatory department of the academy showed that it was quite high above average.

scholarly journals Religious Beliefs Reflected in Creative Word-formation Patterns of Russian Dialects

2020 ◽  
pp. 84-91
Author(s):  
С.Ю. Дубровина
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Lexical Analysis ◽  
Componential Analysis ◽  
Structural Types ◽  
The Russian Language

В современных русских говорах, несмотря на воздействие на них норм литературного языка, межкультурную контактность и деформацию в результате воздействия средств массовой информации, постепенное исчезновение диалектов в условиях цивилизации медиа, сохраняется лексическое ядро, в котором особое место занимает лексика нравственно-религиозной сферы. Наличие этого лексического пласта выделяет русский язык среди других в отношении аксиологической акцентированности земного и небесного. В настоящей статье обобщены наблюдения автора, касающиеся состава, семантики, сложения лексических гнезд, составляющих макрополе народного православия, формальной стороны словопроизводства единиц соответствующей лексики на общерусском фоне с привлечением материала, собранного автором статьи в Тамбовской области. Выделены разновидности структурных типов номинаций, определены особенности и приоритеты словообразовательной креативности. Для достижения целей исследования применялись методы сопоставительного, лексического, словообразовательного, компонентного анализа. Despite the influence exerted on them by the literary norms of the Russian language, despite the intercultural contacts promoted by mass media, and despite gradual annihilation of dialects provoked by media-propelled civilization, modern Russian dialects preserve their pivotal lexemes which are mostly related to the sphere of morality and religion. This lexical stratum, the axiological significance of the celestial and the earthly realms, distinguishes the Russian language from other languages. The present article summarizes the author’s ideas related to word formation, to the composition and semantics of lexical clusters of the macrofield of public orthodoxy. The analysis involves the material collected by the author in the Tambov Region. It singles out structural types of nominations, defines the peculiarities and priorities of creative word-formation. To achieve the aim of the research, the author employs such methods as comparative analysis, lexical analysis, word-formation analysis, and componential analysis.

scholarly journals On the Process of Borrowing: A Comparative Analysis of the Use of ‘Monitoring’ in Russian and Polish

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (30) ◽  
pp. 218-226
Author(s):  
Kazimierz Luciński
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Material Objects ◽  
Continuous Observation ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Russian Language

This paper focuses on the word monitoring (RU: мониторинг, PL: monitoring), borrowed into both Russian and Polish from English and widely used today. In the author’s opinion, this word reflects one of the key notions of modern reality, that of applying technical means to enable the observation of both material objects and social processes along with their subjects. The meaning of the word мониторинг in the Russian language is not equivalent to the meanings of words com­monly considered its synonyms (e.g., observation, control, forecast, and evaluation). Unlike these other Russian words, мониторинг implies an idea of active influence on the running processes and, in this sense, points to a new notion in Russian culture. Thus, it cannot be concluded that the use of this loanword has superseded native Russian words. The author concentrates on several differences related to this word in the compared languages. In the Polish language, the word monitoring means “a continuous observation and control of processes,” and is used in discourses that advertise security and bodyguard services, whereas in the Russian langu­age, this word is more frequently used in discourses related to the observation of social processes and is connected to the idea of metaphorical tracking.  

scholarly journals Verbalization of basic emotions on the material of the national corpus of the russian language: comparative analysis of the verbalization of emotions fear and horror

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
Elena Nikolaevna Goots ◽  
Elena Dmitrievna Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Basic Emotions ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
National Corpus ◽  
Modern Russian

Modern linguistics is characterized by anthropocentrism, in the center of its research attention are questions about a person based on his integrity and exclusivity. This article is devoted to the study of the verbalization of such basic emotions as fear and horror. The subject of the research is the features of the basic emotions of fear and horror in the modern Russian language. The work was carried out on the basis of the material of the National Corpus of the Russian Language. The purpose of the work is to identify and define the features of the verbalization of emotions fear and horror in the modern Russian language. The relevance of the study is due to the inevitable dependence of every sphere of a person's life on his emotional state. Despite the extensive study of emotions by psychology, psycholinguistics, linguistics, a number of questions remain in this problem. The materials of the Russian National Corpus provide great opportunities for studying the verbalization of the emotions of a native speaker of the Russian language in various genres and styles, which allows reaching a new level of research. The peculiarity of the study of emotions is found in the variety of linguistic means of their expression, which include the appropriate vocabulary, phraseological constructions and a certain compatibility. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that the comparative analysis of the verbalization of the basic emotions of fear and horror is carried out on the basis of the material of the National Corpus of the Russian language. In the course of the work, the following methods were used: descriptive, involving the analysis of both theoretical and empirical material, generalization and interpretation of the results obtained; component analysis; introspection method; comparative and comparative and statistical methods. The practical significance of the study is due to the fact that its materials and conclusions can be used in university courses in lexicology, lexicography, psycholinguistics.

The Russian Language Textbooks and Children’s Literature: Are There any Points of Contact?

2018 ◽  
Vol 79 (8) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
N. A. Borisenko
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Children's Literature ◽  
Children’S Literature ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Language Textbooks ◽  
5Th Grade ◽  
The Russian Language

The article examines textbooks on the Russian language for the middle school in terms of the presence of texts from children’s and teenage literature. The results of a comparative analysis of six textbooks for 5th grade (edited by Shanskii, M.M. Razumovskaya, S.I. Lvova, L.M. Rybchenkova, A.D. Shmelev, G.G. Granik) are presented. The author also reveals the possibilities of textbooks in introducing teenagers to reading children’s literature of the 20th and 21st centuries.

The formation of the verbal morphogenesis norms and their usage in the regional business written variant of the Russian language in the XVII–XVIII centuries

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
Tatiana Yu. Ignatovich ◽  
◽  
Yulia V. Biktimirova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Business Writing ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Morphological Processes ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
New System

The аrticle is devoted to identification of features of verbal shaping in the language of the Transbaikal monuments of the business writing of the 17–18th centuries and to consideration of its alternativeness in aspect of formation of grammatical norms in synchronic opposition of the Russian of the center and the periphery and diachronic opposition of the Transbaikal speech usage of the 17–18th centuries and the modern period. It is established that in the majority of the Transbaikal business documents the happened transition to the new system of verbal forms of an infinitive, time in an indicative mood is noted. In general features of the use of new and archaic verbal forms are caused by a complex of factors, in particular a document genre, banality of his structural components, the nature of the stated events, reflection of the dialect phenomena from the Transbaikal colloquial usage of that time is less often shown. The comparative analysis of verbal forms of of regional business written ususes of the 17–18th centuries revealed in verb formation and use in the business monuments of Nerchinsk, Transbaikalia normalizators trends, General trends emerging written business language in the centre and a number of Russian regions. The processes of unification follow the General Russian trend towards unification in the system of verbal formation. The results of this research supplement and expand scientific information on language morphological processes in the formed standard business language in the center and regional options.

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