Does Affect Influence Coping Styles among People from North India During the Pandemic? Implications for Psychological Well-Being

Does affect influence coping styles among people from North India during the COVID pandemic? This study investigates how affective state influences the coping styles of people from North India and to examine its impact on psychological well-being. Coping styles, PA, negative affect, and psychological well-being of the sample (n=220; 105 males (46%) and 115 females (53.5%)) (Mean Age= 30.75) (SD= 15.36 years) were analysed during the pandemic. Coping styles were assessed using the Coping Scale (Hamby, Grych, & Banyard, 2013), psychological well-being was assessed using the Ryff Scale of Psychological Well-Being (Ryff and Keyes, 1995) and affect was evaluated using The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) (Watson, Clark, & Tellengen, 1988). The findings revealed that coping was positively related to psychological well-being but negatively related to Negative Affect (NA). Positive Affect (PA) was positively related to psychological well-being but negatively related to coping. Additionally, significant differences were seen in the PA and negative affect of males and females. Implications of psychological well-being are further discussed.

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Affect and psychological well-being in spouses of cancer patients: the mediating role of meaning in life and self-efficacy

Family Forum ◽

10.25167/ff/3806 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

pp. 267-286

Author(s):

Dariusz Krok

Keyword(s):

Negative Affect ◽

Positive Affect ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Meaning In Life ◽

Well Being ◽

Personal Resources ◽

Positive And Negative Affect ◽

Psychological Well Being

The examination of the psychological functioning of cancer patients’ spouses implies that affect and personal resources play an important role in their psychological well-being. This is a consequence of the severe stress caused by the medical conditions of a spouse and of responsibilities related to caregiving. This study aimed to examine the role of affect and purpose-oriented personal resources (meaning in life and self-efficacy) in shaping psychological well-being in the spouses of cancer patients. The participants were 214 spouses of gastrointestinal patients who were either undergoing medical treatment in hospital units or attending scheduled clinic appointments at outpatient medical clinics. The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS-X), Psychological Well-Being Scale (PWB), Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ), and General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) were used. The results indicated that positive affect was positively correlated with meaning in life, self-efficacy, and psychological well-being. In contrast, negative affect was negatively correlated with positive affect, meaning in life, self-efficacy, and psychological well-being. The mediation analyses demonstrated that meaning in life and self-efficacy were mediators between positive and negative affect and psychological well-being. The mediating function of meaning in life and self-efficacy revealed the significant role of personal resources based on purpose and self-motivation in the relationship between affect and psychological well-being. Positive and negative affect can influence motivational processes that enable patients and their families to constructively deal with challenging and illness-related situations. Caregivers and medical staff could take into account the important role of purpose-oriented resources as they affect the functioning of both patients and their families.

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Loving Others: The Impact of Compassionate Love on Later-Life Psychological Well-Being

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1554 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 480-481

Author(s):

Eva Kahana ◽

Tirth Bhatta ◽

Boaz Kahana ◽

Nirmala Lekhak

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Negative Affect ◽

Positive Affect ◽

Emotional Support ◽

Later Life ◽

Well Being ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Compassionate Love ◽

The Impact

Abstract Existing scholarship in social gerontology has surprisingly paid little attention to broader loving emotions, such as compassionate and altruistic love, as potentially meaningful mechanisms for improving later life psychological well-being. This study examined the influence of feeling love toward other persons and experiencing love from others on later life psychological well-being. We conducted a 3-wave longitudinal study of a representative sample of 340 ethnically heterogeneous community dwelling older residents of Miami, Florida. The increase in feeling of being loved (β=-1.53, p<0.001) and love for others (β=-1.43, p<0.001) led to decline in odds of reporting greater level of depressive symptoms over time. The odds of reporting higher level of positive affect were significantly greater for older adults who reported feeling loved by others (β=1.16, p<0.001) and expressed love for other people (β=1.18, p<0.01). Older adults who felt loved had 0.92-point lower ordered log odds of reporting higher negative affect than those who reported lower level of love. The impact of compassionate love on depressive symptoms and negative affect remained statistically significant even after adjustment for altruistic attitudes and emotional support. The influence of loving emotions on positive affect was, however, explained by altruistic attitudes and emotional support. Our findings underscore the powerful influence of both receiving and giving love for the maintenance of later life psychological well-being. We offer support for the expectation that love is a significant force in the lives of older adults that transcends intimate relationships.

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Neuroticism, alexithymia, negative affect and positive affect as predictors of medically unexplained symptoms in primary care

Acta Neuropsychiatrica ◽

10.1034/j.1601-5215.2002.140404.x ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 181-185 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

V. De Gucht

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Negative Affect ◽

Positive Affect ◽

Personality Traits ◽

Affective State ◽

Medically Unexplained Symptoms ◽

Positive And Negative Affect ◽

Medically Unexplained ◽

Unexplained Symptoms

Background:Somatization has been defined in a number of ways. Despite their differences, these definitions have one element in common, namely the presence of somatic symptoms that cannot be explained (adequately) by organic findings.Objective:The primary objectives of the dissertation were to gain a better insight into the concept of somatization, and to study (prospectively) the relationship between neuroticism and alexithymia, two personality traits that have been shown to be related to somatization, the affective state dimensions positive and negative affect (or psychological distress) and medically unexplained symptoms.Method:A selective review was conducted regarding conceptual and methodological issues related to somatization. A total number of 318 patients, presenting to their primary care physician with medically unexplained symptoms, participated in the prospective study. Both at baseline and at 6-month follow-up a number of measures were filled out with respect to somatization, neuroticism, alexithymia, negative and positive affect, anxiety and depression.Results:The concept of somatization was clarified, thereby making use of the distinction between presenting and functional somatization. The personality traits neuroticism and alexithymia were found to have an indirect influence on symptom reports. Both the cross-sectional and follow-up data pointed to the importance of positive and negative affect as determinants of (changes in) number of symptoms (over time). Negative affect, together with the alexithymia dimension measuring difficulty identifying feelings, predicted symptom persistence.Conclusions:The theoretical as well as therapeutic implications of the present paper may give an impetus to new research in the domain of somatization.

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Questions of Time and Affect: A person’s affectivity profile, time perspective, and well-being

10.7287/peerj.preprints.1630v1 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Danilo Garcia ◽

Uta Sailer ◽

Ali Al Nima ◽

Trevor Archer

Keyword(s):

Negative Affect ◽

Positive Affect ◽

Time Perspective ◽

Structural Equation Models ◽

Well Being ◽

Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽

Short Version ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

The Past ◽

Balanced Time Perspective

Background: A “balanced” time perspective has been suggested to have a positive influence on well-being: a sentimental and positive view of the past (high Past Positive), a less pessimistic attitude toward the past (low Past Negative), the desire of experiencing pleasure with slight concern for future consequences (high Present Hedonistic), a less fatalistic and hopeless view of the future (low Present Fatalistic), and the ability to find reward in achieving specific long-term goals (high Future). We used the affective profiles model (i.e., combinations of individuals’ experience of high/low positive/negative affectivity) to investigate differences between individuals in time perspective dimensions and to investigate if the influence of time perspective dimensions on well-being was moderated by the individual’s type of profile. Method: Participants (N = 720) answered to the Positive Affect Negative Affect Schedule, the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory and two measures of well-being: the Temporal Satisfaction With Life Scale and the Scales of Psychological Well-Being-short version. A Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) was conducted to identify differences in time perspective dimensions and well-being among affective profiles. Four Structural Equation Models (SEM) were used to investigate which time perspective dimensions predicted well-being for each profile. Results: Comparisons between individuals at the extreme of the affective profiles model suggested that individuals with a self-fulfilling profile (high positive/low negative affect) were characterized by a “balanced” time perspective and higher well-being compared to individuals with a self-destructive profile (low positive/high negative affect). However, a different pattern emerged when individuals who differed in one affect dimension but matched in the other were compared to each other. For instance, decreases in the past negative time perspective dimension lead to high positive affect when negative affect is high (i.e., self-destructive vs. high affective) but to low negative affect when positive affect was high (i.e., high affective vs. self-fulfilling). The moderation analyses showed, for example, that for individuals with a self-destructive profile, psychological well-being was significantly predicted by the past negative, present fatalistic and future time perspectives. Among individuals with a high affective or a self-fulfilling profile, psychological well-being was significantly predicted by the present fatalistic dimension. Conclusions: The interactions found here go beyond the postulation of a “balanced” time perspective being the only way of promoting well-being. Instead, it presents a more person-centered approach to achieve higher levels of emotional, cognitive, and psychological well-being.

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Disentangling dynamic affect trajectories for distinct depression courses during the COVID-19 pandemic

10.31234/osf.io/hv4cb ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Gabriela Lunansky ◽

Ria H. A. Hoekstra ◽

Tessa Blanken

Keyword(s):

Negative Affect ◽

Positive Affect ◽

Network Models ◽

Well Being ◽

Positive And Negative Affect ◽

Single Measurement ◽

Daily Lives ◽

Boston College ◽

Measurement Moment ◽

Affect States

Background. Why does adversity lead to mental health complaints in some, but not others? Individual differences in the development of depressive complaints are related to the regulation of affect states. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a prolonged period of perturbations to the daily lives of people across the globe, providing an unparalleled opportunity to investigate how fluctuations in positive and negative affect relate to the evolution of mood complaints.Methods. 228 participants from the Boston College daily sleep and well-being survey completed at least 20 assessments of positive and negative affect and depression complaints between March 20th 2020 and June 26th 2020. We explored affect trajectories throughout this period and estimated longitudinal multilevel network models. Furthermore, we investigated how individual network structures relate to changes in depression severity over time.Results. On average, positive affect was reported somewhat higher than negative affect. However, when separating affect trajectories based on the individuals’ depressive complaints, we identified that individuals consistently experiencing depressive complaints report higher levels of negative affect compared with positive affect. Contrary, individuals consistently reporting no depressive complaints show opposite results. Furthermore, we found many and strong associations in the multilevel network between the distinct affect states and depressive complaints. Lastly, we established that the higher the connectivity of an individual’s network, the larger their change in depressive complaints is.Conclusions. We conclude that affect fluctuations are directly related to the development of depressive complaints, both within- and across individuals, and both within a single measurement moment and over time.

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Group Game-Based Physical Activity Effects on Positive and Negative Affect of Male Adolescent Prisoners

Jurnal RAP (Riset Aktual Psikologi Universitas Negeri Padang) ◽

10.24036/rapun.v12i1.112204 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 57

Author(s):

Free Dirga Dwatra

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Negative Affect ◽

Positive Affect ◽

Justice System ◽

Juvenile Justice System ◽

Well Being ◽

Positive And Negative Affect ◽

Mental Well Being ◽

Male Prisoners ◽

Problem Drug

This report arises from a larger study that aims to investigate the mental health of adolescent prisoners. The Indonesian juvenile justice system locks up more than half of young offenders (Pratiwi & Faridah, 2019). Questions have been rise about the mental well-being of the adolescent. This study, with a sample of 28 male prisoners age between 14 to 18 years old, explored the effects of physical activity using group-based games on mental heath of adolescent prisoners. These participants showed many behavioral and emotional problems before entering and during their time in prison, such as: family problem, drug abuse,problems with peers and officers. The participants had three sessions of game activities in one week. The pretest-posttest design was used to collect the data. This experimental study measured with positive affect and negative affect scale (PANAS) by Watson, Clark, and Carey (1988). Results show that group games-based physical activity can increase positive affect M= 4.750 (Sig = 0.001) from pretest to posttest, and decrease negative affect M= 2.968 (Sig = 0.003) from pretest to posttest. This study aims to show that that group games-based physical activity can make their lives inside the prison would be meaningful.

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The COVID-19-Related Lockdown in Qatar: Associations Among Demographics, Social Distancing, Mood Changes, and Quality of Life

International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction ◽

10.1007/s11469-021-00536-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ahmed M. Megreya ◽

Robert D. Latzman ◽

Aisha M. Al-Ahmadi ◽

Nasser F. Al-Dosari

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Mental Health ◽

Negative Affect ◽

Positive Affect ◽

Well Being ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Social Distancing ◽

Mood Changes

AbstractThe worldwide spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), the absence of medical treatment and vaccination, the delayed onset of symptoms, and the rapid human-to-human transmission have led the vast majority of countries to impose strict social distancing procedures. Whereas it appears that social distancing is an effective strategy for mitigating spread, it may also result in a variety of unintended negative consequences to individuals’ psychological well-being and mental health. During the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic, the present study examined associations among some demographic variables (gender, age, marital and working statuses, and having a family member or a friend infected with COVID-19), acceptance of social distancing, mood changes, and quality of life (QoL) in Qatar, a high-income Middle Eastern Arabic-speaking country. Older, married, and working participants were more accepting of social distancing than younger, unmarried, and non-working participants, respectively. Participants indicated that, during this time, they became more distressed, upset, scared, irritable, nervous, and afraid, and less inspired and determined. In a stark contrast, more individuals indicated that they became more interested, alert, and attentive, whereas higher percentages of participants reported feeling less guilty, hostile, and ashamed. Social distancing correlated positively with negative affect, whereas social avoidances correlated positively with positive affect and with physical, psychological, social, and environmental QoL. Finally, positive affect correlated positively, and negative affect correlated negatively, with these four domains of QoL. These results highlight the need for public health and clinical providers to consider peoples’ psychological well-being and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Influence of Gratitude and Materialism on Two Different Conceptualizations of Subjective Well-being

Universitas Psychologica ◽

10.11144/javeriana.upsy18-3.igmt ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Rogelio Puente-Díaz ◽

Judith Cavazos-Arroyo

Keyword(s):

Life Satisfaction ◽

Negative Affect ◽

Positive Affect ◽

Well Being ◽

Negative Influence ◽

Positive Influence ◽

Positive And Negative Affect ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Independent Components ◽

First Order

The present investigation examined the influence of materialism and gratitude on subjective well-being under two different conceptualizations of this construct: subjective well-being as a construct with three independent components and subjective well-being as a second other factor with three first order factors. 386 participants from Mexico completed a battery of questionnaires measuring gratitude, materialism, positive and negative affect and life satisfaction. Results showed a negative influence of materialism on positive affect, life satisfaction and overall sense of subjective well-being and a positive influence on negative affect. Gratitude had a positive influence on positive affect, life satisfaction and overall sense of subjective well-being. Results also showed that gratitude did not influence negative affect directly, but indirectly through its influence on overall sense of subjective well-being. The implications of our findings were discussed.

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Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Big Five Personality on Subjective and Psychological Well-Being

10.31234/osf.io/rbucq ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jeromy Anglim ◽

Sharon Horwood

Keyword(s):

Negative Affect ◽

Positive Affect ◽

Big Five ◽

Personal Growth ◽

Well Being ◽

Big Five Personality ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Environmental Mastery ◽

Second Wave

The current study assessed the effect of the COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic on subjective well-being (SWB) and psychological well-being (PWB) and whether the pandemic moderated the effect of personality on well-being. Measures of Big Five personality, SWB (life satisfaction, positive affect, negative affect) and PWB (positive relations, autonomy, environmental mastery, personal growth, purpose in life, self-acceptance) were obtained from a sample (n = 1470) of young adults in Melbourne, Australia (13 July to 11 August, 2020) during a second wave of viral transmission and lockdown, and an identically recruited Pre-COVID sample (n = 547). Well-being was lower in the COVID sample and differences were largest for positive affect (d = -0.41) and negative affect (d = 0.64). While the effect of personality on well-being was robust, the effect of personality on well-being was slightly reduced and the effect of extraversion on positive affect was particularly attenuated during the pandemic.

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Positive and negative affect during the COVID-19 pandemic quarantine in Portugal

Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management ◽

10.1108/jstpm-07-2020-0111 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Eulalia Santos ◽

Vanessa Ratten ◽

Ana Diogo ◽

Fernando Tavares

Keyword(s):

Negative Affect ◽

Positive Affect ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Well Being ◽

Future Research ◽

Positive And Negative Affect ◽

Emotional States ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Content Type ◽

Two Factors

Purpose The COVID-19 pandemic has spread rapidly around the world and Portugal is no exception. Positive and negative effects are extremely important in individual's life experiences and in particular in the context of the quarantine, in which it is important to maintain the balance between favorable and unfavorable situations. The purpose of this paper is to study in depth the intensity of the affect during the COVID-19 pandemic in Portugal and to validate a scale of positive and negative affect in the context of quarantine and confinement. Design/methodology/approach The methodology used is of a quantitative nature, based on a questionnaire survey to measure the intensity of the affects and to analyze some sociodemographic variables. The sample consists of 726 individuals of age 18 years or older, who were in Portugal during the quarantine of the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings The results show that respondents were concerned, anxious, well-disposed and impatient. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis applied to affects produced a latent structure with two factors: negative affect and positive affect. The affect scale has adequate convergent and discriminant validity and good internal consistency, with negative affect being experienced by individuals with greater intensity compared to positive affect. Originality/value It is hoped that this study contributes to an increase in the scientific knowledge in the field of the affects in the context of delicate situations such as the pandemic COVID-19 so that health professionals can intervene to improve individual’s well-being. This is an important way to provide better health policy that considers in more depth individual wellbeing and emotions during times of crisis. Limitations and suggestions for future research are also stated that highlight the importance of understanding emotional states of individuals during crisis events.

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