scholarly journals Predicting Mother and Child Emotional Availability in Singaporean Bilingual English and Mandarin Dyads: A Multilevel Approach to the Specificity Principle

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca Esposito ◽  
Bindiya Lakshmi Raghunath ◽  
Atiqah Azhari ◽  
Setoh Peipei ◽  
Marc H. Bornstein

When interacting with one another, bilingual caregivers and their young bilingual children can switch from one language to another to convey emotion and information in meaningful ways. The Specificity Principle (Bornstein, 2017) states that specific setting conditions affect specific outcomes in specific ways in specific individuals at specific times. Here we tested three constituents of the Specificity Principle: We evaluated how the language used in interaction (setting condition) differentially affects different dimensions of emotional availability (outcomes) in mothers and children (individuals). Twenty-six Singaporean English-Mandarin bilingual mother-child dyads (Mother M age = 33 years; Child M age = 19 months) participated in two counterbalanced play sessions, one exclusively in English and one exclusively in Mandarin. Using recursive-partitioning analyses, we assessed (i) how child language dominance, dimensions of maternal emotional availability, and mother-child physiological synchrony accounted for dimensions of child emotional availability and (ii) how child language dominance, child emotional availability, and mother-child physiological synchrony accounted for overall maternal emotional availability. In agreement with predictions from the Specificity Principle, our results show that different predictors of different dimensions of child and mother emotional availability differ according to whether the mother interacted with her child in the child’s dominant or non- dominant language. The findings suggest that language specificity influences the quality of mother-child interactions. Limitations and future research directions are discussed.

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Beltrán ◽  
Mireya S. García-Vázquez ◽  
Jenny Benois-Pineau ◽  
Luis Miguel Gutierrez-Robledo ◽  
Jean-François Dartigues

An opportune early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) would help to overcome symptoms and improve the quality of life for AD patients. Research studies have identified early manifestations of AD that occur years before the diagnosis. For instance, eye movements of people with AD in different tasks differ from eye movements of control subjects. In this review, we present a summary and evolution of research approaches that use eye tracking technology and computational analysis to measure and compare eye movements under different tasks and experiments. Furthermore, this review is targeted to the feasibility of pioneer work on developing computational tools and techniques to analyze eye movements under naturalistic scenarios. We describe the progress in technology that can enhance the analysis of eye movements everywhere while subjects perform their daily activities and give future research directions to develop tools to support early AD diagnosis through analysis of eye movements.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-112
Author(s):  
Wu Aixia ◽  
Zhou Ying ◽  
Tommy Tanu Wijaya

With the deepening of China's educational reform, the evaluation of teaching quality has become an important aspect of teaching reform.And the evaluation of students'learning quality is an important part of teaching evaluation. Research on it will help to improve the teaching quality of our country and promote the overall improvement of students' morality, intelligence, physical fitness and beauty.Therefore, this study takes 108 literatures related to the study of learning quality evaluation in China as the research object, uses content analysis method, carries out statistical analysis on the annual number of literatures, Journal distribution, author status, paper influence, research content, etc., analyzes the current situation and existing problems of the study of learning quality evaluation in China, and puts forward the need for further deepening.On the basis of these questions, possible future research directions are proposed.


Author(s):  
Cathie Marache-Francisco ◽  
Eric Brangier

Through this chapter, the authors aim at describing Gamification—the use of game elements in non-ludic environments—to identify its limits and lacks as well as its assets. Indeed, it has been developed to answer a need that arouses out of the Human Computer Interaction (HCI) field evolutions, and it could be valuable in that scope. The authors propose a definition of Gamification according to several different dimensions that are part of the HCI design field. They suggest it as a first step towards a guiding design framework aimed at designers. They mention future research directions that would help in going further and enriching the framework, leading to the creation of a design model for user experience design through Gamification. The authors finally raise some ethical concerns about the meaning of Gamification itself.


2016 ◽  
pp. 889-907
Author(s):  
Sandul Yasobant

Health promotion and the maintenance of the quality of life are realized recently. Advancement in technologies offer new possibilities for both the promotion of positive health behaviors that were unimaginable even a decade ago. Though promoting physical activity has been proven an important component of health promotion by many researchers, still a lot of efforts on how to improve physical activity being provided by group of researchers. Technology such as pedometers, accelerometers, and heart rate monitors have been used to promote physical activity for years. Newer technologies such as global positioning system (GPS), geographic information systems (GIS), interactive video games, and persuasive technology, Internet-based physical activity interventions have been used recently to promote and change exercise behavior. This chapter seeks to provide a complete insight of technologies used to changing health behaviors especially physical health promotion and will take a forward to analyses all the issues while using these technologies and future research directions.


Author(s):  
Jennifer J. Neakrase ◽  
H. Prentice Baptiste ◽  
Ashley N. Ryan ◽  
Elsa Q. Villa

One of the goals of science education is to ensure that the discipline of science is accessible to all individuals. By many organizations this has been termed “Science for All,” and those who promote this idea also advocate the connection to science literacy. Teaching science in the online environment has been one way to offer science content to many different individuals, who do not necessarily need to be in the same location. Discourse in the science classroom is framed under situated cognition theory, whereby interactions between individuals are part of the normal culture of the classroom. For science knowledge to be adequately constructed by a student these interactions must be meaningful ones. This is especially important in an online science course where typically learning occurs through interactions between the students and the instructor, the students with one another, and within the individual themselves. As part of these online interactions, good reflective practice includes the different forms of feedback and the quality of this feedback. However, even with quality reflective interactions, there are barriers to science concept construction in an online environment. These barriers are discussed, and future research directions are suggested based on this review.


Friction ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuniaki Dohda ◽  
Masahito Yamamoto ◽  
Chengliang Hu ◽  
Laurent Dubar ◽  
Kornel F. Ehmann

AbstractGalling phenomena in metal forming not only affect the quality of the engineered surfaces but also the success or failure of the manufacturing operation itself. This paper reviews the different galling conditions in sheet and bulk metal forming processes along with their evolution and the effects of temperature on galling. A group of anti-galling methods employed to prevent galling defects are also presented in detail. The techniques for quantitatively measuring galling are introduced, and the related prediction models, including friction, wear, and galling growth models, are presented to better understand the underlying phenomena. Galling phenomena in other processes similar to those occurring in metal forming are also examined to suggest different ways of further studying galling in metal forming. Finally, future research directions for the study of galling in metal forming are suggested.


2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilip Birdja ◽  
Elif Özcan

In this paper, the sleep phenomenon is considered in relation to critical care soundscapes with the intention to inform hospital management, medical device producers and policy makers regarding the complexity of the issue and possible modes of design interventions. We propose a comprehensive strategy based on soundscape design approach that facilitates a systematic way of tackling the auditory quality of critical care settings in favor of better patient sleep experience. Future research directions are presented to tackle the knowledge deficits in designing for critical care soundscapes that cater for patient sleep. The need for scientifically-informed design interventions for improving patient sleep experience in critical care is highlighted. The value of the soundscape design approach for resolving other sound-induced problems in critical care and how the approach allows for patient-centred innovation that is beyond the immediate sound issue are further discussed.


Author(s):  
Miri Scharf

Relatively little research has examined the grandparent–adult grandchild relationship, although these relationships might play a more significant role than in the past, possibly impacting grandchildren’s development and the adjustment of both parties. This chapter reviews different theoretical perspectives related to this bond and presents the special flavor of this bond during emerging adulthood resulting from the different developmental trajectories of grandparents and grandchildren that mutually influence one another. Empirical findings demonstrating large variation both within and between families regarding frequency of contact and quality of the relations are presented, as well as various contextual and demographic variables that might mediate and moderate these variations. Finally, the importance of studying this bond, future research directions, and possible implications are discussed.


Author(s):  
Don W. Morgan

Chapter 21 presents and synthesizes research findings related to various aspects of locomotor economy during the childhood and adolescent years. Because the majority of research has been conducted on walking and running, the material presented in this chapter will focus exclusively on these modes of gait. It concludes by proposing future research directions to guide sport scientists, coaches, and clinicians in their quest to understand the factors responsible for efficient locomotion in children, improve the athletic performance of youngsters, and enhance the functional mobility and quality of life of physically challenged youth.


Electronics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hind Bangui ◽  
Said Rakrak ◽  
Said Raghay ◽  
Barbora Buhnova

Cloud computing has significantly enhanced the growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) by ensuring and supporting the Quality of Service (QoS) of IoT applications. However, cloud services are still far from IoT devices. Notably, the transmission of IoT data experiences network issues, such as high latency. In this case, the cloud platforms cannot satisfy the IoT applications that require real-time response. Yet, the location of cloud services is one of the challenges encountered in the evolution of the IoT paradigm. Recently, edge cloud computing has been proposed to bring cloud services closer to the IoT end-users, becoming a promising paradigm whose pitfalls and challenges are not yet well understood. This paper aims at presenting the leading-edge computing concerning the movement of services from centralized cloud platforms to decentralized platforms, and examines the issues and challenges introduced by these highly distributed environments, to support engineers and researchers who might benefit from this transition.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document