scholarly journals Adapting a Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale for rural India: a pilot, amenable to scale up.

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasturi Haldar
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Child Anxiety ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Population Level ◽  
National Language ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Field Workers

*Abstract. *Education is an important cornerstone of economic developmentin India. Mental health critically impacts education but its comprehensiveassessment at a population level, especially in children in rural areaspresents significant challenges. Mental health problems areunder-recognized in the community and the clinic. Assessment by clinicalpractitioners requires specialized expertise which (for both logistical andcost reasons) are not amenable to scale-up. Diversity in languages,cultures and variation in levels of literacy further compounds the problem.Consequently, despite universal recognition that mental health isimportant, tools to measure its overall prevalence at scale are limited.Here we report adaptation of a robust, internationally validated, mentalhealth assessment scale, the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale(RCADS) into Hindi, the national language, spoken by the largest number ofIndians. First RCADS in Urdu1 was translated to Hindi (since spoken Urdu isclose to Hindi). In addition, iterative steps of field adaptation andtraining enabled conversion from self-report to a questionnaire-survey(qaRCADS-H) to facilitate inclusion of illiterate respondents and improvethe overall accuracy and acceptance of the tool. Pratham EducationalFoundation-ASER Center field workers administered qaRCADS-H as a homeinterview/survey in a largely agrarian village where in 2011 the Censusreported 35% illiteracy2. Over a period of three weeks, fourcollege-educated field workers with prior survey experience, targeted 115households with children of which 110 agreed, resulting in participation of130 children 10-17 years of age. Our findings are discussed in context ofscaling and sensitization needed to effectively assess mental healthprevalence in a vulnerable group in large regions of India.

Anxiety Depression and Burden among the Caregivers of Persons with Neurological Illness

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Anil Kumar Roy ◽  
Nilesh Maruti Gujar ◽  
Arif Ali ◽  
Utpal Borah
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Hospital Anxiety ◽  
Care Burden ◽  
Neurological Illness ◽  
Rehabilitation Sciences ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Background: Studies have shown that caregivers of the persons with the neurological illness have high levels of psychological distress, depression and caregiver’s burden. The aim of the study was to find out anxiety, depression and caregiver’s burden among the caregivers of persons with neurological illness (PWNI). Method: Thirty caregivers of PWNI attending the Centre of Rehabilitation Sciences, LGB Regional Institute of Mental Health, Tezpur, Assam were selected using purposive sampling technique for the present study. Socio-demographic and clinical data sheet, Zarit Burden Interview Scale and The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were used. Results: The results shown that in Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, 26.6% of the caregivers' scores were in the abnormal range in the domain of depression. While in the domain of anxiety, 16.6% scored in the abnormal range. In Zarit Burden of Scale, 13.3% of the caregivers were having little or no burden, 26.6% of the caregivers were having mild to moderate level of burden, 20% were having moderate to severe burden and 30% were having a severe burden of care. Care burden has significant positive correlation with depression (r= .124, p≤ 0.01 and anxiety (r= .124, p≤ 0.05). Conclusion: Caregivers of PWNI have been found to be at higher risk of mental health problems and care burden. The importance of addressing the burden of caregivers involved in the care of PWNI need to be taken into consideration while providing treatment and rehabilitation of PWNI.     Keywords: Anxiety, depression, burden, neurological illness

scholarly journals Who should we ask about mental health symptoms in adolescents with CFS/ME? Parent-child agreement on the revised children’s anxiety and depression scale

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 367-380
Author(s):  
Teona Serafimova ◽  
Maria Loades ◽  
Daisy Gaunt ◽  
Esther Crawley
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Mental Health Symptoms ◽  
Child Report ◽  
Health Symptoms ◽  
Children’S Anxiety ◽  
Parent Child

Background: One in three adolescents with chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) have mental health problems. Multi-informant perspectives are key to psychological assessment. Understanding parent-child agreement is crucial to accurate diagnosis, particularly where severe fatigue limits self-report. Methods: Agreement on the revised children’s anxiety and depression scale (RCADs) was assessed between parents and children with CFS/ME ( n = 93) using Bland-Altman plots, cross tabulations and regression analyses. Results: Diagnostic thresholds were met more frequently based on child-report. Parent- and child-report had similar sensitivity and specificity on RCADS compared to gold-standard diagnostic interviews. Regression analysis found similar accuracy between both reports. For anxiety diagnoses, odds ratio (OR) for child-report was 1.10 (CI = 1.06–1.14), and 1.10 (CI = 1.05–1.14) for parent-report. For depression, OR for child report was 1.26 (CI = 1.11–1.43), while for parent-report is was 1.25 (CI = 1.10–1.41). For total score, OR for child-report was 1.10 (CI = 1.05–1.13) while OR for parent-report was 1.09 (CI = 1.05–1.13). Conclusions: Reasonable agreement was observed between parent- and child-report of mental health symptoms in paediatric CFS/ME. While parent-report can facilitate psychological evaluation in CFS/ME, this is not a substitute for a child’s own report.

The Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale: A Psychometric Investigation with Australian Youth

2002 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raelene L. de Ross ◽  
Eleonora Gullone ◽  
Bruce F. Chorpita
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Child Anxiety ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Separation Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Normative Study ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

AbstractThe Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS) is a 47-item self-report measure intended to assess children's symptoms corresponding to selected DSM-IV anxiety and major depressive disorders. The scale comprises six subscales (e.g., Separation Anxiety Disorder; Social Phobia; Obsessive Compulsive Disorder; Panic Disorder; Generalised Anxiety Disorder; and Major Depressive Disorder). To date, only one normative study of youth has been published with results providing strong initial support for the reliability and validity of this new measure (Chorpita, Yim, Moffitt, Umemoto, & Francis, 2000). The present investigation provides additional psychometric data derived from an Australian sample comprising 405 youth aged 8 to 18 years. In general, the data were found to be consistent with those reported in the initial normative study. Internal consistency for the overall scale and its subscales was found to be adequate. Good convergent validity was demonstrated through moderate to strong correlations between the subscales of the RCADS with scores on the Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS) and the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI). Confirmatory factor analysis suggested reasonable fit for the six-factor model by Chorpita et al. (2000). Notwithstanding the need for additional validation, it is concluded that the RCADS is a promising instrument for use in both clinical and research settings.

scholarly journals The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire Predicts Concurrent Mental Health Difficulties in a Transdiagnostic Sample of Struggling Learners

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Bryant ◽  
Jacalyn Guy ◽  
Joni Holmes ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Strengths And Difficulties Questionnaire ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Developmental Problems ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Mental Health Difficulties ◽  
Strengths And Difficulties

Children and adolescents with developmental problems are at increased risk of experiencing mental health problems. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) is widely used as a screener for detecting mental health difficulties in these populations, but its use thus far has been restricted to groups of children with diagnosed disorders (e.g., ADHD). Transdiagnostic approaches, which focus on symptoms and soften or remove the boundaries between traditional categorical disorders, are increasingly adopted in research and practice. The aim of this study was to assess the potential of the SDQ to detect concurrent mental health problems in a transdiagnostic sample of children. The sample were referred by health and educational professionals for difficulties related to learning (N = 389). Some had one diagnosis, others had multiple, but many had no diagnoses. Parent-rated SDQ scores were significantly positively correlated with parent ratings of mental health difficulties on the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS). Ratings on the SDQ Emotion subscale significantly predicted the likelihood of having concurrent clinical anxiety and depression scores. Ratings on the Hyperactivity subscale predicted concurrent anxiety levels. These findings suggest the SDQ could be a valuable screening tool for identifying existing mental health difficulties in children recognized as struggling, as it can be in typically developing children and those with specific diagnoses.

scholarly journals Are dietary patterns differently associated with differentiated levels of mental health problems? Results from a large cross-sectional study among Iranian manufacturing employees

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e020083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Heidari ◽  
Awat Feizi ◽  
Hamidreza Roohafza ◽  
Katayoun Rabiei ◽  
Nizal Sarrafzadegan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Workplace Health Promotion ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

ObjectivesThe present study aimed to classify participants based on mental health problems profile and to evaluate its relationship with dietary patterns among Iranian manufacturing employees.DesignObservational study with a cross-sectional design.SettingThis study was conducted in Esfahan Steel Company, one of the biggest Iranian industrial manufacturing companies.ParticipantsComplete data on 2942 manufacturing employees, with a mean (SD) age of 36.68 (7.31) years, were analysed.Outcome measuresHospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADA) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) were used to evaluate anxiety and depression and psychological distress, respectively.ResultsThree major dietary patterns, namely ‘western’, ‘healthy’ and ‘traditional’, were extracted using factor analysis. A two-class, one-factor structure was identified from study participants in terms of mental health problems profile based on the factor mixture model. Two identified classes were labelled as ‘low mental health problems’ (2683 manufacturing employees, 91.2%) and ‘high mental health problems’ (259 individuals, 8.8%). After adjusting for the impact of potential confounders, manufacturing employees in the highest tertile of healthy dietary pattern had lower odds of being in the high mental health problems profile class (OR=0.67, 95% CI 0.49 to 0.92). In contrast, greater adherence to Western and traditional dietary patterns was associated with increased odds of being in the high mental health problems class (OR=1.66, 95% CI: 1.18 to 2.35 and OR=1.52, 95% CI :1.10 to 2.11, respectively).ConclusionsOur study provided informative pathways on the association of dietary patterns and mental health among manufacturing employees. The findings can be used by workplace health promotion policymakers in improving mental health in such study population. Interventional and prospective studies that investigate the effects of change in dietary patterns on the mental health of manufacturing employees are suggested.

Retrospective and concurrent self-report of behavioral inhibition and their relation to adult mental health

1992 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Steven Reznick ◽  
Irene M. Hegeman ◽  
Emily R. Kaufman ◽  
Scott W. Woods ◽  
Marlene Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
The State ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Unique Variance ◽  
Adult Mental Health

AbstractFour studies are reported in which an interview or questionnaire is used to measure the relation between behavioral inhibition, defined as consistent restraint in response to unfamiliar social or nonsocial stimuli, and adult mental health. In Study 1, undergraduates were tested using a retrospective self-report questionnaire. Those who reported more behaviors suggesting childhood inhibition also reported more mental health problems. Study 2 was an attempt to establish the postdictive validity of the measurement of childhood inhibition. College students and their parents completed the questionnaire independently and were in extremely strong agreement regarding the student's inhibited behaviors as a child. In Study 3, self-reported contemporary behaviors suggesting inhibition correlated with the retrospective self-report of inhibition. Both measures correlated with the State Anxiety Subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and both accounted for unique variance in anxiety, but only contemporary inhibition accounted for unique variance in depression. In Study 4, adults who had been treated for panic disorder or depression were interviewed and reported more behaviors indicative of inhibition during childhood than did control subjects. These four studies support the usefulness of retrospective self-report as a measure of childhood inhibition and are compatible with the hypothesis that a tendency toward inhibited behavior in childhood or adulthood may be a risk factor for mental health problems.

Structure, Reliability, Measurement Stability, and Construct Validity of the Polish Version of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale

Assessment ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 1492-1503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilona Skoczeń ◽  
Radosław Rogoza ◽  
Marta Rogoza ◽  
Chad Ebesutani ◽  
Bruce Chorpita
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Child Anxiety ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Polish Version

The Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS) is a self-report questionnaire that aims to assess symptoms of anxiety and depressive disorders in children. Two studies were conducted to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Polish version of the RCADS. Study 1 was conducted to analyze the structural validity and reliability of the RCADS scores and Study 2 assessed the longitudinal measurement of stability over time. Data were collected from a community sample of 501 children and adolescents aged 8 to 14 years in Poland. The original 47-item version of the Polish RCADS was compared with two shortened versions: 30- and 20-item versions. Overall results revealed support for the structural and construct validity, reliability, and stability of the Polish version of the RCADS.

scholarly journals Confirmatory factor analysis and psychometric properties of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale−30 (RCADS-30) in clinical and non-clinical samples

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Antonio Piqueras ◽  
David Pineda ◽  
María Martin-Vivar ◽  
Bonifacio Sandín
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Child Anxiety ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Separation Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

Abstract: The 30-item shortened version of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS-30) is a self-report instrument to assess symptoms of anxiety and depressive disorders. This study examined the factor structure, reliability, and construct validity of the RCADS-30, based on a sample of children and adolescents in clinical and community settings. Results provide evidence for (a) the six factors of the scale (separation anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, social phobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and major depressive disorder), (b) reliability (alpha and omega), and (c) convergent and discriminant validity against self-report and clinical interview criteria. The RCADS-30 demonstrated sound psychometric properties and that it is a suitable instrument to assess depression and anxiety disorder symptoms. Based on established cut-off scores, the scale also showed adequate capacity to differentiate emotional disorders from other mental disorders or the absence of diagnosis.Resumen: Análisis factorial confirmatorio y propiedades psicométricas de la Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS-30) en muestras clínicas y no clínicas. La versión abreviada de 30 ítems de la Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS-30) es un instrumento de autoinforme para evaluar síntomas de los trastornos de ansiedad y depresivos. Este estudio examinó la estructura factorial, la fiabilidad y la validez de constructo de la RCADS-30 en una muestra de niños y adolescentes procedentes de muestras clínicas y comunitarias. Los resultados aportan evidencia sobre (a) los seis factores de la escala (trastorno de ansiedad de separación, trastorno de ansiedad generalizada, trastorno de pánico, fobia social, trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo, y trastorno depresivo mayor), (b) fiabilidad (alfa y omega), y (c) validez convergente y discriminante sobre autoinformes y entrevista clínica. La RCADS-30 demostró poseer buenas propiedades psicométricas y ser adecuada para evaluar los síntomas de los trastornos de ansiedad y depresivos. Sobre la base de puntos de corte establecidos, la escala mostró adecuada capacidad para diferenciar los trastornos emocionales de otros problemas mentales o la ausencia de diagnóstico. 

scholarly journals Anxiety, depression, and quality of life among HIV positive injection drug users in Ukraine, 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (07.1) ◽  
pp. 111S-117S
Author(s):  
Marta Vasylyev ◽  
Hayk Davtyan ◽  
Olga Denisiuk ◽  
Joshua Chadwick Jayaraj ◽  
Tetyana Koval ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Hiv Care ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Hiv Positive

Introduction: People who inject drugs (PWID) are one of the key populations most vulnerable to HIV infection, with 28 times higher prevalence compared to the rest of the population. PWID are known to have many physical, psychological and lifestyle challenges that can influence access to care. Depression is common among PWID living with HIV. It has major effect on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and is influencing adherence to antiretroviral therapy. This study was conducted to explore how anxiety and depression affect HRQoL among HIV-positive PWID in Ukraine. It will provide knowledge for the further policy development. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study using data from interviewer- administrated questionnaires was performed. The questionnaire was based on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. The questionnaire on HRQoL was based on the SF-36. Results: Among the 90 HIV positive PWID 74% (67) and 61% (55) had anxiety and depression scores higher than 7 respectively, indicating that most patients had mental health problems. Average scores for general health (40), role limitations due to physical (44) and emotional health (34), vitality (41) and mental health (45) had mean scores less than 50 along with total physical (43) and mental health scores (35). Having an HIV positive partner or partner with unknown HIV status increases anxiety in HIV positive PWID. Conclusion: There are increased depressive and anxiety symptoms and poorer QoL among HIV-positive PWID in Ukraine. Strategies focusing on psychosocial support addressing QoL as part of HIV care could improve health outcomes for these comorbid and debilitating conditions.

scholarly journals Development and evaluation of the Parenting to Reduce Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (PaRCADS): assessment of parental concordance with guidelines for the prevention of child anxiety and depression

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Hua Sim ◽  
Anthony F. Jorm ◽  
Katherine A. Lawrence ◽  
Marie B.H. Yap
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Child Anxiety ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Background Involving parents in the prevention of mental health problems in children is prudent given their fundamental role in supporting their child’s development. However, few measures encapsulate the range of risk and protective factors for child anxiety and depression that parents can potentially modify. The Parenting to Reduce Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (PaRCADS) was developed as a criterion-referenced measure to assess parenting against a set of evidence-based parenting guidelines for the prevention of child anxiety and depressive disorders. Methods In Study 1, 355 parents of children 8–11 years old across Australia completed the PaRCADS and measures of parenting, general family functioning, child anxiety and depressive symptoms, and parent and child health-related quality of life. Their children completed measures of parenting, anxiety and depressive symptoms, and health-related quality of life. In Study 2, six subject-experts independently evaluated the PaRCADS items for item-objective congruence and item-relevance. Item analysis was conducted by examining item-total point-biserial correlation, difficulty index, B-index, and expert-rated content validity indices. Reliability (or dependability) was assessed by agreement coefficients for single administration. Construct validity was examined by correlational analyses with other measures. Results Four items were removed to yield a 79-item, 10-subscale PaRCADS. Reliability estimates for the subscale and total score range from .74 to .94. Convergent validity was indicated by moderate to strong correlations with other parenting and family functioning measures, and discriminant validity was supported by small to moderate correlations with a measure of parents’ health-related quality of life. Higher scores on the PaRCADS were associated with fewer anxiety and depressive symptoms and better health-related quality of life in the child. PaRCADS total score was associated with parental age, parent reported child’s history of mental health diagnosis and child’s current mental health problem. Discussion Results showed that the PaRCADS demonstrates adequate psychometric properties that provide initial support for its use as a measure of parenting risk and protective factors for child anxiety and depression. The scale may be used for intervention and evaluative purposes in preventive programs and research.

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