Cross-cultural validation of an expanded Exercise Addiction Inventory: A preliminary protocol report

Background and aims. In the last thirty years, the continuously increasing number of studies investigating Exercise Addiction (EA) stimulated interest in developing instruments assessing the risk of exercise addiction (REA). One widely used tool is the Exercise Addiction Inventory (EAI) because it is a brief, easy-to-use, time-saving, and psychometrically validated tool. However, its items based on the Components Model of Addiction still lack some reoccurring symptoms associated with exercise addiction. This protocol report outlines the methods of developing and validating an expanded version of the EAI (EAI-3) in a large international sample.Methods. The EAI-3 will be administered to over 5000 regular exercisers in 15 languages through an online survey. The survey will also include questions from the Exercise Dependence Scale-Revised, the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised, the SCOFF questionnaire, and the Ten Item Personality Inventory. We will investigate the factorial structure of the EAI-3 through confirmatory factor analysis. Moreover, we will test EAI-3’s measurement invariance across languages and gender. Finally, we aim to find a standard cutoff point for at-risk exercisers. Expected results. We expect to obtain a good fit of the EAI-3 structure and general measurement invariance. In addition, we expect associations with another EA measure and the other measures of mental health assessed in the study.Discussion and conclusions. We expect that the results will support an assessment tool useful in measuring the REA with greater accuracy and exhibiting reliability across gender and language (culture).

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Longitudinal and Gender Measurement Invariance of the Gratitude Questionnaire in Chinese Adolescents

Psychological Reports ◽

10.1177/00332941211036015 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 003329412110360

Author(s):

Qingsong Tan ◽

Jilin Zou ◽

Feng Kong

Keyword(s):

Measurement Invariance ◽

Time Interval ◽

Longitudinal Measurement Invariance ◽

Multiple Group ◽

Longitudinal Measurement ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Adolescent Sample ◽

Good Internal Consistency ◽

And Gender ◽

Mean Differences

The 5-item Gratitude Questionnaire (GQ-5) is one of the most commonly used instruments to measure dispositional gratitude in adolescents. The purpose of this study was to verify the longitudinal measurement invariance (LMI) and gender measurement invariance (GMI) of the GQ-5 that was administered to an adolescent sample twice over the course of 18 months ( N = 669). Single-group confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was adopted to examine the LMI and multiple-group CFA was conducted to assess the GMI. The results showed that the GQ-5 had strong invariance (i.e., equality of factor patterns, loadings, and intercepts) across time and gender. Validation of latent factor mean differences showed that females had higher gratitude scores than males. In addition, the GQ-5 exhibited good internal consistency indices across time and a moderate stability coefficient was also found across an 18-month time interval in adolescents. In summary, our study showed that LMI and GMI of the GQ-5 are satisfactory and the GQ-5 is a reliable instrument for measuring gratitude in adolescents.

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Model fit and reliability of the Hungarian version of the Revised Exercise Addiction Inventory (EAI-R-HU)

Mentálhigiéné és Pszichoszomatika ◽

10.1556/0406.22.2021.013 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 376-394

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Model Fit ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Internal Reliability ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Convenience Sample ◽

Exercise Addiction ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Exercise Addiction Inventory ◽

Hungarian Version

The Exercise Addiction Inventory (EAI) is a brief validated instrument adopted by many to assess the risk of exercise addiction. Its revised version (the EAI-R) has been recently validated in English with a predominantly male sample. The current work examined the model fit, validity and reliability of the Hungarian version of the EAI-R (EAI-R-HU). This cross-sectional study was conducted online. A convenience sample of regular exercisers (n = 253) completed the EAI-R-HU and answered demographic questions. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed a good model fit for the Hungarian version of the instrument. The internal reliability of the EAI-R-HU was (Cronbach’s α) .71. Considering the top 20% of the EAI-R-HU scores, 5.1% of the sample was at risk of exercise addiction. Team exercisers did not differ from individual exercisers in the risk of exercise addiction. Age and exercise characteristics predicted weakly but statistically significantly the risk of exercise addiction. The EAI-R-HU possesses a good model fit, and its internal reliability is acceptable. These findings complement the original revision of the EAI-R, based on a largely (87.7%) male sample compared to the current research primarily based on female participants (76.7%). While cultural differences might exist, the present results encourage the use of the EAI-R with women too and with Hungarian samples, in general.A Testedzésfüggőség Kérdőív (EAI) egy rövid, validált eszköz, amelyet a testedzésfüggőség kockázatának felmérésére használnak. Az angol nyelvű módosított változatát (EAI-R) nemrégiben egy többségében férfiakból álló mintán validálták. Jelen kutatás a magyar változat (EAI-R-HU) egyfaktoros elméleti struktúrájának illeszkedését, validitását, és a kérdőív belső megbízhatóságát vizsgálta. A hozzáférhetőségi mintavétellel zajló adatgyűjtés online történt. Rendszeresen edző önkéntesek (n = 253) kitöltötték a módosított EAI-t (EAI-R-HU) és megválaszolták a demográfiai kérdéseket. A megerősítő faktoranalízis jó modellillesztést mutatott, a skála belső megbízhatósága (Cronbach-α) pedig 0,71 volt. Az EAI-R-HU pontszámok felső 20%-át figyelembe véve, a jelen minta 5,14%-a volt feltételezhetően a testedzésfüggőség kockázatának kitéve. A csoportban edzők nem különböztek az egyéni edzést végzőktől a testedzésfüggőség kockázatát illetően. Az életkor és a testmozgás egyes jellemzői gyengén, de statisztikailag szignifikánsan prognosztizálták a testedzésfüggőség kockázatát. Az eredmények alapján az EAI-R-HU jó modellalkalmazással rendelkezik és a belső megbízhatósága elfogadható. Ezek a megállapítások kiegészítik az angol EAI-R változatát, amely nagyrészt (87,7%) férfi minta alapján jött létre, szemben a jelen kutatással, amely elsősorban női résztvevőkön alapszik (76,7%). Bár létezhetnek kulturális különbségek, a jelenlegi eredmények ösztönzik az EAI-R alkalmazását a nőknél is és az EAI-R-HU felhasználását magyar kutatásokban.

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The Academic Buoyancy Scale: Measurement Invariance across Culture and Gender in Egyptian and Omani Undergraduates

European Journal of Educational Research ◽

10.12973/eu-jer.10.4.2121 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 2121-2131

Author(s):

Mustafa Ali ◽

Mohammed A.

Keyword(s):

Measurement Invariance ◽

A Priori ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Validity Evidence ◽

Academic Buoyancy ◽

Multiple Group ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Score Reliability ◽

And Gender ◽

Gender Groups

<p style="text-align: justify;">The academic buoyancy scale (ABS) is one of the most widely used instruments for measuring academic buoyancy. To obtain meaningful and valid comparisons across groups using ABS, however, measurement invariance should be ascertained a priori. To that end, we examined its measurement invariance, validity evidence based on relations to other variables, and score reliability using categorical omega across culture and gender among Egyptian and Omani undergraduates. Participants were 345 college students: Egyptian sample (N=191) and Omani sample (N=154). To assess measurement invariance across culture and gender, multiple–group confirmatory factor analysis was performed with four successive invariance models: (a) configural, (b) metric, (c) scalar, and (d) residual. Results revealed that the unidimensional baseline model had adequate fit to the data in the full sample. Moreover, measurement invariance was found to hold across culture but not across gender and consequently the ABS could be used to yield valid cross-cultural comparisons between the Egyptian and Omani students. Conversely, it cannot be used to yield valid inferences related to comparing gender groups within each culture. Validity evidence based on relations to other variables was supported by the significantly moderate correlation between ABS and academic achievement (GPA; r =.435 and r = .457, P < .01) for the Egyptian and Omani samples, respectively. With regard to score reliability, categorical omega coefficients were moderate across both samples. Educational and psychological implications, limitations and suggestions for improving the scale are discussed.</p>

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Construction and Factorial Structure of a Short Version of the Trendsetting Questionnaire (TDS-K)

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759.24.2.88 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 88-94 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Bernad Batinic ◽

Hans-Georg Wolff ◽

Christiane M. Haupt

Keyword(s):

Measurement Invariance ◽

Online Survey ◽

Short Version ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽

Multiple Group ◽

Wide Range ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Partial Invariance ◽

Administration Methods ◽

Broad Interest

This paper reports the development of a short version of the trendsetting questionnaire (TDS; Batinic, Haupt, & Wieselhuber, 2006 ). According to Batinic et al., individuals high on trendsetting keep an eye open for new trends and have a broad interest in innovations. They inform a wide range of others and explain to them the value of innovations, and they recommend specific products to friends and acquaintances. Empirical criteria as well as substantive criteria were used to select nine items representing the three subtypes of the trendsetting model: input, throughput, and output. Dimensionality and measurement invariance of the short version (TDS-K) were examined in two offline surveys (N = 2,001 and 948) and two online surveys (N = 4,450 and 12,087). Multiple group confirmatory factor analyses supported the unidimensionality of the measure and showed that measurement invariance held within each of the administration methods (offline vs. online survey), but only partial invariance held across these methods.

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Factorial Invariance of the German Version of the Marital Offence-Specific Forgiveness Scale (MOFS)

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759/a000429 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 490-497

Author(s):

Julia Haversath ◽

Kathrin M. Gärttner ◽

Sören Kliem ◽

Christoph Kröger

Keyword(s):

Measurement Invariance ◽

Psychological Health ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Factorial Invariance ◽

German Version ◽

Factor Analyses ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽

Men And Women ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Physical And Psychological Health

Abstract. Spousal forgiveness is positively linked to aspects of relationship satisfaction, as well as to the physical and psychological health of both partners. Oftentimes, the respective values for men and women are compared under the untested assumption of measurement invariance of the assessment tool. In order to investigate the factorial invariance (configural, metric, scalar, and residual) of the German version of the Marital Offence-Specific Forgiveness Scale (MOFS; Paleari et al., 2009 ), we conducted several multigroup confirmatory factor analyses. In the context of comparing increasingly stringent models, tests of measurement invariance indicated at least partial measurement invariance. These findings suggest that the MOFS operates in a similar fashion among men and women, thus supporting the assessment of spousal forgiveness with the German MOFS.

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Measurement Invariance of the Modified Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 Across Gender and Racial Groups

Assessment ◽

10.1177/1073191118786576 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 356-364 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Meagan M. Carr ◽

Erica M. Schulte ◽

Karen K. Saules ◽

Ashley N. Gearhardt

Keyword(s):

Measurement Invariance ◽

Food Addiction ◽

Reference Population ◽

Racial Groups ◽

Heterogeneous Samples ◽

Yale Food Addiction Scale ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

And Gender ◽

Gender Groups ◽

Racial Ethnic

Objective: Food addiction reflects a substance use disorder framework, suggesting certain foods (e.g., high-fat, high-sugar foods) may trigger an addictive-like eating response in vulnerable individuals. This study explored whether the Modified Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (mYFAS 2.0), a newly validated and shortened measure of food addiction, is appropriate for use in heterogeneous samples. Assessment of mYFAS 2.0 invariance is essential, as this measure was developed for use as a brief screener in large epidemiological samples that are likely demographically diverse. Method: Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis examined measurement invariance across racial/ethnic (White, Black, and Hispanic) and gender (male, female) groups. Participants were recruited through Qualtrics qBus, which uses demographic quotas to recruit a sample representative of the U.S. census reference population. Individuals were included in analyses if they identified their race/ethnicity as White, Black, or Hispanic ( N = 923). Results: Results supported full and partial measurement invariance across racial and gender groups, respectively. Discussion: Results increase confidence in the generalizability of findings using the mYFAS 2.0 and indicate that observed differences in prevalence rates, such as the higher rates of food addiction observed for women and Hispanic individuals, are likely due to true differences in the population rather than due to measurement bias.

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Clarifying the Placement of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in the Empirical Structure of Psychopathology

10.31219/osf.io/gfxue ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Katherine Faure ◽

Miriam K. Forbes

Keyword(s):

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽

Online Survey ◽

Symptom Clusters ◽

Thought Disorder ◽

Future Research ◽

Analysis Framework ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Compulsive Disorder ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Categorical Classification

Recent work on the empirical structure of psychopathology has aimed to address some limitations that can arise from traditional categorical classification approaches. This research has focused on modeling patterns of co-occurrence among traditional diagnoses, uncovering a variety of well-validated dimensions (or spectra) of psychopathology, spanning common and uncommon mental disorders. A model integrating these empirically derived spectra (the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology; HiTOP) has been proposed. However, the placement of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) within this model remains unclear, as studies have variably found OCD to fit best as part of the Fear, Distress or Thought Disorder spectra. One reason for this may be the heterogeneity of symptoms experienced by individuals with OCD, which is lost when analysing categorical diagnoses. For example, different symptom clusters within OCD—such as washing and contamination versus obsessions and checking—may be differentially associated with different spectra in the HiTOP model. The aim of this study was to test this hypothesis. Data were collected in an anonymous online survey from community participants with high levels of psychopathology (n = 609), and analyzed in a confirmatory factor analysis framework. The results indicated that the washing and contamination and symmetry and ordering symptom clusters fit best under the Fear spectrum, whereas the obsessions and checking and hoarding clusters fit best under the Thought Disorder spectrum. These findings suggest that OCD may be best characterized as cross-loading between the Fear and Thought Disorder spectra, and highlight the importance of accounting for diagnostic heterogeneity in future research.

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Participation Motives of Sport and Exercise Maintainers: Influences of Age and Gender

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17217830 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (21) ◽

pp. 7830

Author(s):

Clemens Ley

Keyword(s):

Measurement Invariance ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Global Priority ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Promotion Of Physical Activity ◽

Sports And Exercise ◽

And Gender ◽

Sport And Exercise ◽

Participation Motives

Promotion of physical activity has become a global priority for public health. While many people do not adhere to the recommendations, sport and exercise maintainers have found their right or fitting practice. Thus, assessing and knowing the participation motives across maintainers helps to improve our understanding of the sports and exercise practices and, thus, to recommend and to design physical activities and programmes that fit to individuals’ motives. A modified version of the Bernese Motive and Goal Inventory was used in an Austria-wide cross-sectional study with 10646 sport and exercise maintainers (43% female). The study performed confirmatory factor analysis, examined measurement invariance, and compared participation motives. The results showed a good model fit and measurement invariance, indicating that the inventory can be applied independently of gender, age and years of sport/exercise experiences. Motives differed among gender, age and type of sports/exercise. Therefore, these variables should be considered in tailoring sport recommendations and interventions to promote adherence. Finally, the results are discussed by using the Self-Determination Theory indicating that sport and exercise maintainers pursue predominantly motives with intrinsic goal contents.

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Validation of the Interreligious Forms of the Centrality of Religiosity Scale (CRSi-7, CRSi-14, and CRSi-20): Salience of Religion among Selected Youth in the Philippines

Religions ◽

10.3390/rel11120641 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 641

Author(s):

Fides del Castillo ◽

Clarence Darro del Castillo ◽

Marie Antoinette Aliño ◽

Rene Nob ◽

Michael Ackert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Internal Consistency ◽

Online Survey ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Belief Systems ◽

The Philippines ◽

Public Practice ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Private And Public ◽

Good Internal Consistency ◽

Correlated Factors

The presence of different religions and the freedom of people to navigate the religious space shows that religion in the Philippines is not a monolithic entity. This study validated three versions of the Centrality of Religiosity Scale (CRSi-7, -14, and -20) which propose an adequate assessment tool for the diversity of religious belief systems co-existing in Philippine society. The sample (N = 514) was drawn from the young population of the country in an online survey. Descriptive statistics and Cronbach’s alpha values were calculated for the five subscales (ideology, intellect, experience, private and public practice) of the Centrality of Religiosity Scale. The factor structure of the interreligious Centrality of Religiosity Scale was tested using confirmatory factor analysis. The results show that CRSi-7 denotes internal consistency while CRSi-14 and CRSi-20 indicate good internal consistency. Models of CRSi-7, -14, and -20 show a good global fit. Despite two models of the CRSi-20 being identical in fit, the researchers defer to the CRSi-20 model with correlated factors since it is a simpler model. All versions of the CRSi demonstrate a valid and reliable measure for the centrality of religiosity in the Philippines and support the usefulness of the CRS for the study of religiosity.

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Examining the Short Dark Tetrad (SD4) Across Models, Correlates, and Gender

Assessment ◽

10.1177/1073191120986624 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 107319112098662

Author(s):

Craig S. Neumann ◽

Daniel N. Jones ◽

Delroy L. Paulhus

Keyword(s):

Measurement Invariance ◽

Latent Variable ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Equation Model ◽

Good Precision ◽

Factor Analytic Model ◽

Factor Analytic ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

And Gender ◽

Model C

To date, no studies have examined a range of structural models of the interpersonally aversive traits tapped by the Short Dark Tetrad (SD4; narcissism, Machiavellianism, psychopathy, sadism), in conjunction with their measurement invariance (males vs. females) and how the models each predict external correlates. Using a large sample of young adults ( N = 3,975), four latent variable models were compared in terms of fit, measurement invariance, and prediction of intrapersonal and interpersonal functioning. The models tested were as follows: (Model A) confirmatory factor analytic, (Model B) bifactor, (Model C) exploratory structural equation model, and (Model D) a reduced-item confirmatory factor analytic that maximized item information. All models accounted for item covariance with good precision, although differed in incremental fit. Strong invariance held for all models, and each accounted similarly for the external correlates, highlighting differential predictive effects of the SD4 factors. The results provide support for four theoretically distinct but overlapping dark personality domains.

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