Suicidal Ideation and Risk Reduction Associated with Participation in an Evidence-Based mHealth Intervention

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin W Nelson ◽  
Silvan Hornstein ◽  
Vilma Viiala ◽  
Erin Gillung ◽  
Nicholas Peiper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Mhealth Intervention ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Significant Public Health

Introduction: Suicide is a significant public health concern with increasing prevalence. Novel interventions that reduce stigma and increase accessibility, such as mobile health (mHealth) interventions, are urgently needed. Methods: This retrospective cohort intent-to-treat study examined suicidal ideation (SI) trajectories using multilevel models during and up to 6-months after an evidence-based 12-week mHealth intervention (Meru Health Program [MHP]) as assessed by the ninth item of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Estimates of associated suicide attempts and deaths by suicide were calculated using published data linking PHQ-9-assessed SI to records of suicide attempts and deaths by suicide. Results: MHP participants reporting SI “not at all” significantly increased between baseline and end-of-treatment (78.02% to 91.00%). Effect sizes of SI changes between baseline and end-of-treatment, 3-month, and 6-month follow-ups were 0.33 (95%CI=0.27-0.38), 0.32 (95%CI=0.27-0.38), and 0.32 (95%CI=0.27-0.438), respectively. Results also indicated an estimated 30.49% reduction (95%CI=25.15%-35.13%) in suicide attempts and death by suicide across treatment.Conclusion: This real-world study indicates that participants of the MHP show significant reductions in SI and estimated suicide attempts and deaths by suicide across treatment that are maintained 6-months following treatment.

scholarly journals Suicidal Ideation and Risk Reduction Associated with Participation in a Therapist-Supported Digital Mental Health Intervention

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin W. Nelson ◽  
Silvan Hornstein ◽  
Vilma Viiala ◽  
Erin Gillung ◽  
Nicholas Peiper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Health Intervention ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Mental Health Intervention ◽  
End Of Treatment

Abstract Background Suicide is a significant public health concern with increasing prevalence. Novel interventions that reduce stigma and increase accessibility, such as therapist-supported digital mental health interventions, are urgently needed. Methods This preregistered retrospective cohort, single-arm, and intent-to-treat study with 778 patients examined suicidal ideation (SI) trajectories using multilevel models during and up to 6-months after an 12-week therapist-supported digital mental health intervention (Meru Health Program [MHP]) as assessed by the ninth item of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Estimates of associated suicide attempts and deaths by suicide were calculated using published data linking PHQ-9-assessed SI to records of suicide attempts and deaths by suicide. Results MHP participants reporting SI “not at all” significantly increased between baseline and end-of-treatment (78.02–91.00%). Effect sizes of SI changes between baseline and end-of-treatment, 3-month, and 6-month follow-ups were 0.33 (95%CI=0.27-0.38), 0.32 (95%CI=0.27-0.38), and 0.32 (95%CI=0.27-0.438), respectively. Results also indicated an estimated 30.49% reduction (95%CI=25.15%-35.13%) in suicide attempts and death by suicide across treatment. Conclusion This real-world study provides preliminary evidence that participants of the MHP show significant reductions in SI and estimated suicide attempts and deaths by suicide across treatment that are maintained 6-months following treatment. The next steps are to conduct a randomized control trial to confirm these results.

scholarly journals Suicide Attempts and Associated Factors in Newfoundland and Labrador, 1998–2000

2005 ◽  
Vol 50 (12) ◽  
pp. 762-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Alaghehbandan ◽  
Kayla D Gates ◽  
Don MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Newfoundland And Labrador ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Specific Rate ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Region Of Residence ◽  
Significant Public Health

Objective: This study examined the epidemiology and associated factors for suicide attempts requiring hospitalization in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador. Method: We extracted data from the provincial hospital separation database. Outcome measures included incidence rates (IRs) of suicide attempts by age, sex, and geographical region of residence. We also analyzed sociodemographic data to determine associated factors. Results: A total of 978 patients who were hospitalized owing to suicide attempts were identified for 1998–2000, giving an overall IR of 68.7 per 100 000 person-years (P-Y). The age-specific rate for people aged 15 to 19 years was much greater, at 143.0 per 100 000 P-Y. The overall female-to-male ratio was 1.3, with an attempted suicide rate of 76.1 per 100 000 P-Y for female patients and 60.3 per 100 000 P-Y for male patients ( P = 0.001). Labrador (210.2 per 100 000 P-Y), a region with a high Aboriginal population, had a higher rate of suicide attempts, compared with the island portion of the province (59.0 per 100 000 P-Y) ( P < 0.001). More than 70% of hospitalizations were associated with psychiatric diagnosis. Poisoning was the most frequent method of attempting suicide. Higher IRs of suicide attempts were found among people who were divorced or separated and among those who were less educated ( P < 0.001). Conclusions: Suicide attempt represents a significant public health concern in the province, particularly in Labrador. An increased risk of suicide attempts was associated with single status, female sex, younger age (teen or young adult), and low educational level during the index attempt. Further research is needed to explicate these findings and increase our understanding of attempted suicide.

The Prevalence and Correlates of Suicidality in a Sample of Adolescents in Guangdong, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-100
Author(s):  
Pei Yan ◽  
Yaxuan Ren ◽  
Minyi Li ◽  
Min-Pei Lin ◽  
Sian Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Chinese Adolescents ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Suicide Attempters ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
The Past ◽  
Communication Problems

Background: Suicidality is a public health concern among Chinese adolescents. This study aimed to examine the prevalence and correlates of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in a large sample of Chinese adolescents. Methods: A total of 30,644 Chinese students (56.7% male; Mage = 14.14 years) completed the questionnaires, and a multinomial logistic regression was conducted to analyze the data. Results: About 17.0% of the participants reported having suicidal ideation and 4.4% reported suicide attempts in the past year. Adolescents with more rumination, more severe depressive symptoms, more communication problems with their parents, and more feelings of burdensomeness were more likely to be suicidal ideators or suicide attempters rather than non-suicidal controls. Additionally, male adolescents, adolescents from incomplete families, adolescents whose parents have lower educational levels, and adolescents with less rumination, more severe depressive symptoms, less communication problems with their parents were more likely to be suicide attempters rather than suicidal ideators. Discussion: Suicidality is prevalent and correlates with various familial and individual factors in Chinese adolescents. Theoretical and clinical implications of the findings were discussed.

scholarly journals The integrated motivational–volitional model of suicidal behaviour

2018 ◽  
Vol 373 (1754) ◽  
pp. 20170268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rory C. O'Connor ◽  
Olivia J. Kirtley
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Pain Tolerance ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Current Article

Suicide is a major public health concern accounting for 800 000 deaths globally each year. Although there have been many advances in understanding suicide risk in recent decades, our ability to predict suicide is no better now than it was 50 years ago. There are many potential explanations for this lack of progress, but the absence, until recently, of comprehensive theoretical models that predict the emergence of suicidal ideation distinct from the transition between suicidal ideation and suicide attempts/suicide is key to this lack of progress. The current article presents the integrated motivational–volitional (IMV) model of suicidal behaviour, one such theoretical model. We propose that defeat and entrapment drive the emergence of suicidal ideation and that a group of factors, entitled volitional moderators (VMs), govern the transition from suicidal ideation to suicidal behaviour. According to the IMV model, VMs include access to the means of suicide, exposure to suicidal behaviour, capability for suicide (fearlessness about death and increased physical pain tolerance), planning, impulsivity, mental imagery and past suicidal behaviour. In this article, we describe the theoretical origins of the IMV model, the key premises underpinning the model, empirical tests of the model and future research directions. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Evolutionary thanatology: impacts of the dead on the living in humans and other animals'.

Suicide Prevention Through Online Gatekeeping Using Search Advertising Techniques

Crisis ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hajime Sueki ◽  
Jiro Ito
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Web Search ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Consultation Service ◽  
Search Advertising ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
History Of

Abstract. Background: Nurturing gatekeepers is an effective suicide prevention strategy. Internet-based methods to screen those at high risk of suicide have been developed in recent years but have not been used for online gatekeeping. Aims: A preliminary study was conducted to examine the feasibility and effects of online gatekeeping. Method: Advertisements to promote e-mail psychological consultation service use among Internet users were placed on web pages identified by searches using suicide-related keywords. We replied to all emails received between July and December 2013 and analyzed their contents. Results: A total of 139 consultation service users were analyzed. The mean age was 23.8 years (SD = 9.7), and female users accounted for 80% of the sample. Suicidal ideation was present in 74.1%, and 12.2% had a history of suicide attempts. After consultation, positive changes in mood were observed in 10.8%, 16.5% showed intentions to seek help from new supporters, and 10.1% of all 139 users actually took help-seeking actions. Conclusion: Online gatekeeping to prevent suicide by placing advertisements on web search pages to promote consultation service use among Internet users with suicidal ideation may be feasible.

Prevalence of Suicidal Ideation in Sri Lanka

Crisis ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudath Samaraweera ◽  
Athula Sumathipala ◽  
Sisira Siribaddana ◽  
S. Sivayogan ◽  
Dinesh Bhugra
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
General Population ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
National Average ◽  
The West ◽  
Suicide Methods ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Completed Suicide ◽  
The World

Background: Suicidal ideation can often lead to suicide attempts and completed suicide. Studies have shown that Sri Lanka has one of the highest rates of suicide in the world but so far no studies have looked at prevalence of suicidal ideation in a general population in Sri Lanka. Aims: We wanted to determine the prevalence of suicidal ideation by randomly selecting six Divisional Secretariats (Dss) out of 17 in one district. This district is known to have higher than national average rates of suicide. Methods: 808 participants were interviewed using Sinhala versions of GHQ-30 and Beck’s Scale for Suicidal Ideation. Of these, 387 (48%) were males, and 421 (52%) were female. Results: On Beck’s Scale for Suicidal Ideation, 29 individuals (4%) had active suicidal ideation and 23 (3%) had passive suicidal ideation. The active suicidal ideators were young, physically ill and had higher levels of helplessness and hopelessness. Conclusions: The prevalence of suicidal ideation in Sri Lanka is lower than reported from the West and yet suicide rates are higher. Further work must explore cultural and religious factors.

Attachment Organization in Suicide Prevention Research

Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Venta ◽  
Carla Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Self Harm

Background: Identifying risk factors for suicide-related thoughts and behaviors (SRTB) is essential among adolescents in whom SRTB remain a leading cause of death. Although many risk factors have already been identified, influential theories now suggest that the domain of interpersonal relationships may play a critical role in the emergence of SRTB. Because attachment has long been seen as the foundation of interpersonal functioning, we suggest that attachment insecurity warrants attention as a risk factor for SRTB. Aims: This study sought to explore relations between attachment organization and suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and self-harm in an inpatient adolescent sample, controlling for demographic and psychopathological covariates. Method: We recruited 194 adolescents from an inpatient unit and assigned them to one of four attachment groups (secure, preoccupied, dismissing, or disorganized attachment). Interview and self-report measures were used to create four variables reflecting the presence or absence of suicidal ideation in the last year, single lifetime suicide attempt, multiple lifetime suicide attempts, and lifetime self-harm. Results: Chi-square and regression analyses did not reveal significant relations between attachment organization and SRTB, although findings did confirm previously established relations between psychopathology and SRTB, such that internalizing disorder was associated with increased self-harm, suicide ideation, and suicide attempt and externalizing disorder was associated with increased self-harm. Conclusion: The severity of this sample and methodological differences from previous studies may explain the nonsignificant findings. Nonsignificant findings may indicate that the relation between attachment organization and SRTB is moderated by other factors that should be explored in future research.

Differences in Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors Among Three Racial Groups

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-178
Author(s):  
Brooke A. Ammerman ◽  
Martha K. Fahlgren ◽  
Kristen M. Sorgi ◽  
Michael S. McCloskey
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Assessment Procedures ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviors

Abstract. Background: Despite being a major public health concern, it is unclear how suicidal thoughts and behaviors differentially impact separate racial groups. Aims: The aim of the current study was to examine the occurrence of nonlethal suicide events, in addition to suicide attempt characteristics and factors contributing to suicide attempts. Method: A final sample of 7,094 undergraduates from a large northeastern university, identifying as members of three racial groups (White [67.30%], Black [17.30%], and Asian [15.40%]), completed online questionnaires. Results: White participants reported increased likelihood of endorsing lifetime suicidal ideation and plan, whereas Black participants reported decreased likelihood of these events; no differences were found in rates of lifetime suicide attempts. Black participants' suicidal behavior may involve greater ambivalence of intent. A higher proportion of Asian participants endorsed interpersonal factors as contributing to their suicide attempts, whereas a greater percentage of White participants reported internal contributing factors. Limitations: Findings are limited by the sample size and assessment of lifetime suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Conclusion: The findings present a more nuanced look at attitudes and actions related to suicidal thoughts and behaviors that may inform future research and risk assessment procedures.

Suicide Attempts Among Depressed Inpatients with Depressive Disorder in a Malaysian Sample

Crisis ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 283-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. F. Chan ◽  
T. Maniam ◽  
A. S. Shamsul
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Psychosocial Risk Factors ◽  
Psychosocial Risk ◽  
Life Event ◽  
Axis I ◽  
A Current

Background: Depressed inpatients constitute a high-risk population for suicide attempts. Aims: To describe the interactions of clinical and psychosocial risk factors influencing suicide attempts among a Malaysian sample of depressed inpatients. Methods: Seventy-five subjects were diagnosed with a depressive disorder according to the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders-Clinical Version (SCID-CV). Data on suicide attempts, suicidal ideation (Scale for Suicidal Ideation, SSI), depression severity (Beck’s Depression Inventory, BDI), recent life-event changes (Social Readjustment Rating Scale, SRRS), sociodemographic and other relevant clinical factors were collected. Results: A third of the subjects presented after a current suicide attempt. Significant factors for a current suicide attempt were race, religion, recent life-event changes, suicidal ideation, and alcohol use disorder. Independent predictive risk factors for a current suicide attempt were Chinese race, recent marital separation, major mortgage or loans, and being newly diagnosed with depression. Any recent change in personal habits was shown to be a protective factor against current suicide attempt. Age and gender were nonsignificant factors. Conclusions: The findings are generally consistent with existing studies and highlight the role of psychosocial risk factors.

Proportion of Individuals With Past-Year Suicidal Ideation Who Attempted Suicide Over the Past 10 Years in the United States, and the Influence of Age and Sex

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Shannon Lange ◽  
Courtney Bagge ◽  
Charlotte Probst ◽  
Jürgen Rehm
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Random Effects ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
The United States ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Past ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Age Category

Abstract. Background: In recent years, the rate of death by suicide has been increasing disproportionately among females and young adults in the United States. Presumably this trend has been mirrored by the proportion of individuals with suicidal ideation who attempted suicide. Aim: We aimed to investigate whether the proportion of individuals in the United States with suicidal ideation who attempted suicide differed by age and/or sex, and whether this proportion has increased over time. Method: Individual-level data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), 2008–2017, were used to estimate the year-, age category-, and sex-specific proportion of individuals with past-year suicidal ideation who attempted suicide. We then determined whether this proportion differed by age category, sex, and across years using random-effects meta-regression. Overall, age category- and sex-specific proportions across survey years were estimated using random-effects meta-analyses. Results: Although the proportion was found to be significantly higher among females and those aged 18–25 years, it had not significantly increased over the past 10 years. Limitations: Data were self-reported and restricted to past-year suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. Conclusion: The increase in the death by suicide rate in the United States over the past 10 years was not mirrored by the proportion of individuals with past-year suicidal ideation who attempted suicide during this period.

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