scholarly journals Judgments of interpersonal warmth predict class-based voting preferences

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacinth Jia Xin Tan ◽  
Michael W. Kraus
Keyword(s):  
Voting Behavior ◽  
Person Perception ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Upper Class ◽  
Class Member ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
Different Types ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Interpersonal Warmth ◽  
Political Figure

The present research examined how social class groups shape patterns of political participation. Drawing on research linking lower-class individuals to heightened attunement to others’ needs and behavior, we predicted that lower-class individuals would be more sensitive to different types of warm messages, modulating their trust and voting behavior more acutely to these messages than upper-class individuals. In Experiment 1, lower-class participants showed reduced trust and voting preferences for a candidate depicted as warm by common political tropes relative to upper-class participants, while no class differences were found for the candidate depicted as competent or hostile to an opponent. In Experiment 2, lower-class participants reported greater trust and support for a political figure described as warm by a lower-class member than upper-class participants, but no class difference was observed when the description was by an upper-class member. These findings have implications for cross-class communication with political elites and basic person perception.

scholarly journals Partner Commitment in Close Relationships Mitigates Social Class Differences in Subjective Well-Being

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacinth Jia Xin Tan ◽  
Michael W. Kraus ◽  
Emily Impett ◽  
Dacher Keltner
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Upper Class ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
The Relationship

Close relationships can be a source of positive subjective well-being for lower-class individuals, but stresses of lower-class environments tend to negatively impact those relationships. The present research demonstrates that a partner’s commitment in close relationships buffers against the negative impact of lower-class environments on relationships, mitigating social class differences in subjective well-being. In two samples of close relationship dyads, we found that when partners reported low commitment to the relationship, relatively lower-class individuals experienced poorer well-being than their upper-class counterparts, assessed as life satisfaction among romantic couples (Study 1) and negative affect linked to depression among ethnically diverse close friendships (Study 2). Conversely, when partners reported high commitment to the relationship, deficits in the well-being of lower-class relative to upper-class individuals were attenuated. Implications of these findings for upending the class divide in subjective well-being are discussed.

Class and Conflict

2019 ◽  
pp. 168-247
Author(s):  
William L. Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Upper Class ◽  
The South ◽  
Upper Echelon ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
And Behavior

Chapter 3 begins by reviewing the depictions of class differences among slaveholding and nonslaveholding whites in the South, centering on the contempt the narrators expressed toward “lazy” and “idle” slaveholders and “mean masters.” Yet some narratives recount class-based alliances between upper-echelon slaves and their “friends” in the white upper class. This chapter explores dissension the narrators attributed to envy, treachery, betrayal, and threats of violence between a favored “confidential” minority of domestic or skilled slaves and a resentful enslaved majority. The chapter examines narrative depictions of conflict, verbal and physical, between whites and blacks whose “impudent” bearing, speech, and behavior often identified them, insofar as the indignant whites were concerned, as intractable “gentlemen” and “lady” slaves. The chapter concludes with an analysis of the class implications of Douglass’s memory of a fight between an enslaved woman, Nelly Kellem, and an overseer in My Bondage and My Freedom.

The effect of a narrative context on the verbal style of middle-class and lower-class children

1981 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Jewson ◽  
Jacqueline Sachs ◽  
Ronald P. Rohner
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Stimulus Item ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Order Effects ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
Communication Task ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Abstract Stimuli ◽  
Narrative Context

ABSTRACTThe verbal style of middle-class and lower-class ten-year-old children was assessed in a descriptive communication task using three different types of stimulus items: standard visual, tactual, and items embedded in a narrative. In a partial replication of Heider's (1971) work it was found that lower-class children used a global descriptive style to communicate information about standard visual (abstract) stimuli, whereas middle-class children used an analytic style. Group differences also were observed with tactually input stimuli, although the lower-class responses shifted toward an analytic style. However, both middle-class and lower-class children used an analytic style to describe stimulus items when they were embedded in a narrative context. In addition, order effects were observed, suggesting that lower-class children use an analytic style with standard visual stimuli if they perceive this style as situationally appropriate. Social class differences in verbal style are not only a function of type of stimulus item, but are also a function of strategies applied in the communicative situation.

Effects of Sex, Race, and Class on Self, Ideal-Self, and Parental Ratings in Southern Adolescents

1968 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Mc Donald
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
The Self ◽  
Upper Class ◽  
Check List ◽  
Ideal Self ◽  
Race And Class ◽  
Segregated Schools ◽  
Parental Ratings ◽  
Interpersonal Warmth

This study replicated an earlier one in evaluating the effects of sex, race, and social class on the self- and ideal-self ratings of adolescent Ss. The effects of these three factors on Ss' parental ratings and self-parental congruency were also assessed. Interpersonal Check List data were obtained from 218 Negro and 310 white high school seniors from rural segregated schools whose social class was determined from parental occupations as reported by the students. The results largely replicated the earlier findings on self- and ideal-self-ratings for the sex and race variables. In addition, lower class students obtained higher self- and ideal-self-love scores than upper-class students. The major findings involving the parental ratings and self-parental congruency pertained to the females who described (1) their fathers as possessing more interpersonal warmth than their mothers and (2) greater self-father than self-mother congruency.

scholarly journals Hierarchies of whiteness in the geographies of empire: Thomas Thistlewood and the Barrets of Jamaica

2006 ◽  
Vol 80 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 5-43
Author(s):  
Cecilia A. Green
Keyword(s):  
Lower Class ◽  
Intermediate Position ◽  
Upper Class ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Reproductive Patterns ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
Social Structural ◽  
The Family ◽  
Racial Solidarity ◽  
White Settlers

Shows how a racial solidarity between whites in colonial Jamaica during slavery developed, but covered class differences between whites. Author examines the differences between the lesser-white, socially mobile settlers, and the upper plantocracy. She looks especially at social-structural factors, in particular genealogy and reproduction, that separated upper plantocratic families and dynasties, with connections with Britain, e.g. through absentee plantation owners, from less wealthy white settlers, that obtained intermediate positions as overseers, and generally were single males. She relates this further to the context with a white minority and a majority of slaves, and with relatively less women than men among the whites, that influenced differing reproductive patterns. The upper-class tended to achieve white marrying partners from Britain, alongside having children with slaves or people of colour, while lower-class whites mostly reproduced only in this last way. Author exemplifies this difference by juxtaposing the family histories and relationships, and relative social positions of Thomas Thistlewood, an overseer who came alone, and had an intermediate position, and the upper-class wealthy Barrett family, who were large land and slave owners, and established a powerful white dynasty in Jamaica, with British connections, over centuries, and that also included, sidelined, coloured offspring.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Dominance and Resistance in the Novel High Fidelity

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (22) ◽  
pp. 283-298
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Živanović ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Upper Class ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Class Member ◽  
Moral Principles ◽  
Successful Business ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This paper provides an analysis of the relationship of dominance and resistance in the novel High Fidelity. The aim of the paper is to identify the elements of popular culture in the novel and thus determine the nature of possible relationships in a patriarchal, capitalist society. The theoretical framework used in the paper is Fiske’s theory of popular culture (2001) and the analysis is based on regarding the characters as representatives of dominant and resistant forces. Men and the upper class constitute categories which are dominant in the relationship with subordinate ones – women and the lower class. In addition, the protagonist Rob is the prototype of a man who is subordinate to himself, i.e. to his representation of ideal male traits he lacks, according to his own beliefs. The subordinate put up resistance in different ways. Laura is a successful business woman who possesses a strong character, which places her into a better position than that of Rob. The protagonist uses music as one of the ways to express his resistance. As a lower class member (i.e. a poor entrepreneur), the protagonist opposes upper class members (wealthy entrepreneurs) in that he possesses moral principles which they often lack.

The Class–Compassion Gap

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul K. Piff ◽  
Jake P. Moskowitz
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Subjective Perceptions ◽  
Mitigating Factors ◽  
Lower Social Class ◽  
And Behavior

Who is more likely to experience compassion: someone who is rich or someone who is poor? In this chapter, we review how psychological science can shed light on this question. We argue that social class differences in objective material resources (e.g., income) and corresponding subjective perceptions of rank produce self- versus other-oriented patterns of social cognition and behavior among upper- and lower-class individuals, respectively. Extending this framework to the domain of compassion, empirical studies find that individuals from lower social class backgrounds are more prone to feelings of compassion and more likely to behave in ways that are compassionate, including sharing with, caring for, and helping others, relative to individuals from higher social class backgrounds. We describe boundary conditions and mitigating factors to the class–compassion gap, and conclude by outlining important questions and lines of inquiry to guide future research.

scholarly journals Living in a hamster wheel: Identity construction through hopes and terrors in Bong Joon-Ho’s 'Parasite'

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-33
Author(s):  
Lisa Octavia
Keyword(s):  
Identity Construction ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Upper Class ◽  
Perceptual Discrimination ◽  
Class Identity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Close Textual Analysis ◽  
The Family ◽  
And Behavior

Bong Joon-Ho’s Parasite (2019) has successfully depicted universal issues regarding class identity and social mobility. It tells us a story about a lower-class family, the Kims who aspired and struggled in their journey of climbing the social ladder. This research aims to explore the process of identity construction of the Kims. Close textual analysis is employed as a tool for investigation and Althusser’s ideological interpellation is used to explain the process. The research also focuses on the socio-cultural factors that influence the Kims’ social mobility which contribute to the permanence of their class identity. The findings found out that many symbolic markers such as differences in property, neighborhood, education, diet and behavior distinguish the lower- and upper-class families. Thus, interpellation occurs when the family is lured into believing the ‘American dream’: by working hard enough and taking more risks, it is possible to climb up the social hierarchy. It constructs their identity as a lower-class with aspirations to move upward. This study also concludes that the persistence of social immobility is highly influenced by the level of education, perceptual discrimination, the impossibility of cross-class marriage and the economic inequality. Therefore, it proves that class identity can be unfavorable inheritance.

Hierarchies of whiteness in the geographies of empire: Thomas Thistlewood and the Barrets of Jamaica

2008 ◽  
Vol 80 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 5-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia A. Green
Keyword(s):  
Lower Class ◽  
Intermediate Position ◽  
Upper Class ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Reproductive Patterns ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
Social Structural ◽  
The Family ◽  
Racial Solidarity ◽  
White Settlers

Shows how a racial solidarity between whites in colonial Jamaica during slavery developed, but covered class differences between whites. Author examines the differences between the lesser-white, socially mobile settlers, and the upper plantocracy. She looks especially at social-structural factors, in particular genealogy and reproduction, that separated upper plantocratic families and dynasties, with connections with Britain, e.g. through absentee plantation owners, from less wealthy white settlers, that obtained intermediate positions as overseers, and generally were single males. She relates this further to the context with a white minority and a majority of slaves, and with relatively less women than men among the whites, that influenced differing reproductive patterns. The upper-class tended to achieve white marrying partners from Britain, alongside having children with slaves or people of colour, while lower-class whites mostly reproduced only in this last way. Author exemplifies this difference by juxtaposing the family histories and relationships, and relative social positions of Thomas Thistlewood, an overseer who came alone, and had an intermediate position, and the upper-class wealthy Barrett family, who were large land and slave owners, and established a powerful white dynasty in Jamaica, with British connections, over centuries, and that also included, sidelined, coloured offspring.

scholarly journals REPRESENTATION OF SOCIAL CLASS IN FILM (Semiotic Analysis of Roland Barthes Film Parasite)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 212
Author(s):  
Vicky Dianiya
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Film Industry ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Upper Class ◽  
Semiotic Analysis ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
The Core ◽  
Analysis Phase ◽  
Class Representation

Social class differences have been formed long ago which can identify people's identities which are usually measured based on economic status. This class difference is depicted in Bong Joon-ho's Parasite film, telling of two families of different classes. The Kim family as a lower class and vice versa Mr. Park as the upper class. The core theme of the film Parasite is that of realistic drama about class domination which can also be seen around us. The paradigm used is critical interpretative, so researchers not only criticize but also make interpretations related to this Parasite film. In the analysis phase, this study uses Roland Barthes's semiotic analysis, which are signs in the form of words, images, sounds, movements and objects that are analyzed based on three things, namely parsing data based on the connotation, denotation and myths contained in the Parasite film scene. . Furthermore, representations produced through objects or images can produce meaning or processes that we understand or relate them to a meaning. Based on the first analysis of the film industry, Parasite Films are not included in the logic of most cultural industries but still succeed in penetrating the international market. Then, at the stage of representing social class markings in the film Parasite, it is found that there are at least five main points, namely: ease of life, fashion, boundaries, body odor, and color. Thus, the description of social class representation in the film Parasite is perfect both in its scenes, properties, and cinematography.

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