scholarly journals Cooperative phenotype predicts climate change belief and pro-environmental behaviour

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Kelly ◽  
Scott Claessens ◽  
Chris G Sibley ◽  
Ananish Chaudhuri ◽  
Quentin Atkinson
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Social Dilemmas ◽  
Social Dilemma ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Environmental Behaviour ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Collective Interest ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

Understanding the psychological causes of variation in climate change belief and pro-environmental behaviour remains an urgent challenge for the social sciences. The “cooperative phenotype” is a stable psychological preference for cooperating in social dilemmas that involve a tension between individual and collective interest. Since climate change poses a social dilemma on a global scale, this issue may evoke similar psychological processes as smaller social dilemmas. Here, we investigate the relationships between the cooperative phenotype and climate change belief and behaviour with a representative sample of New Zealanders (n = 897). By linking behaviour in a suite of economic games to self-reported climate attitudes, we show robust positive associations between the cooperative phenotype and both climate change belief and pro-environmental behaviour. Furthermore, our mediation analyses support a motivated reasoning model in which the relationship between the cooperative phenotype and pro-environmental behaviour is fully mediated by climate change belief. These findings suggest that common psychological mechanisms underlie cooperation in both micro-scale social dilemmas and larger-scale social dilemmas like climate change.

scholarly journals Las políticas supranacionales de educación superior ante la «tercera misión» de la Universidad: el caso del aprendizaje-servicio

2020 ◽  
pp. 256
Author(s):  
Juan García-Gutiérrez ◽  
Carlos Corrales Gaitero
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Third Mission ◽  
Social Commitment ◽  
Social Mission ◽  
The Social ◽  
American Citizenship ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship

The constant transformation that the institutions of higher education experiment and, particularly, the university assumes a re-consideration of their shapes, methodology, and missions, as well as the relationships established with society. Therefore, we shall consider that a “social mission” of the university or their “third mission” constitutes an umbrella that shelters a wide diversity of reflex conceptions, and at the same time, the relationship university – society. Additionally, take into consideration that this civic and social commitment in higher education should incorporate an integrator approach, involved with an idea of European or Latin-American citizenship, in any case, incorporated in the development of their supranational policies. Therefore, the objective of our work is double. On one side, to meet and analyze the notion of a “social mission” or “third mission” of the university and their conceptual network, to clarify the language and in which sense the different denominations are used, according to the different economical, sustainability or civic approaches to be adopted. Secondly, the treatment of these ideas will be addressed at the supranational policies of higher education both in Europe and Ibero America, according to what had been structured at the Higher Education European State and whether it has been promoted by the OEI. Also, it will be attended the way that this supranational policy aboard the civic and identity components, that linked to the social mission cooperate for the promotion of common citizenship. As a result of the analysis made we can affirm that the approach of the learning-service constitutes an emergent tendency on a global scale, appropriate to develop effectively the third mission or social mission of the university.

scholarly journals What Drives Climate Action in Canada’s Provincial North? Exploring the Role of Connectedness to Nature, Climate Worry, and Talking with Friends and Family

Climate ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Lindsay P. Galway ◽  
Thomas Beery ◽  
Chris Buse ◽  
Maya K. Gislason
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Connectedness To Nature ◽  
Leverage Point ◽  
Vulnerability To Climate Change ◽  
Climate Action ◽  
The Relationship

Despite widespread calls to action from the scientific community and beyond, a concerning climate action gap exists. This paper aims to enhance our understanding of the role of connectedness to nature in promoting individual-level climate action in a unique setting where climate research and action are lacking: Canada’s Provincial North. To begin to understand possible pathways, we also examined whether climate worry and talking about climate change with family and friends mediate the relationship between connectedness to nature and climate action. We used data collected via postal surveys in two Provincial North communities, Thunder Bay (Ontario), and Prince George (British Columbia) (n = 628). Results show that connectedness to nature has a direct positive association with individual-level climate action, controlling for gender and education. Results of parallel mediation analyses further show that connectedness to nature is indirectly associated with individual-level climate action, mediated by both climate worry and talking about climate change with family and friends. Finally, results suggest that climate worry and talking about climate change with family and friends serially mediate the relationship between connectedness to nature and with individual-level climate action. These findings are relevant for climate change engagement and action, especially across Canada’s Provincial North, but also in similar settings characterized by marginalization, heightened vulnerability to climate change, urban islands within vast rural and remote landscapes, and economies and social identities tied to resource extraction. Drawing on these findings, we argue that cultivating stronger connections with nature in the places where people live, learn, work, and play is an important and currently underutilized leverage point for promoting individual-level climate action. This study therefore adds to the current and increasingly relevant calls for (re-)connecting with nature that have been made by others across a range of disciplinary and sectoral divides.

scholarly journals The Silent Killer: Consequences of Climate Change and How to Survive Past the Year 2050

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 3757
Author(s):  
Anna Laura Huckelba ◽  
Paul A. M. Van Lange
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Behavioral Change ◽  
Social Dilemma ◽  
Psychological Perspective ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
The World

There is strong scientific consensus that the climate is drastically changing due to increasing levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, and that these changes are largely due to human behavior. Scientific estimates posit that by 2050, we will begin to experience some of the most damaging consequences of climate change, which will only worsen as the world becomes more populated and resources become scarcer. Considerable progress has been made to explore technological solutions, yet useful insights from a psychological perspective are still lacking. Understanding whether and how individuals and groups cope with environmental dilemmas is the first step to combatting climate change. The key challenge is how can we reduce a tendency to inaction and to understand the psychological obstacles for behavioral change that reduce climate change. We provide a social dilemma analysis of climate change, emphasizing three important ingredients: people need to recognize their own impact on the climate, there is conflict between self-interest and collective interests, and there is a temporal dilemma involving a conflict between short-term and longer-term interest. Acknowledging these features, we provide a comprehensive overview of psychological mechanisms that support inaction, and close by discussing potential solutions. In particular, we offer recommendations at the level of individuals, communities, and governments.

Influencing factors on carbon reporting: an empirical study in Spanish companies

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
José María González‐González ◽  
Constancio Zamora‐Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Regulatory Pressure ◽  
Norms And Values ◽  
The Social ◽  
Dow Jones Sustainability Index ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThe Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP) has become an international instrument for carbon reporting of companies. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the influence of some factors of the institutional environment of organizations (regulatory pressure, sustainability normative demands and interconnectedness) on the evaluation obtained by Spanish companies in this project.Design/methodology/approachThis paper has proceeded to make a multiple regression analysis in order to analyze the relationship between the dependent variable (“Carbon Disclosure” qualification) and independent variables (regulatory pressure, sustainability normative demands and interconnectedness) supported on the computer program Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS).FindingsThe results show that the interconnectedness of companies through their participation in associations that fight against climate change is the analyzed factor with a higher predictive power and statistical significance. Also, the regulatory pressure and normative demands from sustainability indexes, such as Dow Jones Sustainability Index, influence the carbon reporting of organizations participating in the CDP.Research limitations/implicationsThe main limitation of this paper is the reduced number of Spanish companies participating in the CDP.Originality/valueThis paper highlights the importance of the role developed by the associations fighting against climate change, since they allow the members to belong to a network through which they share resources, norms and values that positively and significantly influence their behaviour related to carbon reporting.

scholarly journals Impact of student exclusion (including from the SPE) on their digitisation behaviour in social media

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-224
Author(s):  
Marcin Prościak ◽  
Beata Prościak
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Special Educational Needs ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
Digital Exclusion ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Aim. The aim of this thesis is to present the impact of students exclusion (including SPEs) on their virtual behaviour in social media. Students with no special educational needs and those with SEN were taken into account. The relationship between exclusion of SPE and digitisation exclusion will be indicated . In addition, social exclusion in the family area was included. Methods: The analysis was based on statistical methods, such as: range, standard deviation, variance. Surveys were used. They were conducted on the Internet through the Facebook social portal on a national and global scale. Results: Respondents from around the world feel more excluded by the SPE than respondents in Poland. In contrast, respondents from the SPE use fewer social networking sites than in groups of computer players, both in Poland and worldwide. Conclusions: In Poland, SPE is not a barrier to communication with peers for most respondents, unlike global respondents. Respondents from the SPE spend less time on social portals because it absorbs their time devoted to learning, which can be an indicator of digital exclusion. Cognitive value: The originality of the research is to focus on introducing the global and Polish scale of the problem excluding students from SPE from the social media, which was calculated by the author’s method based on the indicator digital exclusion.

scholarly journals Effects of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic on Social Behaviours: From a Social Dilemma Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 312-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel, H. T. Ling ◽  
Christina Mee Chyong Ho
Keyword(s):  
Social Dilemma ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Negative Externalities ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Collective Interest ◽  
The Public ◽  
Policies And Measures ◽  
The Social ◽  
Global Impacts ◽  
The Government

The health crisis of the COVID-19 outbreak has global impacts on humanity and theeconomy. Such pandemic effects are believed to have influenced human behaviour; issues ofpanic buying (overbuying) and noncompliance among individuals are shown evident. However,the underlying understanding on such behaviours due to the pandemic remains unclear.Therefore, this perspective paper adopts the social dilemma theory and microeconomics conceptsto analyse and explain the effects of COVID-19 on social behavioural reactions. It attempts toaddress the questions of what and why are the behaviours of individuals shown during thecoronavirus pandemic and showcase how the theory is associated with current social phenomena.Real scenarios based on media reporting from the sociodemographic context of Malaysia,concerning the following issues; (i) competition over daily essentials; (ii) self-honesty ofindividuals; and (iii) adherence to government policies and measures enforcement (governance)were discussed. A conceptual framework was developed to illustrate interrelationships betweensocial dilemma concepts and the phenomena. In essence, due to fear, uncertainty and greed, selfinterestand opportunistic (defective/unethical) behaviours of most individuals prevailing oversocietal collective interest amid the pandemic have been prevalently observed in the aboveinstances, although a cooperative choice can eventually result in a better outcome for everyone.Not only do these non-cooperative behaviours of individuals create inconveniences,dissatisfactions and other forms of negative externalities, they also incentivise others to actselfishly, if no restrictions are imposed, that may eventually cause government interventionsfailures. This paper demonstrates the relevancy of the social dilemmas theory in betterunderstanding fundamental human behavioural reactions amid the health crisis and theimportance of incorporating the findings into government policymaking. Thesesociopsychological considerations help the government formulate holistic measures, namelystringent sanctions and monitoring enforcement, as well as incentivising cooperative andcompliant behaviours of the public, which then contribute to curbing the COVID-19 pandemicmore effectively.

scholarly journals Miedo ante la muerte y calidad de vida en adultos mayores

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-304
Author(s):  
Tirso Duran-Badillo ◽  
Maria Aurelia Maldonado Vidales ◽  
Ma de la Luz Martínez Aguilar ◽  
Gustavo Gutierrez Sánchez ◽  
Hermelinda Ávila Alpirez
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Environmental Dimension ◽  
Calidad De Vida ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

Objetivo: Conocer la relación entre el miedo a la muerte y calidad de vida de los adultos mayores. Material y Método: Estudio correlacional en adultos mayores. La muestra fue de 99 adultos mayores, se utilizó la Escala original de Collet-Lester de Miedo a la Muerte y al Proceso de Morir y el Cuestionario WHOQOL-BREF. Resultados: No se encontró relación en la escala global del miedo ante la muerte y el proceso de morir con la calidad de vida. Se observó relación negativa entre el miedo a la propia muerte y la dimensión física de la calidad de vida (p<.05) y en el miedo al propio proceso de morir con la dimensión ambiental de la calidad de vida (p<.05). Se encontró relación positiva entre el miedo a la muerte de los otros y la dimensión social de la calidad de vida (p<.05). Conclusiones: A menor miedo a la propia muerte mayor calidad de vida en la dimensión física, a menor miedo al propio proceso de morir mayor calidad de vida en la dimensión ambiental y a mayor miedo a la muerte de otras personas mayor calidad de vida en la dimensión social. Objective: Know the relationship between the fear of death and the quality of life ofolder adults.Materials and Method: Correlational study in older adults. The sample was 99 older adults. The original Collet-Lester Scale of Death Fear and the Dying Process and the WHOQOL-BREF Questionnaire were used.Results: No relationship found on the global scale of Death Fear and the Dying Process with the quality of life. A negative relationship was observed between the fear of own death and the physical dimension of the quality of life (p<.05), and the fear of the process of dying with the environmental dimension of quality of life (p<.05). Positive relationship was found between the fear of the death of others and the social dimension of quality of life (p <.05).Conclusions: A lesser fear of one's own death higher quality of life in the physical dimension, a lesser fear of the process of dying, greater quality of life in the environmental dimension and the greater the fear of the death of other people, the greater the quality of life in the social dimension.

Why clean the toilet if others don't? Using a social dilemma approach to understand users of shared toilets' collective cleaning behaviour in urban slums: a review

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Innocent K. Tumwebaze ◽  
Hans-Joachim Mosler
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Social Dilemmas ◽  
Social Dilemma ◽  
Urban Slums ◽  
Cleaning Behaviour ◽  
The Social

Shared toilets are a common good in urban slums, but need to be maintained and cleaned for users to positively benefit from having access to them. Collective participation of the shared toilet users is required to keep them clean and ensure adequate hygiene. However, users' decisions on whether to participate or not in the cleaning of the shared toilets are a social dilemma. If each of the shared toilets' users decided not to participate in their cleaning, the facilities could end up in a deteriorated unhygienic state and become a health risk to them and to the community at large. In this paper, we provide an overview of the social dilemma approach and highlight how the factors important in the management of social dilemmas can be relevant to understanding the cleaning behaviour of shared toilet users in urban slums.

scholarly journals Eco-social State in the European Union: the Relationship Between the Social and Climate Policy of the Member States

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 101-115
Author(s):  
Ulijona Kaklauskaitė ◽  
Jekaterina Navickė
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Policy ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Social State ◽  
Climate Policies ◽  
Climate Indicators ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

This article analyzes the relationship between the social and climate policies of the European Union member states and examines the concept of the eco–social state. In the climate crisis era, the need for a close link between social and climate policies is particularly acute. The European Green Deal and other EU strategies reflect a political agenda with a specific interest in social and ecological goals. We aim to answer whether more significant state efforts in the social field are related to a similarly more substantial commitment in climate policy or whether a greater focus on one means less attention on another.  On a theoretical level, we discuss the challenges of climate change for social policy and present the concept of climate justice. The similarities and differences between the ecological and the welfare state are also examined. We argue that the concept of climate justice highlights the phenomenon of a double and even triple injustice on a global level, which requires joint efforts in spheres of social and climate policy. Eco-social state combines social and environmental institutions intending to ensure welfare and sustainability and thus complements the traditional concept of the welfare state. The Koch-Fritz (2014) classification, which distinguishes between the established, deadlocked, emerging, and failing eco-social states, is presented in the paper and used for the empirical analysis.  The empirical part of the paper employs non-parametrical correlation and hierarchical cluster analysis. The former allows for exploring the links between the ecological and social indicators. The latter enables countries to be grouped according to social and climate indicators and compared to the traditional classification of welfare states and Koch-Fritz models of eco-social states. The analysis is based on social and climate indicators of the Europe 2020 strategy. The study found that countries that provide relatively more significant funding for traditional social problems also perform better in climate change adaptation and mitigation policies by reducing greenhouse gas emissions in an effort–sharing sectors and final energy consumption. We show that clusters of the EU member states in terms of social and climate indicators (eco–social state models) are very similar to their membership in the traditional welfare states’ classification. Moreover, social democratic welfare states are better prepared to address climate change than countries representing other types of welfare states. Thus the analysis confirms the social democratic welfare states as established eco–social states, while the conservative-corporate and liberal welfare states can indeed be called deadlocked eco–social states with average results. We show, however, that Lithuania, together with other Eastern European and Southern European countries, fluctuates on both the best and the worst social and climate change mitigation outcomes. Hence those should be attributed to a group with the mixed results and can be named as failed-emerging eco-social states.

scholarly journals Personnel Behaviour Management Through Social Communications

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena Tkachenko ◽  
Iryna Zhylenko ◽  
Nataliya Poplavska ◽  
Olha Mitchuk ◽  
Halyna Kuzmenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personnel Management ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
Social Foundations ◽  
Social Communications ◽  
The Social ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

Today is characterised by the formation and development of an open, civilised society; there are fundamentally new forms of communication-based on the social and personal partnership, competition, legal and social foundations of formal equality of all citizens, the rational regulation of social relations. The quantity and quality of communications are continually growing, a significant number of people are involved in the communication process, the relationship between individual communications becomes close, the action of communications whose network has reached a global scale is growing. Modern communication society is characterised by a constant increase and globalisation of communications. The consequence of this development of society is the extremely limited financial resources, significantly narrowing the range of measures and tools to improve the management of the organisation as a whole and its staff, in particular, on the one hand, and changes in the emotional and mental spheres of the employee. Therefore, in their study, the authors considered the concept of communication, types of communication, their impact on the management process of the organisation and identified the role and functions of social communications in personnel management. The authors studied and analysed the methods of personnel management in detail. Based on the theoretical and methodological analysis, the authors proposed a system for managing the behaviour of staff through social communications; proposed a matrix for the distribution of responsibilities and this system and proposed a method for evaluating its effectiveness.

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