scholarly journals Book Review of "Metode Fenomenologi Kajian Filsafat dan Ilmu Pengetahun"(Phenomenological Method of Study of Philosophy and Science)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riska Puspitasari Ningrum ◽  
Moses Glorino Rumambo Pandin
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Edmund Husserl ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Phenomenological Research ◽  
Jean Paul ◽  
Phenomenological Methodology ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Qualitative Phenomenological ◽  
Good Research

The book "Metode Penelitian Fenomenologi" was written to provide knowledge to readers about phenomenological research methods. Phenomenological research itself is conducted by looking at the phenomena that exist around us with the aim of digging awareness in each individual. Usually, this researcher is conducted by conducting interviews with participants. Some of the figures who used this approach in his research were Edmund Husserl, Martin Heidegger, Jean Paul Sartre, Mauriche Marleau-Pounty, Jaques Derrida, Alfred Schutz, Peter Berger and Luckmann. The figures use phenomenological research because they can decipher or obtain clear information from a phenomenon. In addition, it also explains what stages need to be carried out in phenomenological research. The author hopes that with this book, the readers can use it as a guideline in doing real research so that they can get maximum results. For readers who want to know more about phenomenological research methods, it is highly recommended to read this book because this book contains a lot of information about phenomenological research, such as the theory used by the figures, phenomenological methodology, and what steps can be done in conducting research using this approach so that it can increase the reader's knowledge about phenomenological research that will be used in the future.Research using phenomenological methods is not easy because, basically, phenomenology is an indisputable basis of thinking. In this research, science can be scientifically proven by using qualitative phenomenological research. Using qualitative phenomenological research, researchers created a list of questions that became important factors for expressing the feelings and experiences of an informant. So by preparing some questions, researchers will get a lot of information obtained directly from each individual. In qualitative research, logic also plays an important role. Therefore, a researcher must understand what the meaning of facts, concepts, principles, laws, hypotheses, and theories is to facilitate researchers in conducting qualitative research.The book discusses photometric research methods in detail and clearly packaged in several parts. With the book, we become aware of the phenomenological approach in the study of philosophy with science. The book also explains what steps to take before doing research until after doing research. With the book, we become aware of how to do good research in order to obtain the results we expect.

scholarly journals Phenomenological Approach In Psychology: Moving Towards Positivism Style Adaptation Or Towards Development?

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.S. Burlakova ◽  
V.I. Oleshkevich
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Phenomenological Research ◽  
Research Quality ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
Modern Psychology ◽  
American Psychology ◽  
Phenomenological Methodology ◽  
History Of

The article provides critical analysis of phenomenological approach application in the European and American psychology. The authors describe typical misapprehensions concerning phenomenological approach and clarify its essence and goals arguing that modern psychology lacks examinations focused on the history of the phenomenological approach and on the development of phenomenological methodology. The authors controvert to M. Larkin who applies phenomenological approach in the clinical psychology and discuss the issues concerning improvement of phenomenological research quality, ways of data acquisition, fields of phenomenological approach application and position of researcher. The authors develop and present their own approach towards phenomenological research based on their previous works. This approach draws on dialogical ontology of the self-awareness and methodology of dialogue for organization of phenomenological research. We suppose such approach provides an opportunity to incorporate and to reanalyze broad historical experience connected with phenomenological research.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN KELUARGA DI DESA UNTANG KALIMANTAN BARAT

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-26
Author(s):  
Shanti Veronica br Siahaan Shanti ◽  
Helena Anggraeni Tjondro Sugianto
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Phenomenological Research ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Research Data ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
Limited Ability ◽  
Interview Techniques ◽  
Qualitative Phenomenological ◽  
The Village

Research on the factors that influence family financial management in Untang village, Banyuke Hulu sub-district, Landak Regency, West Kalimantan using qualitative phenomenological research methods. The research data was taken using semi-structured interview techniques and observations. This study involved three housewives’ participants who had been married for more than ten years, have more than two children and lived in the village. The results of this study found that the factors that influence financial management are the appreciation of the Dayak traditions, openness to the advancement of children's education and the limited ability to manage business capital owned today.  

The Phenomenological Approach

2018 ◽  
pp. 204-215
Author(s):  
Dermot Moran
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Edmund Husserl ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Conscious Awareness ◽  
Natural Attitude ◽  
Life World ◽  
Jean Paul ◽  
Complex Correlation ◽  
The Subject

Phenomenology as an approach emerges with the work of Edmund Husserl and was developed in original ways by Martin Heidegger, Jean-Paul Sartre, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Alfred Schutz, and others, to become one of the major philosophical movements of the twentieth century. Phenomenology begins from the recognition that conscious life is intentional, that is, that all conscious awareness is directed at something, and that there is a complex correlation between the subjective act and the object apprehended, such that the object is said to be “constituted” by the subject. In order to lay bare this intentional constitution, phenomenologists apply a procedure of bracketing or phenomenological reduction that strips away presuppositions embedded in the natural attitude. Phenomenology has wide application not just in philosophy but in psychology and psychiatry. In recent years, phenomenology’s stress on the embodied character of life in the context of a life-world has had a major impact on cognitive science.

Intentionality, phenomenological perspectives

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Drummond
Keyword(s):  
Edmund Husserl ◽  
Temporal Structure ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
The Body ◽  
Detailed Account ◽  
Single Object ◽  
Technical Vocabulary ◽  
Phenomenological Methodology ◽  
Franz Brentano

Intentionality – the directedness of mental experiences to an object – is one of the main themes of phenomenology. Franz Brentano revived the medieval doctrine of intentionality, but it was Edmund Husserl who pioneered the phenomenological approach to intentionality and provided a detailed account of its structure. Husserl employed a phenomenological methodology that is descriptive, that aims at revealing the essential structures of intentional experience and that considers without presuppositions drawn from other quarters both the experience and its object just as they are experienced. Phenomenological investigations of intentionality explore, in other words, both the experience’s directedness to its object and the object’s being given in a particular manner or under a particular conception. In part to distinguish his view from psychological views, Husserl adopts a technical vocabulary in his discussions. He refers to the complex of mental performances and syntheses that account for the experience’s directedness as the ‘noesis’, and he refers to the object just as experienced as the ‘noema’. Thus, for Husserl, the study of intentionality is the analysis of the noesis-noema correlation. This formula should not mislead: the intentional correlation is not a simple, one-noesis-to-one-noema correlation. Reflection reveals immediately that the experience of an object is temporally extended and that a single object is experienced in a multiplicity of appearances, from many perspectives and under many different aspects or conceptions. This requires that phenomenology examine the temporal structure of both the experience and the experienced object. Moreover, phenomenology must examine the role of the body in generating multiple appearances of an object from different spatial perspectives as well as how differences in embodiment affect our understanding of objects. Finally, since something is an object only to the extent that it is experienced by a multiplicity of persons, phenomenology must also examine intersubjectivity to determine how it is that an object is the same for all of us and how history – our shared temporality – contributes to the understanding of our shared world. All these issues flow from the reflection on the intentionality of experience and were considered by Husserl and his successors.

Phenomenological movement

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lester Embree
Keyword(s):  
Edmund Husserl ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Existential Phenomenology ◽  
Max Scheler ◽  
Phenomenological Movement ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Hermeneutical Phenomenology ◽  
Jean Paul

The phenomenological movement is a century-old international movement in philosophy that has penetrated most of the cultural disciplines, especially psychiatry and sociology. It began in Germany with the early work of Edmund Husserl, and spread to the rest of Europe, the Americas and Asia. In contrast with a school, a movement does not have a body of doctrine to which all participants agree; rather, there is a broad approach that tends to be shared. The phenomenological approach has at least four components. First, phenomenologists tend to oppose naturalism. Naturalism includes behaviourism in psychology and positivism in social sciences and philosophy, and is a worldview based on the methods of the natural sciences. In contrast, phenomenologists tend to focus on the socio-historical or cultural lifeworld and to oppose all kinds of reductionism. Second, they tend to oppose speculative thinking and preoccupation with language, urging instead knowledge based on ‘intuiting’ or the ‘seeing’ of the matters themselves that thought is about. Third, they urge a technique of reflecting on processes within conscious life (or human existence) that emphasizes how such processes are directed at (or ‘intentive to’) objects and, correlatively, upon these objects as they present themselves or, in other words, as they are intended to. And fourth, phenomenologists tend to use analysis or explication as well as the seeing of the matters reflected upon to produce descriptions or interpretations both in particular and in universal or ‘eidetic’ terms. In addition, phenomenologists also tend to debate the feasibility of Husserl’s procedure of transcendental epoché or ‘bracketing’ and the project of transcendental first philosophy it serves, most phenomenology not being transcendental. Beyond these widely shared components of method, phenomenologists tend to belong to one or another of four intercommunicating and sometimes overlapping tendencies. These tendencies are ‘realistic phenomenology’, which emphasizes the seeing and describing of universal essences; ‘constitutive phenomenology’, which emphasizes accounting for objects in terms of the consciousness of them; ‘existential phenomenology’, which emphasizes aspects of human existence within the world; and ‘hermeneutical phenomenology’, which emphasizes the role of interpretation in all spheres of life. All tendencies go back to the early work of Husserl, but the existential and hermeneutical tendencies are also deeply influenced by the early work of Martin Heidegger. Other leading figures are Nicolai Hartmann, Roman Ingarden, Adolf Reinach and Max Scheler in realistic phenomenology, Dorion Cairns, Aron Gurwitsch and Alfred Schutz in constitutive phenomenology, Hannah Arendt, Jean-Paul Sartre, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, and Simone de Beauvoir in existential phenomenology, and Hans-Georg Gadamer and Paul Ricoeur in hermeneutical phenomenology.

scholarly journals The Meaning of “Phenomenology”: Qualitative and Philosophical Phenomenological Research Methods

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heath Williams
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Phenomenological Theory ◽  
Phenomenological Research ◽  
Qualitative Research Methods ◽  
Theoretical Terms ◽  
Phenomenological Philosophy ◽  
Qualitative Phenomenological ◽  
Philosophical Phenomenology

I show some problems with recent discussions within qualitative research that centre around the “authenticity” of phenomenological research methods. I argue that attempts to restrict the scope of the term “phenomenology” via reference to the phenomenological philosophy of Husserl are misguided, because the meaning of the term “phenomenology” is only broadly restricted by etymology. My argument has two prongs: first, via a discussion of Husserl, I show that the canonical phenomenological tradition gives rise to many traits of contemporary qualitative phenomenological theory that are purportedly insufficiently genuine (such as characterisations of phenomenology as “what-its-likeness” and presuppositionless description). Second, I argue that it is not adherence to the theories and methods of prior practitioners such as Husserl that justifies the moniker “phenomenology” anyway. Thus, I show that the extent to which qualitative researchers ought to engage with the theory of philosophical phenomenology or adhere to a particular edict of Husserlian methodology ought to be determined by the fit between subject matter and methodology and conclude that qualitative research methods still qualify as phenomenological if they develop their own set of theoretical terms, traditions, and methods instead of importing them from philosophical phenomenology.

Political Science Research in the Middle East and North Africa

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Personal Accounts

Based on personal accounts of their experiences conducting qualitative and quantitative research in the countries of the Middle East and North Africa, the contributors to this volume share the real-life obstacles they have encountered in applying research methods in practice and the possible solutions to overcome them. The volume is an important companion book to more standard methods books, which focus on the “how to” of methods but are often devoid of any real discussion of the practicalities, challenges, and common mistakes of fieldwork. The volume is divided into three parts, highlighting the challenges of (1) specific contexts, including conducting research in areas of violence; (2) a range of research methods, including interviewing, process-tracing, ethnography, experimental research, and the use of online media; and (3) the ethics of field research. In sharing their lessons learned, the contributors raise issues of concern to both junior and experienced researchers, particularly those of the Global South but also to those researching the Global North.

scholarly journals ‘Somebody stuck me in a bag of sand’: Lived experiences of the altered and uncomfortable body after stroke

2021 ◽  
pp. 026921552110007
Author(s):  
Hannah Stott ◽  
Mary Cramp ◽  
Stuart McClean ◽  
Ailie Turton
Keyword(s):  
Support Groups ◽  
Phenomenological Study ◽  
Community Support ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
The Body ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Personal Perceptions ◽  
Psychological Sense ◽  
Qualitative Phenomenological

Objective: This study explored stroke survivors’ experiences of altered body perception, whether these perceptions cause discomfort, and the need for clinical interventions to improve comfort. Design: A qualitative phenomenological study. Setting: Participants’ homes. Participants: A purposive sample of 16 stroke survivors were recruited from community support groups. Participants (median: age 59; time post stroke >2 years), were at least six-months post-stroke, experiencing motor or sensory impairments and able to communicate verbally. Interventions: Semi-structured, face-to-face interviews were analysed using an interpretive phenomenological approach and presented thematically. Results: Four themes or experiences were identified: Participants described (1) a body that did not exist; (2) a body hindered by strange sensations and distorted perceptions; (3) an uncontrollable body; and (4) a body isolated from social and clinical support. Discomfort was apparent in a physical and psychological sense and body experiences were difficult to comprehend and communicate to healthcare staff. Participants wished for interventions to improve their comfort but were doubtful that such treatments existed. Conclusion: Indications are that altered body perceptions cause multifaceted physical and psychosocial discomfort for stroke survivors. Discussions with patients about their personal perceptions and experiences of the body may facilitate better understanding and management to improve comfort after stroke.

scholarly journals Free to be: Experiences of arts-based relational caring in a community living and thriving with dementia

Dementia ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 147130122110270
Author(s):  
Christine Jonas-Simpson ◽  
Gail Mitchell ◽  
Sherry Dupuis ◽  
Lesley Donovan ◽  
Pia Kontos
Keyword(s):  
Ethic Of Care ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Creative Arts ◽  
Support Worker ◽  
Personal Support ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Van Manen ◽  
Phenomenological Methodology ◽  
Qualitative Phenomenological

Aim To present findings about experiences of relational caring at an arts-based academy for persons living with dementia. Background There is a compelling call and need for connection and relationships in communities living with dementia. This study shares what is possible when a creative arts-based academy for persons living with dementia grounded in relational inquiry and caring focuses on relationships through the medium of the arts. Design A qualitative phenomenological methodology (informed by van Manen) was used to answer the research question, “What is it like to experience relational caring at an arts-based academy for persons living with dementia?” We address two research objectives: (1) to explore how relationships are experienced when a relational caring philosophy underpins practice, including arts-based engagements; and (2) to understand the meaning of relationships that bring quality to day-to-day living. Methods Twenty-five participants were recruited from the Academy and interviewed in one-to-one in-depth interviews or small groups. Participants included five persons living with dementia, eight family members, four staff, five artists, one personal support worker, and two volunteers. Participants were asked to describe their experiences of relational caring or relationships in the Academy space. Findings Three thematic patterns emerged, which address the research objectives. Relational caring is experienced when: freedom and fluid engagement inspire a connected spontaneous liveliness; embracing difference invites discovery and generous inclusivity; and mutual affection brings forth trust and genuine expression. Conclusions Findings contribute to the growing body of knowledge about both relational caring and arts-based practices that call forth a different ethic of care—one that is relational, inclusive, and intentional. Findings also shed light on what is possible when a relational caring philosophy underpins arts-based practices—everyone thrives.

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