scholarly journals Analysis of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 and substance P gene expression in the mouse tongue following oral ginger administration

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 131-134
Author(s):  
Iizuka Michiro ◽  
◽  
Hirata Ayumu ◽  
Abe Noriaki ◽  
Jobu Kohei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Substance P ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential ◽  
Receptor Potential ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid ◽  
P Gene ◽  
Glandular Cells ◽  
Transient Receptor

Ginger rhizome (Zingiber officinale) exhibits multiple pharmacological actions. For example, its pungent components target the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) ion channel and thus contribute to swallowing reflex recovery by elevating the neuropeptide substance P. However, the precise mechanism underlying this action remains unclear. To examine TRPV1 and substance P gene expression in the mouse tongue in response to stimulation by orally administered ginger, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry were performed to evaluate mRNA and protein expression. TRPV1 mRNA expression in the mouse tongue was upregulated 30 min after oral ginger stimulation. In the gingerstimulated mouse, TRPV1 protein expression was increased and concentrated in the plasma membranes of the mucous glandular cells of the tongue epithelium. No significant differences in substance P mRNA expression relative to the control were observed after ginger stimulation. However, immunohistochemistry revealed that the amount of substance P protein expression increased in the mucous glandular cells of the tongue epithelium in ginger-stimulated mice, and this expression appeared to concentrate in the secretory granules of these cells. Activation of TRPV1 promotes the secretion of substance P in saliva, and clinically, saliva levels of substance P can be measured noninvasively and can provide a useful biomarker of the swallowing function. An increased level of substance P in the saliva could indicate improved dysphagia. Our data suggest that ginger activates TRPV1 and promotes the secretion of substance P in saliva. Ginger is therefore expected to serve as a functional agent for improving dysphagia.

scholarly journals The Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 Is Associated with Active Inflammation in Ulcerative Colitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Jesús Toledo-Mauriño ◽  
Janette Furuzawa-Carballeda ◽  
Marco A. Villeda-Ramírez ◽  
Gabriela Fonseca-Camarillo ◽  
Daniela Meza-Guillen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential ◽  
Receptor Potential ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Gene And Protein Expression ◽  
Transient Receptor ◽  
Active Inflammation

The transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) may play a role in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC). The aim of the study was to determine the gene and protein expression of TRPV1 in UC patients and noninflamed controls. Gene expression was performed by RT-PCR, and protein expression was performed by immunohistochemistry. The gene expression of TRPV1 was significantly increased in the remission UC group compared to active UC patients (P=0.002), and an upregulation of the TRPV1 gene was associated with clinical outcomes such as age at diagnosis (<40 years) (P=0.02) and clinical disease course characterized by relapsing and continuous activity (P=0.07). TRPV1 immunoreactive cells were conspicuously higher in all intestinal layers from active UC patients compared with noninflamed control tissue. These findings suggest that TRPV1 might be involved in UC pathogenesis.

Oxtr/TRPV1 expression and acclimation of skeletal muscle to cold-stress in male mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Conte ◽  
Adele Romano ◽  
Michela De Bellis ◽  
Maria Luisa De Ceglia ◽  
Maria Rosaria Carratù ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential ◽  
Receptor Potential ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Transient Receptor ◽  
Immunohistochemical Studies ◽  
Circulating Levels

We explored the involvement of Oxytocin receptor (Oxtr)/ Transient-receptor-potential-vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) genes and Oxytocin (Oxt) on the adaptation of skeletal muscle to cold stress challenge in mice. Oxtr expression in hypothalamic paraventricular (PVN), supraoptic nuclei (SON), and hippocampus (HIPP) were evaluated by immunohistochemistry in parallel with the measurement of circulating Oxt. The Oxtr and TRPV1 gene expression in Soleus (SOL) and Tibialis Anterior (TA) muscles were investigated by RT-PCR. Histological studies of the cardiac muscle after cold stress were also performed. Male mice (n=15) were divided into controls maintained at room temperature (RT=24°C), exposed to cold stress (CS) at T=4°C for 6 hours (6h), and 5 days (5d). Immunohistochemical studies showed that Oxtr protein expression increased by 2-fold (p=0.01) in PVN and by 1.5-fold (p=0.0001) in HIPP after 6h and 5d CS, but decreased by 2-fold (p=0.026) in SON at 5d. Both Oxtr and TRPV1 gene expression increased after 6h and 5d CS in SOL and TA muscles. Oxtr vs TRPV1 gene expression in SOL and TA muscles evaluated by regression analysis was linearly correlated following CS at 6h and 5d but not at control temperature of 24+1°C, supporting the hypothesis of coupling between these genes. The circulating levels of Oxt are unaffected after 6h CS but decreased by 0.2-fold (p=0.0141) after 5d CS. This is the first report that Oxtr and TRPV1 expression are upregulated in response to cold acclimation in skeletal muscle. The up-regulation of Oxtr in PVN and HIPP balances the decrease of circulating Oxt.

scholarly journals Antinociceptive Effects of Emodin on CFA-Induced Inflammatory Pain in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2094200
Author(s):  
Wan Ni ◽  
Nianyun Wang ◽  
Shenglan Tian ◽  
Qingbang Xu
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Inflammatory Pain ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Receptor Potential ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Transient Receptor

The effect of emodin on complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA)-induced inflammatory pain in rats and its potential molecular mechanism was investigated. For this, a rat model of inflammatory pain induced by CFA was established and rats were treated with emodin by intraperitoneal injection. The pain threshold was evaluated by the von Frey, thermo hyperalgesia, and cold plate tests. The mRNA expression of transient receptor potential channel ankyrin type-1 ( Trpa1) and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 ( Trpv1) was detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and the level of inflammatory cytokines was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The mechanical and thermal pain thresholds of CFA-treated rats were significantly lower than those of the control rats, while the paw withdrawal responses in response to cold stimulation were higher than that of the control group. Emodin treatment significantly improved CFA-induced hyperalgesia. Further results showed that emodin inhibits the upregulation of Trpa1 and Trpv1 mRNA expression in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) of rats with inflammatory pain compared with the control group. Emodin also significantly reduced the levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in the serum of rats with inflammatory pain. Thus, emodin may inhibit hyperalgesia induced by inflammatory stimulation by downregulating the mRNA expression of Trpa1 and Trpv1 in DRG neurons and reducing the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6.

scholarly journals Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 Protects against Gastric Damage Induced by Ethanol Administration in Mice: Role of TRPV1/Substance P Axis

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Oliveira ◽  
Luan Souza ◽  
Thiago Araújo ◽  
Simone Araújo ◽  
Kerolayne Nogueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential ◽  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Receptor Potential ◽  
Staining Intensity ◽  
Ethanol Administration ◽  
Gastric Injury ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid ◽  
Antioxidant Parameters ◽  
Transient Receptor

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 (DSM) on ethanol-induced gastric injury, and if its possible mechanism of action is related to inhibiting the transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1). We evaluated the effect of supplementing 108 CFU•g body wt−1•day−1 of DSM on ethanol-induced gastric injury. DSM significantly reduced the ulcer area (1.940 ± 1.121 mm2) with 3 days of pretreatment. The effects of DSM supplementation were reversed by Resiniferatoxin (RTX), TRPV1 agonist (3 nmol/kg p.o.). Substance P (SP) (1 μmol/L per 20 g) plus 50% ethanol resulted in hemorrhagic lesions, and DSM supplementation did not reverse the lesion area induced by administering SP. TRPV1 staining intensity was lower, SP, malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitrite levels were reduced, and restored normal levels of antioxidant parameters (glutathione and superoxide dismutase) in the gastric mucosa in mice treated with DSM. In conclusion, DSM exhibited gastroprotective activity through decreased expression of TRPV1 receptor and decreasing SP levels, with a consequent reduction of oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Calcium controls smooth muscle TRPC gene transcription via the CaMK/calcineurin-dependent pathways

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (1) ◽  
pp. C553-C563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Morales ◽  
Amalia Diez ◽  
Antonio Puyet ◽  
Pedro J. Camello ◽  
Cristina Camello-Almaraz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential ◽  
Receptor Potential ◽  
Camp Response Element Binding ◽  
Gene And Protein Expression ◽  
Element Binding Protein ◽  
Transient Receptor ◽  
Trpc Gene

Transient receptor potential protein family C (TRPC) has been proposed as a candidate for channels involved in capacitative Ca2+ entry (CCE) mechanisms, but the modulation of their gene expression remains unexplored. In this study we show that guinea pig gallbladder smooth muscle contains mRNA encoding TRPC1, TRPC2, TRPC3, and TRPC4 proteins whose abundance depends on cytosolic Ca2+ level ([Ca2+]i). Thus lowering the levels of cellular calcium with the chelators EGTA and BAPTA AM results in a downregulation of TRPC1–TRPC4 gene and protein expression. In contrast, activation of Ca2+ influx through L-type Ca2+ channels and Ca2+ release from intracellular stores induced an increase in TRPC1–TRPC4 mRNA and protein abundance. Activation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinases (CaMK) and phosphorylation of cAMP-response element binding protein accounts for the increase in TRPC mRNA transcription in response to L-type channel-mediated Ca2+ influx . In addition to this mechanism, activation of TRPC gene expression by intracellular Ca2+ release also involves calcineurin pathway. According to the proposed role for these channels, activation of CCE induced an increase in TRPC1 and TRPC3 mRNA abundance, which depends on the integrity of the calcineurin and CaMK pathways. These findings show for the first time an essential autoregulatory role of Ca2+ in Ca2+ homeostasis at the level of TRPC gene and protein expression.

scholarly journals The role of calbindin-D28k on renal calcium and magnesium handling during treatment with loop and thiazide diuretics

2016 ◽  
Vol 310 (3) ◽  
pp. F230-F236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien-Te Lee ◽  
Hwee-Yeong Ng ◽  
Yueh-Ting Lee ◽  
Li-Wen Lai ◽  
Yeong-Hau H. Lien
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential ◽  
Receptor Potential ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid ◽  
Thiazide Diuretics ◽  
Ca Transport ◽  
Calbindin D28k ◽  
Transient Receptor ◽  
Transport Molecules

Calbindin-D28k (CBD-28k) is a calcium binding protein located in the distal convoluted tubule (DCT) and plays an important role in active calcium transport in the kidney. Loop and thiazide diuretics affect renal Ca and Mg handling: both cause Mg wasting, but have opposite effects on Ca excretion as loop diuretics increase, but thiazides decrease, Ca excretion. To understand the role of CBD-28k in renal Ca and Mg handling in response to diuretics treatment, we investigated renal Ca and Mg excretion and gene expression of DCT Ca and Mg transport molecules in wild-type (WT) and CBD-28k knockout (KO) mice. Mice were treated with chlorothiazide (CTZ; 50 mg·kg−1·day−1) or furosemide (FSM; 30 mg·kg−1·day−1) for 3 days. To avoid volume depletion, salt was supplemented in the drinking water. Urine Ca excretion was reduced in WT, but not in KO mice, by CTZ. FSM induced similar hypercalciuria in both groups. DCT Ca transport molecules, including transient receptor potential vanilloid 5 (TRPV5), TRPV6, and CBD-9k, were upregulated by CTZ and FSM in WT, but not in KO mice. Urine Mg excretion was increased and transient receptor potential subfamily M, member 6 (TRPM6) was upregulated by both CTZ and FSM in WT and KO mice. In conclusion, CBD-28k plays an important role in gene expression of DCT Ca, but not Mg, transport molecules, which may be related to its being a Ca, but not a Mg, intracellular sensor. The lack of upregulation of DCT Ca transport molecules by thiazides in the KO mice indicates that the DCT Ca transport system is critical for Ca conservation by thiazides.

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