ABSTRAK<br />Sanurus indecora merupakan salah satu hama utama yang<br />menyerang tanaman jambu mete di Propinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat. Di<br />Lombok Timur, hama ini diserang oleh cendawan Synnematium sp.<br />Berdasarkan hal tersebut perlu penelitian untuk mengetahui apakah<br />cendawan tersebut dapat digunakan untuk mengendalikan S. indecora.<br />Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui peranan Synnematium sp.<br />dalam pengendalian S. indecora dilakukan di Desa Pohgading, Kecamatan<br />Pringgabaya dan di Desa Wanasaba, Kecamatan Wanasaba, Kabupaten<br />Lombok Timur dari bulan Juni sampai September 2004. Penelitian terdiri<br />atas dua kegiatan yaitu di tingkat pot (bibit) dan lapang. Penelitian di<br />tingkat pot terdiri atas tiga kegiatan yaitu aplikasi cendawan terhadap telur,<br />nimfa, imago pada bibit jambu mete (10 telur/ serangga/ bibit). Rancangan<br />yang digunakan ialah acak lengkap dengan empat perlakuan dan diulang<br />enam kali. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap jumlah telur atau serangga<br />yang mati karena terserang Synnematium sp. mulai satu sampai tujuh hari<br />setelah perlakuan. Penelitian lapang menggunakan rancangan acak<br />kelompok yang disusun secara faktorial dengan dua macam faktor yaitu<br />pola tanam dan konsentrasi Synnematium sp. Parameter yang diamati<br />adalah populasi S. indecora, tingkat serangan, jumlah bunga hermaprodit<br />sebelum perlakuan dan jumlah buah yang berkembang. Hasil penelitian<br />menunjukkan bahwa cendawan Synnematium sp. yang diaplikasikan pada<br />nimfa S. indecora dan bibit menyebabkan kematian serangga tertinggi<br />mencapai 98,33%. Kematian serangga pada ketiga macam konsentrasi<br />Synnematium sp. baik pada telur, nimfa dan imago tidak berbeda nyata.<br />Dalam penelitian ini konsentrasi terkecil yaitu 20 g/l atau setara dengan<br />konsentrasi spora 1,64 x 10 8 sudah efektif menyebabkan kematian S.<br />indecora. Penurunan populasi S. indecora oleh Synnematium sp. efektif<br />dengan konsentrasi 20 g/l sebesar 24,14% dibandingkan dengan kontrol.<br />Tingkat serangan berkorelasi positif dengan populasi serangga.<br />Kata kunci: Jambu mete, Anacardium occidentale L., hama, Sanurus<br />indecora, pengendalian hayati, Synnematium sp. Nusa<br />Tenggara Barat<br />ABSTRACT<br />The role of Synnematium sp. in controling Sanurus<br />indecora JACOBI (Homoptera : Flatidae)<br />Sanurus indecora is one of major pests attacking cashew plants in<br />West Nusa Tenggara Province. In East Lombok, this insect pest was<br />attacked by fungi of Synnematium sp. Based on that, the experiment was<br />conducted to find out whether the fungi could be used to control S.<br />indecora or not. The objective of the experiment was to examine the role<br />of Synnematium sp. in the controlling S. indecora. It was carried out in<br />Pohgading, Pringgabaya and Wanasaba, District of East Lombok from<br />June to September 2004. The experiment consisted of two activities<br />namely polybag stage and field activities. Polybag stage activities<br />consisted of three activities namely application of Synnematium sp. on<br />eggs, nymphs, adults on seedling (10 eggs/insect/seedling). The<br />experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with four<br />treatments and six replications. Observation was conducted on the number<br />of dead eggs, nymphs and adults attacked by Synnematium sp. from one to<br />seven days after treatment. While field activities used a randomized block<br />design arranged in a factorial with two factors i. e. plant pattern and<br />concentration of Synnematium sp. Parameters observed were population of<br />S. indecora, the degree of attack, the number of hermaphrodite flowers<br />before application and the number of developed fruits. Research results<br />showed that Synnematium sp. sprayed to nymphs of S. indecora and<br />seedling caused the highest mortality of S. indecora that reached 98.33%.<br />Mortality of S. indecora on the three concentrations either on eggs,<br />nymphs and direct application to adults was not significantly different. In<br />this experiment, the smallest concentration i.e. 20 g/l or equivalent with<br />concentration of spore 1.64 x 10 8 was effective to cause the death of S.<br />indecora. The decrease of S. indecora population by Synnematium sp. was<br />effective with concentration of 20g/l as many as 24,14% compared with<br />control. The degree of attack was positively correlated with population of<br />S. indecora.<br />Key words: Cashew, Anacardium occidentale L., pest , Sanurus indecora,<br />biological control, Synnematium sp. Nusa Tenggara Barat
Trapping Activity of Nematode-Trapping Fungus Arthrobotrys dactyloides on the Presence of Sawdust, Microorganisms, and Nematodes
