scholarly journals An experimental study to see the antihypertensive effects of gymnema sylvestre and acorus calamus in wistar rats and its comparison with amlodipine

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Dheeraj Kumar Singh ◽  
Narendra Kumar ◽  
Anjula Sachan ◽  
Preet Lakhani ◽  
Sachin Tutu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Oral Feeding ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Gymnema Sylvestre ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
The Individual

Background: The prevalence of obesity is increasing worldwide. Obesity has a direct correlation with insulin resistance and various cardiovascular diseases like hypertension,dyslipidaemia etc. Hypertension is considered as a major independent risk factor for coronary disease and stroke for all age, race & sex groups. Gymnema sylvestre and Acorus calamus are two well known herbs of traditional system of medicine effective in various diseases.Aims and Objectives: The present study was designed to explore the antihypertensive effects of Gymnema sylvestre (GS) and Acorus calamus (AC), individually as well as in combination, in wistar rats.Materials and Methods: Female wistar rats, weighing between 150- 200 g, were included in the study. They were divided into eight groups with six rats in each group. High Fat diet (HFD) was used to induce hypertension in all the groups except group 1 which was fed with normal rodent diet. Drugs were given to the rats by oral feeding cannula.Results: Feeding rats with HFD for 4 weeks lead to signifi cant increase in the mean systolic blood pressure. Both Gymnema sylvestre and Acorus calamus signifi cantly reduced the systolic blood pressure. Combination of both these (Gymnema sylvestre 200mg/kg and Acorus calamus 200mg/kg) as well as Gymnema sylvestre (200mg/kg) individually has an effect comparable to Amlodipine. Individual drugs had no signifi cant effect on heart rate while the combination of these two drugs signifi cantly reduced the heart rate.Conclusions: The present study concludes that extracts of Gymnema sylvestre and Acorus calamus has a signifi cant antihypertensive action in rodent model of hypertension. Combination is found superior to the individual drugs.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(3) 2017 11-15

The Influence of Neonatal Treatment with Guanethidine on the Development of Isolation-Induced Hypertension in Adult Rats

1983 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 469-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Gardiner ◽  
T. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Neonatal Treatment ◽  
Induced Hypertension ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous

1. Rats housed individually in glass metabolism cages develop hypertension. Since previous experiments have provided some evidence for the involvement of the sympathetic nervous system in the maintenance of the hypertension, the present work was designed to explore the possible involvement of the sympathetic nervous system in the genesis of isolation-induced hypertension. 2. Male and female Wistar rats were treated neonatally with guanethidine, with a protocol designed to produce an extensive peripheral sympathectomy; control rats received saline. 3. The effects of isolation on systolic blood pressure and fluid and electrolyte balances were studied when the rats were mature. 4. Guanethidine-treated rats did not develop hypertension in response to isolation whereas control rats did. 5. There were no significant differences between the fluid and electrolyte balances of the guanethidine-treated rats compared with controls throughout the period of isolation. 6. It is concluded that a fully functional sympathetic nervous system is required for the development of isolation-induced hypertension, but its involvement is not through a modulation of renal function.

Dietary linoleic acid and salt-induced hypertension

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (8) ◽  
pp. 872-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murray C. Macdonald ◽  
Robert L. Kline ◽  
Gordon J. Mogenson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Significant Elevation ◽  
Dietary Linoleic Acid ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Induced Hypertension ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Male Wistar rats chronically fed a low level (0.41%) of linoleic acid (LA) in the diet as supplied by 5% olive oil developed a significant elevation of systolic blood pressure as compared with rats fed either a medium (4.2%) or high (9.4%) level of dietary LA. Chronic excess intake of NaCl (3.75% in the diet) was associated with a significant elevation of blood pressure on all three diets but a low level of LA in the diet exaggerated the salt-induced hypertension. The results suggest that inadequate dietary LA may result in an increase in systolic blood pressure regardless of the sodium content of the diet.

Experimentally produced porphyria in animals

1955 ◽  
Vol 143 (911) ◽  
pp. 257-279 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Rabbit Liver ◽  
Acute Porphyria ◽  
Poor Appetite ◽  
Porphyrin Metabolism ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Individual

The chemical findings of Schmid & Schwartz (1952) in experimental porphyria of rabbits induced by sedormid have been confirmed. Since sedormid is hypnotic, a group of related drugs has been tested to find one which might produce the chemical picture in animals without hypnosis. Such a drug is allyl- iso propyl-acetamide (A.I.A.). In this investigation, the constant chemical structure affecting porphyrin metabolism was found to be CH 2 =CH—CH 2 —CH R —CO—NH—. Some rabbits excrete large amounts of porphobilinogen and uroporphyrin when given either sedormid or A.I.A., others produce little. It is suggested that the cause of this difference is related to a variability of the individual rabbit liver to deal effectively with those drugs. Rabbits, intoxicated with either drug, became constipated, had poor appetite and lost weight. They did not become paralyzed, nor show any change in systolic blood pressure or in their haematological values. Two fowls, one also given a barbiturate, and nine rats wore intoxicated with allyl- iso propyl-acetamide. Although these animals excreted relatively high levels of porphobilinogen and porphyrins, they did not develop paralysis. The experimentally induced porphyria in animals is compared with hum an acute porphyria. The effects are described of reticulo-endothelial blockade, splenectomy and barbiturate administration on porphyria induced experimentally in rabbits. Experimental porphyria appears to be due to an overproduction of porphyrins, rather than to an under-utilization of porphyrin pigments. An atypical porphobilinogen reaction is described. It is present in the early stage of drug intoxication in rabbits and has also been noted in human acute porphyria at low levels of porphobilinogen excretion.

Abstract 220: Exercise Training Attenuates Hypertension and Insulin Resistance in Old Fructose-fed Ovariectomized Rats

Hypertension ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline F Machi ◽  
Nathalia Bernardes ◽  
Daniele S Dias ◽  
Ivana C Moraes-Silva ◽  
Fernando Dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Physical Capacity ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Ovarian Hormone ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Hormone Deprivation

Menopause and aging are associated with a gradual increase in systolic blood pressure. Poor eating habits through food containing fructose, have also been related to alterations in the cardiovascular system; however, there are few studies available in the literature relating exercise training (ET), menopause, aging and metabolic syndrome. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of ET in ovarian hormone deprivation and/or fructose consumption in old Wistar rats. Female Wistar rats (24 months old) were ovariectomized, fed with fructose (100g/L in drinking water) or normal water, and submitted to an ET protocol in treadmill (1 h/day; 5 days/wk for 8 wk, ~ 40-60% of maximum test) or kept sedentary. The groups were: ovariectomized (O, n= 8), ovariectomized trained (OT, n= 8), ovariectomized fructose (OF, n= 8) and ovariectomized fructose trained (OFT, n= 8). Glycemia, triglycerides, adipose tissue, insulin resistance, physical capacity and blood pressure (BP) were evaluated at the end of the protocol. While the glycemia values remained within the normal range (O:90.1±7.; OT:85.2±2; OF:86±2; OFT:80.6±3 mg/dl) and the triglycerides values were increased in OF group (OF:182±20 vs. O:140.3±9; OT:143.5±7;; OFT:140 ±12 mg/dl). The physical capacity was increased in both OFT (1.8±0.1 Km/h) and OF (1.6±0.07 Km/h) when compared with sedentary peers (O:1.1±0.05; OF: 1.1±0.05 Km/h). The metabolic results showed that ET decreased the adipose tissue in (OT: 6.7±0.9 and OFT: 5.28±0.6 vs. OF: 10.07±0.6 g), and insulin resistance (OT:4.8±0.2 and OFT: 5.0±0.2 vs. OF: 3.2±0.6 mg/dl/%). No differences were observed in O group (O: 6.5±0.8g and 4.5±0.2 mg/dl/min). Finally, ET attenuated the increase in mean BP in both OT and OFT rats (O:119±2; OT 110±2; OF:119±2; OFT: 107±1 mmHg). The same behavior was observed in systolic BP (O:142±2; OT 127±2; OF:143±2; OFT: 129±1 mmHg) and diastolic BP (O:100±2; OT 92±2; OF:98±2; OFT: 89±1 mmHg). In conclusion, low to moderate aerobic ET can attenuate the deleterious effects of ovarian hormone deprivation, and/or fructose consumption, especially the blood pressure increase in old female Wistar rats.

scholarly journals Predictors of Kidney Damage in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dara Kutsyk ◽  
Eugene Sklyarov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Kidney Damage ◽  
Individual Values ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
The Individual

Metabolic syndrome is an epidemic of XXI century. Each of the components of metabolic syndrome (arterial hypertension, hyperglycemia or dyslipidemia) can be a risk factor for chronic kidney disease. However, it remains unknown what plays a key role in the progression of the disease.The objective of the research was to identify early detectors of kidney damage in patients with metabolic syndrome.Materials and methods. The study involved 70 patients with metabolic syndrome. In addition to standard examination methods, markers of endothelial disfunction (hydrogen sulfide and nitrogen monooxide) were measured in venous blood samples and the urine was tested for microalbuminuria. All the patients were divided into 3 groups according to the degree of albuminuria: normoalbuminuria, microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria. To compare the indices between the groups, the Student’s t-test was used; to determine the relationship between the individual values, the Pearson correlation coefficient (r) was applied.Results. The indicator of systolic blood pressure was higher in patients with microalbuminuria compared to those with normoalbuminuria (163.4±14.4 mmHg, versus 153.0±17.7 mmHg; p<0.01). Hydrogen sulfide level was higher in patients with normoalbuminuria (66.8±7.2 µmol). There was a moderate positive correlation between systolic blood pressure and microalbuminuria (r=0.3804; p<0.01) and a moderate negative correlation between hydrogen sulfide and microalbuminuria (r=0.3404; p<0.01).Conclusions. We revealed a decrease in hydrogen sulfide level to 57.4±7.9 µmol in patients with metabolic syndrome. This may be an early predictor of kidney damage. 

scholarly journals DLBS1033 REDUCES BLOOD PRESSURE OF HYPERTENSIVE WISTAR-STRAIN RATS

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Suryono Suryono
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Blood Pressure Reduction ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Lower Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Biomedical Laboratory

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of DLBS1033 on blood pressure reduction in hypertension--induced wistar strain rats. Design used in this study was true experimental design. The study was conducted at Biomedical Laboratory, Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Jember University, and Clinical and Community Pharmacy Laboratory, Pharmacy Faculty, Jember University. Subjects were taken from male Wistar rats aged 2-3 months, weighing 150-200 grams, as many as 22 rats. Intervention samples were induced into hypertension by giving prednisone in a dose of 1.5 mg/kg/day orally and 2% NaCl followed DLBS1033 of 0.5 grams/kgbw/day orally in the treatment group. T test results on systolic blood pressure (p = 0.00), which was <0.05, showing significant differences in systolic blood pressure in treatment groups. It can be concluded that DLBS1033 can lower systolic blood pressure in wistar rats with induced hypertension using prednisone 1.5 mg/kgbw/day and NaCl 2%.

scholarly journals SWIM TRAINING REVERSES SOME EFFECTS OF NANDROLONE DECANOATE IN WISTAR RATS

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-150
Author(s):  
Lilian Cristina Gomes do Nascimento ◽  
José Martins Juliano Eustaquio ◽  
Laís Pereira Mendes ◽  
Rodrigo Otávio dos Santos ◽  
Octávio Barbosa Neto
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Anabolic Steroids ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Nandrolone Decanoate ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Kidney Fibrosis

ABSTRACT Introduction: The indiscriminate use of androgenic steroids may have deleterious effects on human tissue. Objectives: Evaluate the effects of chronic administration of the steroid nandrolone decanoate (DECA) on autonomic cardiovascular modulation, kidney morphometry and the association between these variables in Wistar rats subjected to physical training with swimming. Methods: Thirty-two male Wistar rats aged 20 weeks were distributed among four experimental groups according to the training received: sedentary control (SC), sedentary treated with DECA (SD), trained control (TC) and trained treated with DECA (TD). The hemodynamic parameters, including blood pressure and variations in systolic blood pressure (SBPV) and diastolic blood pressure (DBPV), and kidney morphometry were evaluated. The level of significance adopted was 5%. Results: The SD group had higher baseline SBP and DBP values when compared to the SC, TC and TD groups, which were similar to each other. The rats in the SD group had higher systolic blood pressure (SBPV) and diastolic blood pressure (DBPV) variation values and higher absolute and normalized values in the LF band of the DBPV when compared to the animals in the SC, TC and TD groups. The animals in the SD group had a significantly higher rate of kidney fibrosis compared to the SC, TC and TD groups. There were no significant differences between the sympathetic modulation of SBPV through the LF component and kidney fibrosis. Conclusions: Physical training with swimming was effective in preventing the increase in blood pressure levels and lowering the occurrence of kidney fibrosis in animals treated with anabolic steroids. Level of Evidence IV; Series of cases .

Sex-specific Effects of Spironolactone on Blood Pressure in Gonadectomized Male and Female Wistar Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (04) ◽  
pp. 291-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Michaelis ◽  
P. Hofmann ◽  
F. Götz ◽  
C. Bartel ◽  
T. Kienitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Female Wistar Rats

Validation of the SunTech Medical Advantage Model 2 Series Automated Blood Pressure Module in Pregnancy

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (01) ◽  
pp. 067-073
Author(s):  
Kristin Dotson ◽  
Sarah Anderson ◽  
Stacy Harris ◽  
Lorie Harper ◽  
Alan Tita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Test Device ◽  
Urine Protein ◽  
Noninvasive Blood Pressure ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
The Individual ◽  
In Pregnancy ◽  
Mercury Sphygmomanometer

Objective We sought to validate the SunTech Medical Advantage Model 2 Series with firmware LX 3.40.8 algorithm noninvasive blood pressure module in a pregnant population, including those with preeclampsia. Study Design Validation study of an oscillometric noninvasive blood pressure module using the ANSI/AAMI ISO 81060-2:2013 standard guidelines. Pregnant women were enrolled into three subgroups: normotensive, hypertensive without proteinuria, and preeclampsia (hypertensive with random protein-to-creatinine ratio ≥ 0.3 or a 24-hour urine protein > 300 mg). Two trained research nurses, blinded to each other's measurements, used a mercury sphygmomanometer to validate the module by following the protocol set forth in the ANSI/AAMI ISO 81060-2:2013 standard guidelines. Results A total of 45 patients, 15 in each subgroup, were included. The mean systolic and diastolic differences with standard deviations between the module and the mean observers' measurements for all participants were −2.3 ± 7.3 and 0.2 ± 6.5 mm Hg, respectively. The systolic and diastolic standard deviations of the mean of the individual patient's paired module and observers' measurements were 6.27 and 5.98 mm Hg, respectively. The test device, relative to a mercury sphygmomanometer, underestimated the systolic blood pressure in patients with preeclampsia by at least 10 mm Hg in 24% (11/45) of paired measurements. Conclusion The SunTech Medical Advantage Model 2 Series with firmware LX 3.40.8 algorithm noninvasive blood pressure module is validated in pregnancy, including patients with preeclampsia; however, it may underestimate systolic blood pressure measurements in patients with preeclampsia.

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