scholarly journals Study of the health effects of coal mining on coal mine workers of Baluchistan

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
Salah Uddin Azad
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mine ◽  
Coal Dust ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Coal Field ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Respiratory Illnesses ◽  
Mine Workers

Background: The data on coal mine workers was collected from May 2009 to April 2010.Objective:To study the health issues of coal mine workers. Methods: Two types of data were collected. Primary data was obtained through topographic survey and questionnaire while Secondary data about the health   issues, medical facilities and other allied facilities of coal mine workers of Baluchistan (pakistan) were collected from; Mine& Mineral department of Quetta, hospitals and medicals facilities in coal mine fields. Three mine fields i.e. Mach, So-range-Degari, and Chamalong coal fields were selected and further   subdivided as M1,M2,andM3 at Mach coal field, SD1, SD2 and SD3 at So-range-Degari and C1, C2 and C3 at Chamalong coal field. Results: The average emission of Methane (CH4), Carbon monoxide (CO), and Oxygen (O2) in coal mine fields was 11.8m3/ton, 36ppm and 14% respectively which, exceeded the permissible limits of 1-10m3/ton, 30ppm and 18%. The concentration of coal dust (Carbon and Quartz) was 4-5mg/m3 and 0.35mg/m3 respectively as against the threshold limits of 2mg/m3  and 0.05-0.1 mg/m3  for 8 hours daily and 40 hours/week. Due to high concentration of coal dust the miners experienced headache, irritation in throat, nose  and eyes, drowsiness, shortness  of breath, nausea, pneumoconiosis, tuberculosis, chronic obstructive bronchitis, heart problems, and other respiratory illnesses. The coal  water and slurry was disposed off in an unconfined area causing contamination of drinking water leading to symptoms of indigestion and diarrhea to the miners. Conclusion: Government of Baluchistan and coal mine owners should take concrete steps to improve the adverse health impacts of coal miners. 

scholarly journals A study on work characteristics and morbidity pattern of coal mine workers in South India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 3190
Author(s):  
Rajashekar Neelakanti ◽  
Priyanka Sriramula
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mine ◽  
South India ◽  
Coal Dust ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
Work Characteristics ◽  
Coal Miners ◽  
Working Pressure ◽  
National Prevalence ◽  
Mine Workers

Background: Globally, coal mining is one of the dangerous occupations which leads to hazardous effects to coal mine workers due to production and dispersion of coal dust. These workers face more survival and working pressure than normal workers. Hypertension, diabetes and chronic respiratory symptoms are more prevalent in coal miners than normal population. This study was conducted with the objective to know the working pattern of coal mine workers and to know their habits and morbidity pattern.Methods: A descriptive study was conducted in one of the coal mines during October 2016 to December 2017. 846 coal mine workers were included in the study.Results: 480 (56.74%) workers belong to the age group of 50-60 yrs. Present study includes 696 underground mine workers and 150 surface workers. 222 (26.23%) workers had a habit of smoking, alcohol consumption is seen in 96 (11.35%) of surface workers and 480 (56.73%) of underground workers. In present study prevalence of hypertension is 19.15%, prevalence of diabetes is 16.31% and the prevalence of symptoms of chronic respiratory disease is 28.38%.Conclusions: The current study has shown a higher prevalence of diabetes than national prevalence and showed a lesser prevalence of hypertension than national prevalence which may be probably due to other causes rather than occupational stress alone. Morbidity is more than the normal population hence health education is done among workers regarding chronic diseases and their risk factors.

scholarly journals Coal Dust-Induced Systematic Hypoxia and Redox Imbalance among Coal Mine Workers

ACS Omega ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (43) ◽  
pp. 28204-28211
Author(s):  
Aima Iram Batool ◽  
Naima Huma Naveed ◽  
Mehwish Aslam ◽  
Juliana da Silva ◽  
Muhammad Fayyaz ur Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mine ◽  
Coal Dust ◽  
Redox Imbalance ◽  
Mine Workers

scholarly journals The Impact of Haze on Healthcare Utilizations for Acute Respiratory Diseases: Evidence From Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafiz Jaafar ◽  
Amirah Azzeri ◽  
Marzuki Isahak ◽  
Maznah Dahlui
Keyword(s):  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Respiratory Illnesses ◽  
Acute Respiratory Diseases ◽  
The Impact

Haze imposes a substantial disease burden on the human population especially in the Southeast Asia region due to the high frequency of haze episodes. The reduction of air quality levels by haze has resulted in a substantial disease burden and an increase in healthcare utilization (HU). This study aims to determine the association between haze and HU of haze-related respiratory illnesses with a focus given on the acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma (AEBA) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). A cross-sectional study was conducted through secondary data collection of haze/non-haze episodes as the study exposures and HU related to the exacerbation of bronchial asthma and COPD as the study outcomes. Data on haze/non-haze episodes and HU for four consecutive years (2012–2015) were retrieved from the Department of Environment and Ministry of Health Malaysia, respectively. In the four consecutive years, the percentage of haze episodes recorded in all stations was higher (67%) as compared to non-haze (33%) episodes. Means (SD) of patients diagnosed with AEBA and AECOPD were also significantly higher (p < 0.05) for inpatient 74 (62.1) and outpatient 320 (650.1) cases during haze episodes as compared to inpatient 34 (16.5) and outpatient 146 (170.5) cases during non-haze episodes. Findings from this study indicated that haze episodes incurred a significant healthcare burden due to an increase in HU. The evidence from this study will help the policymakers to prepare and allocate resources to control future implications of haze-related illnesses.

scholarly journals Carpet Weaving Occupation in Kashmir: An Analysis of Socio-economic Conditions of Carpet Weavers of Pulwama District

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
Ishfaq Majeed ◽  
Mohammad Swalehin
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Carpet Industry ◽  
Depth Study

The carpet industry of Kashmir occupies an important place in handicrafts. The carpet Industry plays a significant role in the economic development of the rural areas. Carpet weaving in Kashmir is largely practiced in the informal sector. It contributes significantly by providing employment opportunities to the rural people in Kashmir. The present paper attempts to make an in depth study of socio-economic conditions, problems and challenges of carpet weavers in Pulwama district of Jammu and Kashmir. The study is based on both, primary and secondary data sources. The primary data is gathered through interview schedule. The study revealed that the situation of carpet weavers is not satisfactory due to low education level, health issues, low wages, lack of government support and exploitation by the middleman/master weaver.

scholarly journals Health Accessibility and Vulnerability among Marginalized Communities: A Study in Urban Slums in Kerala

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
M. M. Rajeev
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Urban Slums ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Marginalized Communities ◽  
The People

The living environments and its direct impact on health and related areas are much significant in the socio- economic and environment studies. The vulnerability of the any marginalized sections of the societies needs to be studied and refereed for a change. As far as concerned, the slums are considerably disadvantaged to inadequate health, contaminated water sources, poor sanitation, unhygienic environment and poor quality of living. The census 2011 defines a slum as “residential areas where dwellings are unfit for human habitation” because they are dilapidated, cramped, poorly ventilated, unclean, or “any combination of these factors which are detrimental to the safety and health” (Census, Govt of India, 2011). Roughly 1.37 crore households, or 17.4% of urban Indian households lived in a slum in 2011, data released by the registrar general and census commissioner’s office showed. The new data is difficult to compare with previous years, because the 2011 Census covers all 4,041 statutory towns in India, as compared to 2001 when only statutory towns with population over 20,000 were covered. The 2001 data had set India’s slum population at 15% of the total population. The objectives of the study are (1) to understand the major health issues existing in the urban slum (2) to understand the involvement of government and other stakeholders in addressing the multiple issues in the slums (3) to find out the major preventive strategies for addressing the various health issues in the urban slums (4) to highlight possible suggestions to improve the health conditions of the people living in the slums. The methodology employed in the study is analytical, based on a combination of qualitative and quantitative data generated through purposive sampling techniques as well as through focus groups discussions and interactions with stakeholders. A descriptive design was adopted for the study. The universe of the study consists of the two slums in Kollam Corporation. The researcher used random sampling method for selecting the samples and the researcher elicited primary data through questionnaire and for secondary data books, magazines and internet facilities were used. The total sample size is 120 respondents from 2 slums in Kollam district. The collected data from the respondents were tabulated and interpreted and later analyzed. The findings highlighted the slum dwellers need to make aware of the need for improvement in living conditions, and they must readily involve themselves with every phase of the rehabilitation. Practical and innovative approaches need to be put into practice to integrate slums within the cities. Governments need to pay more attention to slums and make concerted attempts to address this problem proactively.

scholarly journals Sleep disorders and associated factors in children with cerebral palsy

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 179-85
Author(s):  
Sari Wardhani Mahligai Patery ◽  
Sunartini Sunartini ◽  
Retno Sutomo
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Sleep Habit ◽  
Spastic Quadriplegia ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy

Background Sleep disorders are a condition affecting quality and quantity of sleep. Children with cerebral palsy (CP) have higher risk of sleep disorders than those with no chronic disease. Objective To determine the prevalence and factors associated with sleep disorders in children with CP. Methods We conducted an analytic, observational study with cross-sectional design in children aged 4-10 years with CP. Subjects were recruited consecutively; children with chronic diseases (cardiovascular, malignancy, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and diabetes mellitus) were excluded from the study. Primary data including sociodemographics, intensity of physiotherapy outside Sardjito General Hospital (SGH), sleep hygiene, and sleep disorders were collected from the Children’s Sleep Habit Questionnaire (CSHQ). Secondary data were acquired from medical records, such as type of CP, severity of motor function impairment, presence of epilepsy, intensity of physiotherapy performed at SGH, as well as anti-epileptic, anti-spastic, and sleep-affecting medicines. Results We found sleep disorders in 64 of 75 (85%) subjects, mostly bedtime resistance (66%). Spastic quadriplegia (OR=3.63; 95%CI 1.82 to15.94) and presence of epilepsy (OR=7.82; 95%CI 1.53 to 39.84) were significantly associated with sleep disorders in children with CP aged 4-10 years. Conclusion Sleep disorders are common in children with CP, with the majority experiencing bedtime resistance. Sleep disorders are more prevalent in subjects with spastic quadriplegia and epilepsy.

Nilai-Nilai Pendidikan Akhlak dalam Al-Qur’an

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-295
Author(s):  
Sri Waluyo
Keyword(s):  
Moral Education ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
The Core ◽  
Primary Data Source ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Data Source

This paper discusses the content of Q.S. al-Baqarah ([2]: 67-73). The data used in the preparation of this paper is the data that is primary and secondary. The primary source is data obtained from the core source. In conducting a study of a verse, it is clear that the primary data source is derived from the Qur'an,precisely on Q.S. al-Baqarah ([2]: 67-73). Secondary data is dataobtained from other sources that are still related to the problemand provide interpretation of the primary source. The method usedin analyzing this paper is the tahlili method. This method describesthe meaning contained by the Qur'an, verse by verse, and letterafter letter according to the order in the Mushaf. The descriptionincludes the various aspects which the interpreted verses contain,such as the meaning of the vocabulary, the connotation of thesentence, the background of the verse down, its relation to otherverses, both before and after. And do not miss the opinion that hasbeen given regarding the interpretation of these verses, whetherdelivered by the Prophet, companions, the tabi'in, as well as othercommentators. This study shows that in Q.S. (2): 67-73) there arevalues of moral education which include: 1) morals in asking, (2)morals to parents, (3) patience of educators, (4) educator honesty,and (5) obedience of learners.

Analisis Pengaruh Kecerdasan Intelektual Terhadap Kemampuan Akuntansi dengan Kecerdasan Emosional dan Spiritual sebagai Pemoderasi

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ria Manurung
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Graduate Program ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Spiritual Intelligence ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Moderating Variables ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Independent Variable

Research conducted to obtain empirical evidence how the influence of independent variables of intellectual intelligence to accounting with moderating variables of emotional and spiritual intelligence. The research method used is descriptive quantitative with explanatory descriptive or explanatory research. This method is an explanatory research that proves the existence of causal relationship of independent variable (independent variable) that is intellectual intelligence; moderating variable (emotional and spiritual intelligence); and dependent variable (accounted dependent variable). Research begins by conducting library search, followed by primary data collection conducted by using questionnaires and secondary data through data analysis. And for the use of data analysis consists of descriptive analysis, classical assumption test and verification analysis with the method of Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). This study is a census study with homogeneous and limited population of 92 students, all students of Accounting Graduate Program at UNSOED. Conclusion of research result that is: (1) Intellectual intelligence have influence either positively or signifikan to accountancy. Thus intellectual intelligence can lead students to more easily understand accounting, (2) Intellectual intelligence can be strengthened by emotional intelligence on accounting both positively and significantly. (3) Spiritual intelligence can strengthen the influence of intellectual intelligence on accounting both positively and significantly.

The Design Medan Concert Hall with Metaphor Architecture Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
Vinky Rahman ◽  
Muhammad Khairy Humaizy
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Traditional Music ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Support Design ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Sound Control ◽  
Strategic Location ◽  
Big City ◽  
Design Ideas

The theater usually has an attractive form to attract the attention of visitors and also has good sound control in the auditorium so as not to cause sound distortion. Performances in Medan are still inadequate to accommodate international performances. Particularly in Medan, the enthusiasm of the community towards art tends to be high, but the facilities of the place lack to accommodate performances. Data collection methods are carried out by collecting primary data through a process of field comparative study and secondary data through literature studies & comparative studies. The design approach used in design studies are analyzing the physical, conditions around the site, potential, the limits that exist on the site, Site and environmental approaches are analysis of site conditions and the best solutions, the user approach is building analysis to meet the need for facilities and quality in accommodating the show, literature studies related to titles and themes and theories that support design ideas. The Metaphor is chosen as a truss design theme to convey the shape of building design by combining metaphorical forms of buildings and the prominence of the same metaphorical theme in the building to those who visit and see buildings to prevent sound distortions by using porous materials. Medan is a big city in Indonesia as a design area with consideration of a strategic location. It is expected that with the presence of this performance center, domestic and foreign tourists and especially Medan people themselves can enjoy the comfort and get to know traditional music and dance in Indonesia.

Kepemimpinan Demokratis Kepala Sekolah dalam Meningkatkan Prestasi di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Model Palangka Raya

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
Shanty Bahar Ising ◽  
Mujiono Mujiono
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Democratic Leadership ◽  
Model State ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Secondary Data Sources ◽  
Conceptual Skills ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Teacher Trainer

This study aims to find out, describe and analyze the democratic leadership of the Principal in improving achievement at the Palangka Raya Model State Madrasah (MAN). The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The researcher wanted to describe the Principal's democratic leadership in improving achievement at the Palangka Raya Model State Islamic Senior High School (MAN). Primary data sources (person) are the Principal, Teachers (Teachers) and Students of MAN Model Palangka Raya. Whereas secondary data sources are the data in the Palangka Raya Model MAN and supporting literature. The results of the study show that the Principal's leadership in improving achievement in the Palangka Raya Model MAN is very democratic, this condition can be seen from: (1) Principals are happy to receive suggestions, opinions and even criticism from subordinates both delivered by students and teachers through suggestion boxes and in the teacher council meeting, (2) the Principal always strives to prioritize teamwork cooperation in an effort to achieve the goal by appointing the instructor teacher, trainer teacher and mentor teacher and conducting deliberation in planning, implementing and evaluating activities, (3) the Principal always tries to make subordinates more success than him, which is realized by including teachers in seminars, workshops, training and competitions so that they get achievements both locally and nationally, and (4) Principals always try to develop their personal capacity as good leaders in conceptual skills, human skill and technical skill.

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