scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on Prevention of Catheter-associated UTI among Nurses of a Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
Rashmi K.C. ◽  
Binita Dhakal
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Urinary Catheter ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Tract Infections

Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is among the common bacterial infections worldwide and approximately 80% are associated with a urinary catheter. Catheter-associated UTI (CAUTI) has been associated with increased mortality, morbidity, length of hospital stay and the best way of CAUTI prevention is to adhere to recommended guidelines on infection control in the use of a urinary catheter. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among the nurses of college of medical sciences. A total of 160 staff nurses were selected using a probability simple random sampling technique. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire for knowledge, Likert scale for attitude, and checklist for practice regarding the prevention of CAUTI. The data gathered was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS software. Results: Among the total of 160 participants, most of the nurses 59.37% had moderate knowledge and 16.25% had adequate knowledge towards the prevention of CAUTI. The positive attitude of nurses was 41.88% and the majority of nurses 64.38% had a good level of practice. Also, age (p=0.022), professional qualification (p=0.001), designation (p=0.001), current area of practice (p=0.030) and previous information towards CAUTI prevention (p=0.003) among all the socio-demographic variables were statistically significant with the level of knowledge regarding the prevention of CAUTI. Conclusion: Majority of nurses level of knowledge was not satisfactory and had a negative attitude regarding CAUTI prevention. This indicates that the implementation of an educational program is needed to enhance nurses' knowledge regarding catheter management to improve quality care. Keywords: attitude; catheter-associated urinary tract infections; CAUTI; practice; UTI

scholarly journals Multidrug-resistant urinary tract isolates of escherichia coli: Frequency and patient demographics in a Tertiary Care Hospital.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (02) ◽  
pp. 335-340
Author(s):  
Salman Azhar ◽  
Muhmmad Wasif Baig ◽  
Shahid Rasool ◽  
Rizwan Rasool Khan ◽  
Talha Munir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Patient Demographics ◽  
Tract Infections

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a major burden to the health care as it is estimated that around 150 million UTIs occur yearly worldwide. Enterobacteriaceae are the most common agent causing serious urinary tract infections; and MDR cases are increasing day by day. Objectives: To determine the frequency and patient demographics of multidrug resistant urinary tract isolates of Escherichia Coli in a Tertiary Care Hospital. Study Design: Retrospective cross sectional study. Setting: Medicine Department of Madinah Teaching Hospital / The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad. Period: From May 2016 to Sep 2018. Material & Methods: 187 patients of age 15 to 90 years with positive E. coli on urine culture and sensitivity were included in this Retrospective cross sectional study. All those patients with history of dysuria (pain during urination) or frequent urination (more than 7 times per day) were advised urine complete analysis and those with >5 WBCs or pus cells /HPF or having positive for leukocyte esterase and/or nitrite, were advised urine culture and sensitivity. Main outcome variable was the frequency of MDRE cases among the culture positive E. coli UTI patients. Results: Among all the cases of E. coli UTI, frequency of MDRE UTI was 66.8% (n=125) and rest 33.2% (n= 62) cases were not MDR UTI. 97.3% patients were resistant to lactam antibiotics, 95.7% were resistant to quinolones and 68.4% were resistant to aminoglycosides.

scholarly journals Risk Factors and Outcomes of Bacteremia Caused by Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacterales Compared to Carbapenem Susceptible Enterobacterales

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fasih Ali Ahmed ◽  
Omair Ahmed ◽  
Sameer Ahmad Khan ◽  
Naveera Khan ◽  
Sara Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Severity Of Illness ◽  
Central Line ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract BackgroundDue to shrinking therapeutic options, infections due to Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) are an urgent threat in healthcare systems. We compared the risk factors and outcomes of bacteremia secondary to CRE with bacteremia secondary to carbapenem susceptible Enterobacterales (CSE).MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study on patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan between 2013 and 2016. Patients with CRE bacteremia were matched to those with CSE bacteremia while excluding those with polymicrobial cultures.ResultsA total of 131 patients were enrolled (65 CRE and 66 CSE) with the mean age of 51.8 years and 57.1 years in CRE and CSE groups respectively. Compared with CSE, CRE bacteremia was more likely to occur in patients with Diabetes Mellitus or those with a tracheostomy (P = 0.002 and 0.014, respectively). The most common source of CRE bacteremia was central line associated (24.6% of all cases) as opposed to urinary tract infections in those with CSE bacteremia (62.1% of all cases). Fewer patients with CRE bacteremia received appropriate antibiotics (72.3% vs. 81.8%). Mortality was significantly higher in the CRE group (41.5% vs. 12.1%, P = 0.001) even when adjusted for the severity of illness using the PITT-bacteremia score. Increased mortality was also associated with central venous catheterization in both groups. The median length of hospital stay was longer in patients with CRE (8 vs. 6 days, P = 0.021)ConclusionCRE bacteremia was associated with central lines and led to significantly higher mortality and length of stay.

scholarly journals Prevalence of microorganisms causing catheter associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) among catheterised patients admitted in a tertiary care hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 2367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinoth M. ◽  
Prabagaravarthanan R. ◽  
Bhaskar M.
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in Indian subjects, affecting all age groups. Bacteriuria orcandiduria is almost inevitable in nearly half of the patients who require an indwelling urinary catheter for more than 5 days. The objective of this study was to find the prevalence of CAUTI infection and to determine their antibiotic profileMethods: The present cross-sectional study included 50 patients admitted to medicine and surgery wards in our hospital. The urine from catheter is collected from each patient and subjected to culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing.Results: The prevalence of catheter associated urinary tract infection in our hospital is about 20% and asymptomatic bacterial colonization is 50% which is nearequal to Danchaivijitr S et al study. The common pathogens found in this study are Escherichia coli (22%), Klebsiella (18%), Enterobacter (8%), Staph. aureus (6%) which include MRSA (4%), Pseudomonas (6%), Enterococcus (4%), Candida sps. (4%) Andproteus (2%).Conclusions: CAUTI has low prevalence 20% and asymptomatic colonisation 50% in our hospital with common pathogen being Escherichia coli. It is one of the important notable pathogen causing nosocomial infection among admitted patients. The patients present mainly as asymptomatic bacterial colonisation and risk of CAUTI increases with longer duration of catheterisation. All patients those who had catheter for more than 6 days, aged 60 and above, should be checked for UTI symptoms. And their urine should be cultured regularly in order to diagnose and prevent CAUTI and its complications which are very dangerous and difficult to treat.

Spectrum and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Bacteria Causing Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Sadia Afroz ◽  
Zakir Hossain Habib ◽  
Syed Muhammad Baqui Billah ◽  
Hasina Akhter ◽  
Hosne Jahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Evaluation Studies ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections encountered by clinicians particularly in developing countries. Current knowledge on antimicrobial resistance pattern is essential for appropriate therapy. The aim of the present study was to identify the causative organisms for UTI and to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of organisms causing UTI. Method: This cross sectional study was carried out in the department of Microbiology, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka, from a period of January 2014 to December 2014. Results: Out of 2136 clinical sample of urine, 430 (20.1%) showed significant bacterial growth. Escherichia coli was the commonest urinary pathogen (76.3%), followed by Pseudomonas spp. (7.9%), Proteus spp. (7.2%), Klebsiella spp., Citrobacter spp. (1.9% each) and Staphylococcus aureus (1.6%). Isolated uropathogens showed highest resistance for Amoxycillin (86%-97%) and Cefradin (71%-100%), resistance rate for other commonly used antimicrobial agents was high; Cefixime (52%-85%), Ceftriaxone (50%-71%), Ciprofloxacin (50%-88%), Cotrimoxazole (50%-75%), Gentamicin (57%-75%) and Nitrofurantoin (43%-100%), while uropathogens were least resistant to Imipenem (0%-15%) and Amikacin (0%-29%). Conclusion: Due to high degree of resistance to commonly used antimicrobials to treat UTI, routine monitoring and evaluation studies should be conducted to update physicians’ knowledge about most effective antibiotics for treatment of UTI. Journal of Surgical Sciences (2019) Vol. 23 (1) : 13-18

scholarly journals Isolation, identification and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Escherichia coli isolated from various clinical sample in a tertiary care hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1774
Author(s):  
Bitopan Das ◽  
Mrinmoy Sarma ◽  
Rohit Kumar ◽  
Palashi Borah ◽  
Sushama Sinha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Escherichia coli is one of the most frequent causes of many bacterial infections, including Urinary Tract Infections (UTI), blood stream infections, otitis media, pneumonia, meningitis, traveler’s diarrhoea, enteric infections and systemic infections. This study was done with the aim to surveying antibiotic sensitivity pattern of isolated Escherichia coli in both sex attended in NIMS Hospital, Jaipur under the taken time period.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 62 Escherichia coli were isolated from various clinical specimens of the patients attending both OPD and IPD. The strains were selected using the laboratory standard methods and culture-specific. The antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method.Results: Out of total 62 isolates of Escherichia coli 26(41.93%) isolates were from male while 36(58.064%) from female patients. Maximum sensitivity were shown by Polymyxin B and Colistin i.c 100% followed by Nitrofuratonin 82.5% followed by Meropenem 79.03%, Aztreonam 72.58%, Piperacillin/ Tazobactam and Ciprofloxacin 61.30%, each Amikacin 56.45%, Imipenem 54.83%, Ofloxacin 45.16%, Cefepime 43.54%, Ceftazidime 38.71%, Gentamycin and Ceftriaxone 37.09% each, Cefotaxime 30.64%, Norfloxacin 27.5%. Maximum resistance shown against Norfloxacin 72.5%, followed by Gentamycin and Ceftriaxone 62.90%, Ceftazidime 61.30%.Conclusions: Escherichia coli infected more in urinary tract infection as compare to other sample in human, and it is common in female than male. Regular monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibility for E.coli is recommended to improve treatment. A changing trend in antibiotic sensitivity profile of the isolates need to be monitored as there is limited availability of newer drugs and the emergence of resistant bacteria far exceeds the rate of new drug development.

scholarly journals Anti-Microbial Resistance in Agents Causing Urinary Tract Infections

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuhair Ali Rizvi ◽  
Ali Murad Jamal ◽  
Ali Hassan Malik ◽  
Naimat Ullah ◽  
Daneyal Arshad
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Patient Department

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDUrinary Tract Infections are usually treated with empirical therapy by physicians based on previous knowledge of predictability of causative agents and their antimicrobial susceptibilities.OBJECTIVEThe objective of this study was to determine the frequency of various pathogens causing urinary tract infections and their antimicrobial susceptibility in patients presenting in out-patient department of a tertiary care hospital.MATERIALS AND METHODSThis descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in Out-Patient department of Urology of Benazir Bhutto Hospital during a period of 6 months from January 2017 to June 2017 after ethical approval from institutional research forum of Rawalpindi Medical University. 1000 patients (12 years old or above) that were clinically suspected for urinary tract infections were included in this study. Patients with co-morbidities like diabetes mellitus, renal pathologies, Immunodeficiency disorders, malignancies and congenital urogenital disorders were also excluded. Recipients of corticosteroid therapy or with a history of intake of broad spectrum antibiotics in previous 15 days were also excluded. Modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method was used for determining the antimicrobial resistance against various antimicrobials.RESULTSA total of 530 (53%) isolates were found to be culture positive for E.coli(77.4%),Klebsiella (6.4%), Enterobacter (6.0%), Pseudomonas (3.8%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (3.4%), Citrobacter (1.1%) and Morganella (0.4%).Antimicrobial resistance against commonly used antimicrobials was alarmingly highCONCLUSIONSurveillance of trends of antimicrobial susceptibility pattern is highly important.

scholarly journals Urinary Catheter Care Approach for Urinary Tract Infection among Nurses in Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Urinary Catheter ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Care Approach ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Common Infection

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common infection in hospital setting, the period of hospital-derived waste that affects individuals today. A significant number of seventy-five percent of urinary tract infections acquired in the hospital are associated with the use of a permanent bladder catheter (IDC), considering that there are about 15-25% chance of an inpatient requiring catheter insertion during your stay [1].

scholarly journals Risk factors for healthcare-acquired urinary tract infections caused by multi-drug resistant microorganisms

2016 ◽  
Vol 144 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 490-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zorana Djordjevic ◽  
Marko Folic ◽  
Jagoda Gavrilovic ◽  
Slobodan Jankovic
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Urinary Catheter ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Large Tertiary Care ◽  
Hospital Morbidity ◽  
Tract Infections

Introduction. Healthcare-acquired urinary tract infections (HAUTI) make up to 40% of all healthcareacquired infections and contribute significantly to hospital morbidity, mortality, and overall cost of treatment. Objective. The aim of our study was to investigate possible risk factors for development of HAUTI caused by multi-drug resistant pathogens. Methods. The prospective case-control study in a large tertiary-care hospital was conducted during a five-year period. The cases were patients with HAUTI caused by multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogens, and the controls were patients with HAUTI caused by non-MDR pathogens. Results. There were 562 (62.6%) patients with MDR isolates and 336 (37.4%) patients with non-MDR isolates in the study. There were four significant predictors of HAUTI caused by MDR pathogens: hospitalization before insertion of urinary catheter for more than eight days (ORadjusted = 2.763; 95% CI = 1.352-5.647; p = 0.005), hospitalization for more than 15 days (ORadjusted = 2.144; 95% CI = 1.547-2.970; p < 0.001), previous stay in another department (intensive care units, other wards or hospitals) (ORadjusted = 2.147; 95% CI = 1.585-2.908; p < 0.001), and cancer of various localizations (ORadjusted = 2.313; 95% CI = 1.255-4.262; p = 0.007). Conclusion. Early removal of urinary catheter and reduction of time spent in a hospital or in an ICU could contribute to a decrease in the rate of HAUTI caused by MDR pathogens.

scholarly journals Incidence of urinary tract infection in febrile children

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 765
Author(s):  
R. Ravikumar Naik ◽  
Venkatesha K. R.
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urine Sample ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Urinary tract infection is diagnosed by the growth of many organisms of a single specimen in the urine with presence of many symptoms. bacteriuria is defined as growth with a colony of >105/ml of a single species in a midstream clean catch urine sample.Methods: A cross sectional study was undertaken in febrile children with urinary tract infection attending Department of Paediatrics, tertiary care hospital, Bangalore during the period January 2017 to December 2017.Results: Out of the 200 children studied, 93 children belonged to the age group of 6 year to 12 year and 57 children belong to 1 year to 6-year age group and 50 children belongs to 12 year to 18-year age group. 97 children showed significant pyuria in centrifuged urine sample of which 49 were males and 48 were females. Majority 45 children were belonging to age group of 6 year to 12 year. Out of 97 children showed significant pyuria in centrifuged urine sample of which 46 children 5-10 cells/HPF and 27 children showed > 10 cells/HPF and 24 cases showed < 5cells / HPF. Out of 200 children, in 29 cases urine culture showed E. coli growth and 51 cases showed no growth.Conclusions: Urinary tract infections are common in childhood. Nearly all UTIs are caused by bacteria that enter the opening of the urethra and move upward to the urinary bladder and sometimes the kidneys.

scholarly journals Trend of Sensitivity Pattern of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli: Five Year Experience at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-105
Author(s):  
Most. Fahmida Begum ◽  
Abu Syed Md. Mosaddek ◽  
Kawser Perveen ◽  
Rezina Karim ◽  
Nurun Nahar Begum
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Urinary tract infections are among the most common bacterial infections caused by pathogens with a decreasing susceptibility to several classes of antimicrobials.Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the trend of sensitivity pattern of Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolated from the urinary tract patients.Methodology: This retrospective study was conducted at Uttara Adhunik Medical College Hospital, Dhaka from 2008 to 2012 for a period of 5(five) years. All patients were within ages 1 month to 80 years, comprising of both male and female, either out or in patients were included as study population. Urine sample was collected and Escherichia coli was isolated and identified as well as the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns was determined.Results: A total number of 16,666 urine samples were collected. No significant changes of susceptibility pattern of Escherichia coli was found to ciprofloxacin, cephradine, ceftriaxone, levofloxacin,  nalidixic  acid,  imipenem  and  meropenem;  however,  significant  change  was  detected  to amoxicillin, amoxiclav, cefixime, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, amikacin, ceftazidime and mecillinam between 2008 and 2012.Conclusion: Trend of sensitivity pattern of Escherichia coli is changing to few important antibiotics.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jssmc.v5i2.20766J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, 2013;5(2):103-105

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