scholarly journals Evaluation of vermicompost and chemical fertilizers on performance of Pak choi (Brassica rapa cv. Hong Tae) and soil biological process

2018 ◽  
pp. 243-250
Author(s):  
K. M. Tripathi ◽  
D. D. Dhakal ◽  
S. C. Sah ◽  
D. R. Baral ◽  
M. D. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Root Length ◽  
The Other ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Microbial Activities ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Pak Choi ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Four Levels

 A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of vermicompost and chemical fertilizers on the performance of Pak choi (Brassica rapa CV. Hong Tae) in Chitwan Nepal during November 2012 to January 2013. Four levels of vermicompost (0, 5, 10 and 15 t/ha) and four levels of NPK equivalent in the form of inorganic fertilizer (100, 50, 25 and 0% of recommended doses of 100:60:60 Kg/ha) in 16 combinations were assessed for yield, yield contributing parameters of Pak choi and microbial activities of soil. All levels of chemical fertilizers increased plant height, leaf number and chlorophyll content of leaves but they had no effect in increasing root length. Chemical fertilizers at 100:60:60 kg NPK/ha increased biological and economic yield of Pak choi. However, all levels of chemical fertilizers were found strongly suppressing in soil microbial activities. Vermicompost on the other hand increased root length, leaf number, biological and economic yield and more significantly increased soil microbial activities resulting in increased level of soil respiration. Chemical fertilizers were effective in increasing plant growth but suppressed microbial activities of soil. Vermicompost on the other hand was effective in long run through slow release of plant nutrients and improving soil health by increased soil microbial activities.Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science. Vol. 33-34, 2015, page: 243-250

scholarly journals Olive mill wastewater effects on durum wheat crop attributes and soil microbial activities: A pilot study in Syria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jehan Khalil ◽  
Hasan Habib ◽  
Michael Alabboud ◽  
Safwan Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Olive Mill Wastewater ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Microbial Activities ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Olive Mill

AbstractOlive mill wastewater is one of the environmental problems in semiarid regions. The main goals of this study were to investigate the impacts of different olive mill wastewater levels on durum wheat (Triticum aestivum var. Douma1) production and soil microbial activities (i.e., bacteria and fungi). A pot experiment was conducted during the growing seasons 2015/2017 to evaluate the effect of three levels of olive mill wastewater on both growth and productivity attributes of wheat. Vertisol soil samples were collected from southern Syria. Two months before wheat cultivation, three levels of olive mill wastewater: T5 (5 L/m 2), T10 (10 L/m2) and T15 (15 L/m 2) were added to pots filled with the collected soil samples. Also, a control (T0) free of olive mill wastewater was considered as a reference. Results showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in germination rate (%), plant height (cm), ear length (cm), kernels number, kernels weight per ear (g) and grain yield (g/m2) compared to control. However, T5 treatment did not induce a significant increase in terms of ear length, kernels weight per ear or yield (in the second season). On the other hand, T10 treatment had recorded the best results compared with the other two treatments (T5, T15). Similarly, the results showed a significant increase in the number of bacterial and fungi cells by increasing olive mill wastewater concentration. This research provides promising results toward using olive mill wastewater in an eco-friendly way under Syrian conditions.

THE EFFECT OF RESIDUAL FERTILIZER COPPER ON AMMONIFICATION, NITRIFICATION AND PROTEOLYTIC POPULATION IN SOME ORGANIC SOILS

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 445-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. MATHUR ◽  
C. M. PRESTON
Keyword(s):  
Soil Enzymes ◽  
Microbial Population ◽  
Soil Extract ◽  
The Other ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Organic Soils ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Soil Microbial Population ◽  
Extracellular Proteolysis

As a part of attempts at examining the suitability of using moderate amounts of Cu for mitigating the undesirably fast decomposition and subsidence of some organic soils, this investigation revealed that both total and DTPA-TEA-extractable Cu contents of 14 samples of cultivated organic soils correlated negatively with the total microbial population counted on soil extract-acitidione-gelatin agar plates and positively with the percentage of that population capable of extracellular proteolysis. On the other hand, the concentrations of both total and extractable Cu did not correlate with either the total number of proteolytic organisms counted, or the capacities of the soils for ammonification and nitrification. The results are, therefore, in accord with the belief that Cu curtails the decomposition of organic soils primarily through inactivation of accumulated soil enzymes, but not through direct toxic effects on the general soil microbial population.

Etude des modes de ramification sympodiale chez Lycopersicum esculentum et L. pimpinellifolium

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 2207-2218 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Silvy
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Second Order ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mature Plant ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Axillary Bud ◽  
Lycopersicum Esculentum ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Macroscopic Observation

In Lycopersicum esculentum Mill, and L. pimpinellifolium Dun. ramification modes of plants with determinate and indeterminate habits are studied by macroscopic observation (apex evolution, phyllotaxis, and leaf number of the different branches of a mature plant) and also by analyzing mutated sectors after seed treatment. While the first inflorescence, a cyme, originates from the greater part of the prefloral apex, the top of which bears the first flower, second-order axes come up at the axils of the last two leaves. In all the varieties, the axillary bud of the second-last leaf produces a sympodial lateral ramification. On the other hand, that of the last leaf, which becomes visible on the side of the prefloral apex, as anticipated, immediately bears a second inflorescence in varieties with determinate habit, but makes up the second-order axis of the main sympodium in varieties with indeterminate habit. The characteristics of these two bud patterns are compared.

scholarly journals Performance of Coconut Hybrids Dwarf X Bido Tall

Buletin Palma ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Hengky Novarianto ◽  
Meity A. Tulalo
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Hybrid Control ◽  
Coconut Palm ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
The Other ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Height Increment ◽  
Brown Dwarf ◽  
Other Hand

The desirable future coconut variety characteristics should include (1) short trunk and low height increment, (2) early bearing, (3) high nut yield, and (4) high neera (coconut sugar sap). High yoelding but short coconut palm statures make it easy to harvest the nuts and tap the neera. The Dwarf coconut varieties are generally early bearing with a low height increment and plenty nuts per fruit bunch. The Bido tall coconut bears fruits as early as three years after planting and with high nut yield, a low height increment and a very short trunk. This study aims to evaluate early vegetative growth (2 – 3 years after planting) of eight coconut hybrids derived from combinations of Dwarfs x Bido tall hybridizations. The arrays of hybrid coconuts consisted of hybridization between three Dwarf coconut varieties by Bido tall generated in 2016, and those between five Dwarf coconut varieties by Bido tall generated in 2017. The KHINA-1 hybrid was used as the standard hybrid control. Results of the evaluation showed the evaluated Waingapu Red Dwarf x Bido tall hybrids have the largest stem girth and the highest plant heightOn the other hand, Aromatic Green Dwarf x Bido tall hybrids showed the highest leaf numbers. However, all hybrid combinations showed the same stem girth diameter at two years after planting. At two and three years after planting, the Raja Brown Dwarf x Bido tall hybrids were the tallest, while the Nias Yellow Dwarf x Bido tall coconut hybrids have the highest leaf number. All of the Dwarf x Bido tall coconut hybrids showed good vegetative performance at two and three years after planting. The differences in early vegetative performances among the evaluated Dwarf x Bido tall might indicate the differences in early bearing, high nut yield and high neera characters of the hybrids.

scholarly journals Effect of spacing on the performance of newly developed Aus rice Var. Binadhan-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-378
Author(s):  
Md Robiul Islam Akondo ◽  
Md Belal Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
The Other ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Other Hand

An experiment was conducted at the experimental farm of BINA Sub-station, Gopalganj to determine the effect of spacing on the yield and yield attributing parameters of rice. Four spacings viz. 15 cm × 15 cm, 20 cm × 15 cm, 20 cm × 20 cm and 25 cm × 20 cm were included in the study. The experimental design was a randomized completely block with three replications. Spacing’s 15 cm × 15 cm, 20 cm × 15 cm, 20 cm × 20 cm and 25 cm × 20 cm were adopted 49, 42, 36 and 30 hills per square meter, respectively. Results revealed that different spacing performed significantly differed yield contributing characters (plant height, panicle length, number of effective and non-effective tillers, number of filled and unfilled grain, grain and straw yield of rice. Results indicated that the highest plant height (83.40 cm), panicle length (19.73), number of effective tillers per hill (11.00), number of total grains per panicle (87.73), number of filled grains per panicle (70.53), root length (16.07 cm), root weight (38.00 g per five plants), harvest index (38%), grain yield (4.19 t ha-1) and straw yield (4.50 t ha-1) were found with 25 cm × 20 cm spacing. On the other hand, maximum number of non-effective tillers per hill (1.60) was found in 15 cm × 15 cm spacing. Results of the present study revealed that 25 cm × 20 cm spacing was found to be the best for obtaining maximum grain yield of aus var. Binadhan-19. Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.6(3): 373-378, December 2019

scholarly journals Growth and Yield of Different Size-Seedling Tubers Derived from True Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Seeds as Influenced by Clump Planting

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-121
Author(s):  
RN Rojoni ◽  
TS Roy ◽  
M D Sarkar ◽  
K Kabir ◽  
A Ullah
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Tuber Size ◽  
The Other ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Four Levels

An experiment was conducted at the Horticulture farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during November 2010 to March 2011. Four levels of seedling tuber size, viz. 6-<7 g (S1), 7-<8 g (S2), 8-<9 g (S3) and, 9-?10 g (S4) and three levels of seedling tuber, viz. 1 hill-1 (N1), 2 hill-1 (N2) and 3 hill-1 (N3) were laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. At harvest, the tallest plant (82.17 cm), highest number of leaves plant-1 (83.30), highest LAI (6.23), tubers weight hill-1 (128.90 g) and tuber yield ha-1 (25.78 t) were found in S4, while the lowest was in S1. On the other hand, the tallest plant (74.91 cm), highest number of leaves plant-1 (74.45), highest LAI (5.41), tubers weight hill-1 (123.95 g) and tuber yield ha-1 (24.79 t) were found in N3, while the lowest was in N1. The tallest plant (85.09 cm), highest number of leaves plant-1 (87.97), highest LAI (6.64), tubers weight hill-1 (138.35 g) and tuber yield ha-1 (27.67 t) were found in S4N3 and the lowest gross tuber yield ha-1(12.83 t) was from S1N1. Large seedling tuber with single seedling tuber hill-1 performed better. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v12i1.19866 The Agriculturists 2014; 12(1) 111-121

scholarly journals Biochemical Status of Stock Plants and Their Annual Sprouts as a Crucial Key for Successful Adventitious Root Formation

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-234
Author(s):  
Gregor OSTERC ◽  
Franci STAMPAR ◽  
Valentina SCHMITZER
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Biochemical Status

Leafy cuttings of Prunus subhirtella Miq. ‘Autumnalis’ were harvested from mature, semi-mature and juvenile stock plants at four dates during the vegetative period 2011 (on 16th of May, on 30th of May, on 20th of June and on 11th of July) and their auxin levels (IAA, IAA-Asp) and sugar content (glucose, sucrose, sorbitol) were quantified. The IAA and IAA-Asp contents in cutting bases increased over the vegetative period, whereby aspartate values were higher than IAA values. The IAA-Asp values ranged from 6.3 µg g-1 to 22.7 µg g-1 FW and reached two great peaks on 30th of May and on 11th of July. The IAA values ranged from 0.29 µg g-1 to 4.51 µg g-1 FW, reaching a small fall on 20th of June. Significantly higher levels of IAA and IAA-Asp were measured at the base of mature cuttings compared to cuttings of semi-mature and juvenile origin, when the cuttings were harvested on 30th of May and on 11th of July. On the other hand, mature leafy cuttings accumulated significantly less fructose and glucose in their root emergence zone (16.3 g kg-1 DW, 45.2 g kg-1 DW) compared to semi-mature cuttings (26.4 g kg-1 DW, 62.5 g kg-1 DW) and juvenile cuttings (27.3 g kg-1 DW, 73.9 g kg-1 DW). All measured rooting parameters (rooting success, number of main roots and root length) were significantly improved when cuttings of a more juvenile origin (semi-mature and juvenile) were used.

‘LEARNED STYLE’ IN TWO LESSING SETTINGS BY HAYDN

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-46
Author(s):  
BALÁZS MIKUSI
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Musical Rhetoric ◽  
Four Levels

This article offers close readings of the part-song Die Beredsamkeit and the solo song Lob der Faulheit. The former seems to illustrate ‘eloquence’ on at least four levels by imitating the intonation of elevated speech, by invoking the so-called ‘learned style’ of music through the introduction of various contrapuntal procedures, by quoting some of the most elementary figures of musical rhetoric (such as the Halbzirkel and the tirata) and by constructing the whole of the work as a well-delivered oration consisting of introduction, statement, corroboration, refutation and reaffirmation. Lob der Faulheit, on the other hand, in which the singer finally proves unable to deliver the praise promised in the title, appears to be an extraordinarily sensitive representation of musical failure. The unnatural and forced character of the song is unmistakable in its intervallic and metric structure, and rises in the melody are invariably followed by precipitous falls. Beyond this straightforward musical illustration, the descending fourth that opens and closes the vocal line may also be programmatic in its seeming reference to the well-known contemporary saying, ‘es wird auf ein Lami hinaus laufen’ (it will run out on a Lami), a forecast of a bad end.

scholarly journals Fish Culture Water and Sludge Applied Via Drip Irrigation Improves Yield of Pak Choi (Brassica rapa L. Chinensis)

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 885A-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.C. Palada ◽  
W. M. Cole ◽  
S.M.A Crossman ◽  
J.E. Rakocy ◽  
J.A. Kowalski
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Fish Culture ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Pak Choi ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Field Production

Using fish culture water and sludge may benefit vegetable production by reducing the need for high-quality irrigation water in areas where water is a limiting resource for agriculture. Fish water and sludge contains nutrients, thereby reducing the need for chemical fertilizers. A study was conducted to integrate fish (tilapia) culture with field production of Pak choi (Brassica rapa L. Chinensis). Water from tilapia culture tanks from which solids were removed (SR) and from tanks with no solid removal (NR) were applied to pak choi 2 to 3 times weekly through a drip system. These treatments were compared with sludge (FS) removed from culture tanks using three methods of irrigation. Conventional methods of fertigation (F) and band fertilizer (B) application were included as control treatments. The trial was conducted for 2 seasons. In the first season, pak choi applied with (FS) produced total yields ranging from 21 to 26 t·ha–l. Pak choi applied with fish water from tanks with (SR) and (NR) produced yields of 19 and 20 t·ha–l, respectively. Pak choi grown with (F) and (B) applications yielded 21 and 20 t·ha–l, respectively. There were no significant yield differences between the (FS) treated and (F) plots. Yield from (FS) treatment was significantly higher than all other treatments except (F). Similar results were obtained during the second season, but total yields from various treatments were 50% higher than the first season. Fish culture water and sludge are therefore good alternative sources of irrigation and fertilizer for pak choi.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the use of vermicompost on the crop production of two varieties of Pak choi (Brassica rapa var. chinensis) and on the soil structure in Suriname

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (02) ◽  
pp. 73-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
YVONNE INDRANI RAMNARAIN ◽  
LYDIA ORI ◽  
ABDULLAH ADIL ANSARI
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Pak Choi ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Ramnarain YI, Ori L, Ansari AA. 2017. Evaluation of the use of vermicompost on the crop production of two varieties of Pak choi (Brassica rapa var. chinensis) and on the soil structure in Suriname. Asian J Agric 1: 73-79. The present research was carried out from January to May 2016 at the Anton de Kom University of Suriname, Paramaribo. The investigation consisted of a field and laboratory study in order to evaluate the effect of vermicompost on crop production of 2 varieties Brassica rapa var. chinensis, white and green Pak choi, nutrient availability in the soil after the use of vermicompost and nutrient value of the crop.The experiment was carried out (completely randomized design) in a greenhouse for six weeks. The treatments were vermicompost (V), cow manure (S), chemical fertilizer (K) and control (C). Plant growth parameters were recorded during the experiment (plant height and number of leaves) and after harvest (root and shoot biomass, leaf area). Nutrient analysis (Ca and Fe) of Pak choi was also conducted followed by pre and post-experiment soil analysis (pH, EC, TOC, N, P, K and C/N ratio). The results were collected and analyzed using Sigma Plot 12.0 tools. In the white Pak choi the number of leaves, root length and weight of fresh plants showed no significant differences among the four treatments using Tukey’s test (P≤0.05). In the green Pak choi the number of leaves and root length showed no significant differences among the four treatments by Tukey’s test (P≤0.05). Furthermore, the soil parameters (pH, OC, N) did not indicate a significant increase or decrease of the elements in the soil. P did decrease significantly and K increase in the treatments in the soil was not relevant.The evaluation of the use of vermicompost on the crop production of 2 varieties of Pak choi (Brassica rapa var. chinensis) proved that the plants treated with vermicompost had similar results as those treated with cow manure and chemical fertilizer.

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