scholarly journals Fish Culture Water and Sludge Applied Via Drip Irrigation Improves Yield of Pak Choi (Brassica rapa L. Chinensis)

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 885A-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.C. Palada ◽  
W. M. Cole ◽  
S.M.A Crossman ◽  
J.E. Rakocy ◽  
J.A. Kowalski
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Fish Culture ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Pak Choi ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Field Production

Using fish culture water and sludge may benefit vegetable production by reducing the need for high-quality irrigation water in areas where water is a limiting resource for agriculture. Fish water and sludge contains nutrients, thereby reducing the need for chemical fertilizers. A study was conducted to integrate fish (tilapia) culture with field production of Pak choi (Brassica rapa L. Chinensis). Water from tilapia culture tanks from which solids were removed (SR) and from tanks with no solid removal (NR) were applied to pak choi 2 to 3 times weekly through a drip system. These treatments were compared with sludge (FS) removed from culture tanks using three methods of irrigation. Conventional methods of fertigation (F) and band fertilizer (B) application were included as control treatments. The trial was conducted for 2 seasons. In the first season, pak choi applied with (FS) produced total yields ranging from 21 to 26 t·ha–l. Pak choi applied with fish water from tanks with (SR) and (NR) produced yields of 19 and 20 t·ha–l, respectively. Pak choi grown with (F) and (B) applications yielded 21 and 20 t·ha–l, respectively. There were no significant yield differences between the (FS) treated and (F) plots. Yield from (FS) treatment was significantly higher than all other treatments except (F). Similar results were obtained during the second season, but total yields from various treatments were 50% higher than the first season. Fish culture water and sludge are therefore good alternative sources of irrigation and fertilizer for pak choi.

scholarly journals Evaluation of vermicompost and chemical fertilizers on performance of Pak choi (Brassica rapa cv. Hong Tae) and soil biological process

2018 ◽  
pp. 243-250
Author(s):  
K. M. Tripathi ◽  
D. D. Dhakal ◽  
S. C. Sah ◽  
D. R. Baral ◽  
M. D. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Root Length ◽  
The Other ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Microbial Activities ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Pak Choi ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Four Levels

 A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of vermicompost and chemical fertilizers on the performance of Pak choi (Brassica rapa CV. Hong Tae) in Chitwan Nepal during November 2012 to January 2013. Four levels of vermicompost (0, 5, 10 and 15 t/ha) and four levels of NPK equivalent in the form of inorganic fertilizer (100, 50, 25 and 0% of recommended doses of 100:60:60 Kg/ha) in 16 combinations were assessed for yield, yield contributing parameters of Pak choi and microbial activities of soil. All levels of chemical fertilizers increased plant height, leaf number and chlorophyll content of leaves but they had no effect in increasing root length. Chemical fertilizers at 100:60:60 kg NPK/ha increased biological and economic yield of Pak choi. However, all levels of chemical fertilizers were found strongly suppressing in soil microbial activities. Vermicompost on the other hand increased root length, leaf number, biological and economic yield and more significantly increased soil microbial activities resulting in increased level of soil respiration. Chemical fertilizers were effective in increasing plant growth but suppressed microbial activities of soil. Vermicompost on the other hand was effective in long run through slow release of plant nutrients and improving soil health by increased soil microbial activities.Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science. Vol. 33-34, 2015, page: 243-250

scholarly journals Edible Insects: Preliminary Study about Perceptions, Attitudes, and Knowledge on a Sample of Portuguese Citizens

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 709
Author(s):  
Sofia G. Florença ◽  
Paula M. R. Correia ◽  
Cristina A. Costa ◽  
Raquel P. F. Guiné
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Regression Tree ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Classification And Regression Tree ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Final Conclusion ◽  
Edible Insects ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Alternative Sources

This study investigated the knowledge, attitudes, consumption habits, and degree of acceptability of edible insects (EI) or derived products among Portuguese consumers. This work consisted of a questionnaire survey, undertaken on a sample of 213 participants. For the treatment of data, basic descriptive statistics were used, complemented with chi-square tests to assess some associations between categorical variables. Moreover, a tree classification analysis was carried out using a classification and regression tree (CRT) algorithm with cross-validation. The results indicated that people tend to have correct perceptions about the sustainability issues associated with the use of insects as alternative sources of protein; however, the level of knowledge and overall perception about their nutritive value is low. Regarding the consumption of EI, it was found that only a small part of the participants had already eaten them, doing it mostly abroad, by self-initiative, in a restaurant or at a party or event. Additionally, it was found that the reluctance to consume insects is higher if they are whole, but when they are transformed into ingredients used in food formulations, the level of acceptance increases. Furthermore, men have shown to have a better perception about EI, be more informed about sustainability, and have a higher level of acceptability when compared to women. As a final conclusion, it was observed that the Portuguese still show some resistance to adhere to the use of insects as replacements for meat products, but the market of insect based products can be a good alternative to overpass the neophobia associated with this type of food.

scholarly journals Stated Preferences for Plant-Based and Cultured Meat: A Choice Experiment Study of Spanish Consumers

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8235
Author(s):  
Alfredo J. Escribano ◽  
Maria Belen Peña ◽  
Carlos Díaz-Caro ◽  
Ahmed Elghannam ◽  
Eva Crespo-Cebada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Choice Experiment ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Experiment Study ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Cultured Meat ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Negative Impacts

Meat production and consumption have been claimed to have negative impacts on the environment, and even on the consumer’s health. In this sense, alternative sources of protein, mainly meat substitutes and cultured meat, have emerged due to those perceived negative effects. Our paper carries out a choice experiment to analyze the preferences of 444 Spanish consumers and their willingness to pay for plant-based and cultured meats, as compared to conventional meat. Spain was considered of interest for this study due to its significant gastronomic culture, with high-quality meat products that make a great contribution to the economy, meaning that this could be a suitable and also challenging market in which to test alternative sources of protein. The findings show that consumers’ motivations and their interactions with these products are complex. Additionally, a cluster analysis allowed us to identify three types of consumers in terms of preference for these products: price-sensitive millennials, conscious/concerned consumers, and indifferent consumers. Only one group showed some level of acceptance of these alternative products meats.

scholarly journals Metabolomic analysis reveals the interaction of primary and secondary metabolism in white, pale green, and green pak choi (Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis)

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeon Ji Yeo ◽  
Seung-A Baek ◽  
Ramaraj Sathasivam ◽  
Jae Kwang Kim ◽  
Sang Un Park
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Pak Choi ◽  
Primary And Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pale Green

AbstractThis study aimed to comprehensively analyze primary and secondary metabolites of three different-colored (white, pale green, and green) pak choi cultivars (Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis) using gas chromatography attached with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOFMS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In total, 53 primary metabolites were identified and subjected to partial least-squares discriminant analysis. The result revealed a significant difference in the primary and secondary metabolites between the three pak choi cultivars. In addition, 49 hydrophilic metabolites were detected in different cultivars. Total phenolic and glucosinolate contents were highest in the pale green and green cultivars, respectively, whereas total carotenoid and chlorophyll contents were highest in the white cultivar. Superoxide dismutase activity, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydraz scavenging, and reducing power were slightly increased in the white, pale green, and green cultivars, respectively. In addition, a negative correlation between pigments and phenylpropanoids was discovered by metabolite correlation analysis. This approach will provide useful information for the development of strategies to enhance the biosynthesis of phenolics, glucosinolates, carotenoids, and chlorophyll, and to improve antioxidant activity in pak choi cultivars. In addition, this study supports the use of HPLC and GC-TOFMS-based metabolite profiling to explore differences in pak choi cultivars.

scholarly journals Identification and Functional Characterization of a Cold-Related Protein, BcHHP5, in Pak-Choi (Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis)

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Jin Wang ◽  
Feiyi Huang ◽  
Xiong You ◽  
Xilin Hou
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Regulation Mechanism ◽  
Pak Choi ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Related Proteins

In plants, heptahelical proteins (HHPs) have been shown to respond to a variety of abiotic stresses, including cold stress. Up to the present, the regulation mechanism of HHP5 under low temperature stress remains unclear. In this study, BcHHP5 was isolated from Pak-choi (Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis cv. Suzhouqing). Sequence analysis and phylogenetic analysis indicated that BcHHP5 in Pak-choi is similar to AtHHP5 in Arabidopsis thaliana. Structure analysis showed that the structure of the BcHHP5 protein is relatively stable and highly conservative. Subcellular localization indicated that BcHHP5 was localized on the cell membrane and nuclear membrane. Furthermore, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis showed that BcHHP5 was induced to express by cold and other abiotic stresses. In Pak-choi, BcHHP5-silenced assay, inhibiting the action of endogenous BcHHP5, indicated that BcHHP5-silenced might have a negative effect on cold tolerance, which was further confirmed. All of these results indicate that BcHHP5 might play a role in abiotic response. This work can serve as a reference for the functional analysis of other cold-related proteins from Pak-choi in the future.

Fertilizer Use in Vegetable Production in Nigeria

1994 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. O. Olasantan
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
High Input ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
The Government ◽  
National Trends

Nigeria is an agricultural country, most of the vegetable needs of its people being provided by small farmers who seldom use high-input technology. Over the last 20 years, there has been an encouraging upward trend in inorganic fertilizer consumption, but it is very difficult to estimate how much of this chemical fertilizer is used for vegetable production. There is a need for information which could be used to monitor national trends in fertilizer use on vegetables so that the government can predict future needs and advise manufacturing industry and farmers accordingly. Although increases in the yield and mineral content of vegetables through the use of chemical fertilizers have been recorded, several problems still preclude their use. Possible ways to overcome the problem and benefit vegetable growers are discussed.

scholarly journals Analysis of Leafy Vegetable Nitrate Using a Modified Spectrometric Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tzu-Hsien Yu ◽  
Shuo-Ping Hsieh ◽  
Chien-Ming Su ◽  
Feng-Jung Huang ◽  
Chien-Che Hung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Method ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Leafy Vegetable ◽  
Spectrometric Method ◽  
Water Spinach ◽  
Pak Choi ◽  
Spike Analysis

A quick and cost-effective method to analyze leafy vegetable nitrate on spectrometry was developed and compared with a standard method using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). This method was designed to use ion-exchange solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridges in reducing interference from organic matrices to meet the criterion of an existing method for analyzing nitrate in wastewater. Nine vegetables (bok coy, cabbage, celery, Chinese cabbage, Chinese kale, lettuce, mustard green, pak choi, and water spinach) were selected for the method testing with three replicates being conducted for each vegetable. The nitrate contents ranged from 800 to 4,300 μg/g, with bok coy, celery, and pak choi being the highest. Data derived from spectrometry and HPLC were close to each other with most relative errors being within ±10% and were highly correlated with an R square value of 0.969. Stability testing and spike analysis resulted in a mean coefficient of variation lower than 6% and a mean recovery rate of 83.7%, suggesting reliability of the method. In addition, both the cost and time consumption for using this method were lower than the standard method using HPLC or ion chromatography, making this spectrometric method a good alternative for analysis of leafy vegetable nitrate.

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