scholarly journals Childhood Poisoning, A Rising Epidemic in Developing Nations: Large Single Centre Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-121
Author(s):  
Shubhankar Mishra ◽  
T.V. Ramkumar ◽  
Ashok Kumar Biswas ◽  
Sambedana Panigrahi
Keyword(s):  
Referral Centre ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Seasonal Incidence ◽  
Small Children ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Phosphorus Poisoning ◽  
Single Centre Study ◽  
Bites And Stings ◽  
Animal Bites ◽  
Poisoning In Children

Introduction: Poisoning is a major problem in children. The aims of this study were to determine the pattern of poisoning in children along with seasonal incidence, duration of treatment and outcome in referral centre of eastern India.Materials and Methods: All the children admitted to paediatric ward of MKCG Medical college and hospital from 1st April 2015 to 31st March 2016 (1 year) with history or suspicion of poisoning and animal bites were included in the study. Brought dead patients and the children with side effects due to ingested drugs in prescribed amount were excluded from the study.Results: Total 530 cases were documented with highest incidence in rainy season. 1-6 years children were mostly vulnerable (42.6%). Accidental mode was the major cause in small children and suicidal, in older. Animal bites and stings (n=241) were the commonest followed by chemical poisonings. Kraits were commonest culprit in snake envenomation group. Alprazolam was most common drug causing drug overdose. Total numbers of death were 27. Major cause of death was organo- phosphorus poisoning (OP) and snakebite. Mean days of hospitalization was 2.5 days and death after hospitalization was 1.8 days.Conclusion: Most of the childhood poisonings were due to accidental cause. Animal bites were mostly due to snakes. Maximum numbers of deaths were due to OP poisoning. Watchful observation, clean and clear environment, understanding the problems of adolescence, friendly atmosphere in home can prevent most of the poisonings and animal bites in children.  

scholarly journals Profile of Organophosphorus Poisoning

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-135
Author(s):  
Joya Debnath ◽  
Arpan Kumar Basak ◽  
Md Zubaidur Rahman ◽  
Anujit Saha
Keyword(s):  
Organophosphorus Compound ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Frequency Pattern ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
The Public ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Phosphorus Poisoning ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Government

Background : Self poisoning with organophosphate pesticides is a major health problem in world wide. Organophosphorus compound poisoning is a very common toxicological emergency encountered at Mirzapur in Tangail. It is particularly common among the rural agricultural worker's which comprise a substantial group of the population of this region.Objective: The objective of this study was to find out the incidence, frequency, pattern of poisoning, outcome and aetiological aspect of Organo phosphorus poisoning patient admitted in Kumudini Women's Medical college Hospital.Methods: A total 366 cases of OPC poisoning were analysed during 1 year from January 2015 to December 2015. The emphasis was given on age, sex, socio-economic status, occupation, motive of poisoning, types of compound consumed its quality, place, distance from referral place and the ultimate outcome.Results: Young population of rural background, particularly agricultural workers were the commonest patients (51.91%). The most common motive of poisoning was with a suicidal intent, both in males (27.59%) and females (66.39%). Financial crisis was one of the most common reasons analysed as the motive behind the poisoning (54.20%). Three hundred forty four Patients recovered and 22 were expired. The major cause of death in these cases was respiratory failure followed by multi-organ failure.Conclusion : Strict of the pesticide act and involving a new policy by the government to educate the public and youth in large about the dangerous, life threatening effects of Organophosphorus compound could help amelerioating the harmful effects of such poisoning.KYAMC Journal Vol. 9, No.-3, October 2018, Page 133-135

scholarly journals Hypospadias surgery: a single centre study to compare different techniques with special emphasis on transverse prepucial onlay island flap urethroplasty

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 2868
Author(s):  
Atul Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Island Flap ◽  
Urethral Plate ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Single Centre Study ◽  
Versatile Technique ◽  
Hypospadias Surgery ◽  
Case Basis ◽  
Ethical Clearance ◽  
Onlay Island Flap

Background: Urethroplasty for hypospadias is a difficult surgery in the best of hands. One stage surgery is usually preferred for its multiple benefits. Many techniques exist each with its own merits and demerits. Aim of the study was to compare different techniques in hypospadias surgery with special emphasis on transverse prepucial onlay island flap urethroplasty.Methods: All children operated for hypospadias from the period of 2016-2019 in Department of Surgery at Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur were included in the group after obtained approval from institutional ethical clearance commitee. The technique to be used was decided on a case to case basis depending mainly on the position of the meatus, size of the urethral plate and chordee (ventral curvature). All patients were analyzed for various complications and overall success rate.Results: 77 patients were operated and analyzed.  Overall the study could not establish the superiority of one technique above another. At the same time it establishes the versatility, satisfactory results and low complication rate of transverse prepucial onlay island flap (TPOIF) in different types of hypospadias.Conclusions: Success in urethroplasty depends on proper case selection, meticulous technique, a buttressing layer wherever possible and that TPOIF is a versatile technique for single stage hypospadias repair in distal, mid and proximal penile hypospadias.

scholarly journals Role of Four Layer Compression Dressings in Management of Chronic Venous Ulcers

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (02) ◽  
pp. 42-45
Author(s):  
Luv Luthra ◽  
Rajendra Prasad ◽  
Ranjith Kumar ◽  
Nivedita Mitta ◽  
Tinku Varghese
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Healing Rate ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Compression Therapy ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Venous Ulcers

Abstract Introduction Nonhealing venous ulcers are one of the most common forms of lower extremity ulcers in the present population. It is cumbersome to treat and is associated with high-morbidity and immense treatment expenses. The current treatments include compression therapy. Four-layer compression dressings have proven to be an effective treatment for venous ulcers. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of four-layer compression dressings and to study the rate of healing and duration of treatment with four-layer compression dressings. Materials and Methods A prospective randomized study conducted at MS Ramaiah Medical college which included 70 patients who completed the course of weekly dressings depending on the size of ulcer. The regular four-layer dressings were done by a trained podiatrist in vascular outpatient department (OPD) once a week. The area of the ulcer was calculated using the modified Gilmen formula. Results A total of 70 patients who were compliant with the treatment were included in the study. A considerable percentage (74%) of patients were male and all the ulcers were located at the gaiter area. Most belonged to the age group between 41 to 50 years (25%). The healing rate of ulcers at the end of 4, 8 and 12 weeks were 46.87, 28.12, and 25%, respectively. At the end of 12 weeks, all the ulcers healed.

scholarly journals Epidemiological study of animal bite victims and admission in general surgery department, in Southern Odisha: a cross sectional institutional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 3470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sibaprashad Pattanayak ◽  
Tapan Kumar Malla ◽  
Bipin Kishore Bara ◽  
Manoj Kumar Behera
Keyword(s):  
General Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Human Rabies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medicine Department ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Recent Estimate ◽  
Animal Bites ◽  
One Year ◽  
Surgery Department

Background: Human rabies continues to be endemic in India and according to recent estimate 20,000 persons die of this disease every year. Hence this study was conducted to know the prevalence and pattern of animal bites during last one year and to determine the rate of admission in Department of Surgery.Methods: This study was conducted in the casualty, Department of Community Medicine, Department of Surgery at M. K. C. G. Medical College, Odisha, India between 1st April 2016 - March 31st, 2017. It was a cross sectional study, where convenient sampling method was used. The sample size was 6242 subjects, above 1year age group selected randomly within last 1 year. The socio demographic characteristics, epidemiological and rate of admission in surgery department were studied.Results: It was found that during last one year, out of 6242 animal bite cases, majority of them were bitten by dogs 4785 (76.66%). It was found that 5617 (90%) are category III bite, 548 (8.78%) are category II bites, 77 (1.23%) are category I bite. Parts of body bitten by animals were limbs 5828 (93.37%), face 312 (5%), back 52 (0.83%). Out of 6242 cases, 348 (5.5%) cases were admitted in General Surgery Department.Conclusions: The prevalence of dog bite was found to be more and was of category III in nature and part of body affected were mostly limbs. Prevalence of bite was nearly equal among male and female. Around 5% of the total animal bite cases required admission in Department of Surgery.  

scholarly journals Profile of accidental injuries and poisoning in children and analysis of the predisposing factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 2747
Author(s):  
Meenakshi M. S. ◽  
Senthilprabhu R.
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Soft Tissue Injuries ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Economic Class ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Poisoning In Children

Background: Accidents continue to be the leading cause of death and disability between 1 year and 15year age group. Trauma lurks both developed and developing nations but in different guises. The aim is to determine the epidemiology, clinical profile and outcome of children with accidental injuries and poisoning and to analyse the factors predisposing to accidents in children.Methods: This was a prospective cohort study done at Institute of Social Pediatrics, Govt. Stanley Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India between September 2006 to August 2007.Results: Most common age group for occurrence of accident is less than 3 years n=68 (37.8%).  Male children 108 (60%) outnumbered female children 72 (40%). Among the accidents falls accounted for 32.8% cases which were the commonest followed by Road Traffic Accident (RTA) 22.2%, poisoning 21.1%, Foreign body 7.8%, Burns 6.1%, Drowning 1.7 % in decreasing order of frequency. In and around Home n=114 (63.3%) was the commonest place of occurrence of accident followed by 26.7% in streets, 3.9% in schools and 3.3% in playground. Sunday contributes to more accidents (20%) than any other day. Accidents were common between 3PM to 6 PM (36.1%). Among RTA and fall, skeletal injuries accounted for 49.9% followed by head injury 27.4%, and soft tissue injuries 25.6%. Among burns, the most common site involved was limbs and deep burns were more common than superficial burns. 86.7% of cases recovered completely, 5% had permanent residual deformity and death in 1.1% of cases. The various social factors were analyzed as risk factors for accidents using multivariate logistic regression analysis and was found that nuclear family had ODD’s ratio of 2.232 (95% C.I 1.004 -4.961), age of the mother <25years with ODD’s ratio 1.252 (95% C.I 1.085-3.025) and socio-economic class III and IV together with ODD’s ratio 1.603 (95% C.I 1.064 - 3.379).Conclusions: Accidents and poisoning lead to significant morbidity in children in this study. Comprehensive prevention strategies need to be implemented to bring down the rate of accidents.

scholarly journals Management of Alarming Hemangiomas with Oral Prednisolone in Infants

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
Kamal M Choudhury ◽  
Shafiqul Hoque
Keyword(s):  
Oral Prednisolone ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Prednisolone Therapy ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Medical University

Background: Treatment of hemangiomas remains a contentious and difficult issue for the physicians as well as for the surgeons. The numerous modality of treatment for hemangiomas testifies that no single mode of treatment is entirely satisfactory in their management. However, for alarming hemangiomas oral prednisolone had been used for long with encouraging resultsMethods: From a vast number of patients with hemangiomas attending the out-patient departments (OPDs) of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka Shishu Hospital (DSH), Rajshahi Medical College Hospital (RMCH) and BIRDEM General Hospital between 1999 through 2014, we had selected consecutively 462 infants with alarming hemangiomas. The whole study population (462 infants with alarming hemangiomas) received oral prednisolone at a dose of 2-4 mg/kg/day, and the results were observed sequentially in serial follow-ups.Results: About 71% patients showed substantial regression of the hemangiomas with oral prednisolone therapy after a mean duration of treatment of 6 months. Few adverse effects were associated with oral prednisolone but these were mostly transient and reversible.Conclusion: The authors assert that the management of alarming hemangiomas with oral prednisolone therapy is safe and effective.Birdem Med J 2017; 7(1): 7-11

scholarly journals P568 Effectiveness of ustekinumab after vedolizumab failure in patients with anti-TNF-refractory Crohn’s disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S528-S528
Author(s):  
N Dussias ◽  
F Rizzello ◽  
C Calabrese ◽  
A Sanna Passino ◽  
L Melotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Partial Response ◽  
Clinical Remission ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Symptom Control ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Referral Centre ◽  
Single Centre Study

Abstract Background Both vedolizumab (VDZ) and ustekinumab (UST) are indicated in the treatment of Crohn’s disease (CD) when anti-TNF treatment fails. While there are some studies regarding the efficacy of these two drugs in this setting, data are lacking regarding the effectiveness of UST in the treatment of VDZ-refractory disease. We aim to address this particularly challenging clinical picture in a real-world single-centre study. Methods CD patients from a single tertiary IBD referral centre receiving treatment with UST after failure to VDZ with a minimum follow-up period of 6 months were included. All patients had previously failed anti-TNF treatment. The primary outcome measure was achievement of steroid-free clinical remission, defined as HBI &lt; 5 at 6 months. We also assessed rates of partial response, defined as a reduction in HBI by ≥ 3 points and/or cessation of steroid treatment in patients who required corticosteroids at baseline for symptom control. Results A total of 32 patients (20 male, mean age ± SD 40.7 ± 14.2, range 21–75) receiving UST treatment after VDZ failure were analysed. Complete steroid-free clinical remission at 6 months from starting UST therapy was achieved in 19 patients (59.4%). Nine patients (28.1%) had partial response, while in the remaining 4 patients (12.5%) no response was achieved. No adverse events were recorded during the follow-up period. Conclusion Preliminary results suggest that UST is effective and safe in the treatment of VDZ-refractory CD.

PROFIL KERACUNAN PADA ANAK DI INSTALASI GAWAT DARURAT RUMAH SAKIT TERSIER YOGYAKARTA

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 328-334
Author(s):  
Ndaru Setyaningrum ◽  
◽  
Suci Febriani ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Household Products ◽  
Animal Bites ◽  
Age Limit ◽  
Poisoning In Children ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Yogyakarta City

This research was conducted to determine the profile of poisoning in children in the emergency department of Yogyakarta city tertiary hospital. The study was conducted retrospectively by taking data based on the medical records of children in 2016 - 2017. The research subjects were children with an age limit under 12 years. Total cases of poisoning in children in the emergency department of Yogyakarta City tertiary hospital in 2016 were 8 cases and in 2017 there were 11 cases. Most cases of poisoning occurred in 13 boys (68.4%) with an age range of 6 - 12 years 9 (47.4%). Poisoning cases occur predominantly in children who have not attended school 14 (73.7%). The cause of poisoning was successively due to animal bites of 11 cases (57.9%); drug 4 (21%); pesticide 2 (10.5%); food and household products - 1 case each (5.3%). The use of antidotes in this study was for 6 cases (31.6%). The profile of poisoning in children in the emergency department of a tertiary hospital in Yogyakarta is predominantly male (68.4%) with an age range of 6-12 years (47.4%) and not yet educated (73.7%). The dominant cause of poisoning is animal bites (57.9%) and drugs (21%).

Animal Bites and Stings with Anaphylactic Potential

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Klotz ◽  
Stephen A. Klotz ◽  
Jacob L. Pinnas
Keyword(s):  
Bites And Stings ◽  
Animal Bites
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document