Effectiveness of Glycerin Magnesium Sulphate Versus Heparin Benzyl Nicotinate Application Among Children with Phlebitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Akriti Shree Dahal ◽  
Roshani Tuitui ◽  
Purna Devi Shrestha ◽  
Bharati Sharma ◽  
Sharada Acharya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Sulphate ◽  
Infusion Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Alternative Intervention ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Infusion Phlebitis ◽  
And Control ◽  
Benzyl Nicotinate

Introduction: Phlebitis is the most common complication of intravenous infusion therapy. Incidence of phlebitis in children receiving intravenous therapy has been reported to be as high as 71.25%. The study was done to find out the effectiveness of glycerin magnesium sulphate versus heparin benzyl nicotinate application in children with phlebitis. Methods: A pre-post control group design was used. A total of 43 subjects were randomly assigned into two groups [22 in experimental (glycerin magnesium sulphate application) and 21 in control (heparin benzyl nicotinate application) group] by lottery method. Data was collected using Modified Visual Infusion Phlebitis (VIP) Score. Results: The comparison between VIP score was based on observations made before the interventions and at 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours after the intervention. Independent t tests showed significant difference in reduction of VIP score in experimental and control group after 12 hours and 24 hours of intervention. The study demonstrated that there is no statistically significant difference in reduction of VIP score among the subjects in experimental and control group at 12 hours (p = 0.219), 24 hours (p = 0.349), 36 hours (p = 0.695) and 48 hours (p = 0.424) after the intervention. Conclusion: The study concludes that both glycerin magnesium sulphate and heparin benzyl nicotinate can be used effectively among children with phlebitis. However, after 24 hours of phlebitis, an alternative intervention needs to be used.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Latihan Renang Teratur dan Latihan Renang Tidak Teratur Terhadap Kadar Trigliserida Plasma pada Rattus norvegicus

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-40
Author(s):  
Adi Wijayanto
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Regular Exercise ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Control

Triglycerides are source of energy in the body, but triglyceride deposits that exceed the threshold will cause health problems, so triglycerides should be lowered to normal. The reduction of triglycerides can be done through physical activity, therefore this study aims to reveal the effect of regular swimming exercises and irregular exercises against triglyceride levels. This research is an experimental research using The Post Test Only Control Group Design design. Subjects of the study were male of Rattus Norvegicus Wistar, 39 subjects was divided into 3 groups with Matched Subject Design technique, which consisted of 2 groups of treatment that is regular and irregular group, and control group. The exercise program was given a swimming with a 3% weight of body weight and was tied 5 cm from the tip of the tail which was performed 3 times per week consistently for regular exercise and 0 to 5 times per week inconsistently for irregular exercise for 12 weeks, While the control group was not given training. In the last week before the blood was taken, the first three groups were given swimming treatment exercises. Based on the results of the anava test, there was a significant difference in the reduction of triglyceride levels among white mice who were given regular exercise with irregular exercise. These results suggest that regular exercise has a better impact on triglyceride reduction than irregular exercise, due to the higher adaptation process of regular exercise.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF TWO TURNING REGIMENS (1 VERSUS EVERY 2 HOURS) IN THE PREVENTION OF CONSTIPATION IN PATIENTS WITH STROKE

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 192-196
Author(s):  
Nur Hidayati ◽  
Tintin Sukartini ◽  
Padoli Padoli
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Diet Modification ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Common Problems ◽  
And Control

Background: Constipation is one of the most common problems in stroke due to inactivity and immobility.Objective: To compare one hour and every two-hour turning regimens in the prevention of constipation in patients with stroke.Methods: This was a quasi-experimental research with pretest posttest with control group design. There were 39 participants assigned in intervention group (n=17) and control group (n=22). The intervention group turned every one hour, while control group turned every two hours. The turning regimen was implemented for five days. A bowel score was used to measure constipation. McNemar Test and Fisher Test were used to measure and compare the bowel score between the two groups.Results: There was no significant difference in the effect of two turning regiments on constipation (p > .05). However, based on a descriptive result, there was a slight decrease in the number of constipation from 47% to 29.4% in the intervention group, and from 32% to 27% in the control group.Conclusion: Turning might still become an effective way to prevent constipation in patients with stroke either every one hour or two hours without diet modification.

scholarly journals Penyuluhan dan Pengetahuan Tentang Pernikahan Usia Muda

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Rufaida Nurjanah ◽  
Dwiana Estiwidani ◽  
Yuliasti Eka Purnamaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Young Age ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Control

Pada tahun 2010-2012, di Kabupaten Gunungkidul, terjadi kenaikan dua kali lipat kasus pernikahan di bawah umur. Kasus tertinggi terdapat di Kecamatan Patuk, yaitu sebanyak 18 kasus. Kehamilan di usia muda berkorelasi dengan angka kematian ibu. Peningkatan pengetahuan kesehatan reproduksi dapat dilakukan dengan penyuluhan. Tujuan penelitian ini  untuk mengetahui pengaruh penyuluhan terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan tentang pernikahan usia muda. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuasi eksperimen dengan pretest-posttest terhadap kelompok kontrol. Penelitian dilakukan di SMPN 1 Patuk. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIII. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 25 responden, baik pada kelompok eksperimen maupun kontrol. Instrumen penelitian adalah kuesioner. Hasil pretest menunjukkan nilai rata-rata kelompok eksperimen adalah 70,40 dan kelompok kontrol adalah 71,20. Hasil posttest menunjukkan nilai rata-rata kelompok eksperimen adalah 90,88 dan kelompok kontrol adalah 78,40. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara nilai pretest dengan posttest. Peningkatan pengetahuan pada kelompok eksperimen sebesar 20,48, sedangkan kelompok kontrol sebesar 7,20. Hasil uji independen sampel uji t menghasilkan nilai p 0,000 (< 0,05). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh penyuluhan terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan tentang pernikahan usia muda pada siswa kelas VIII di SMPN 1 Patuk tahun 2013.In 2010-2012, the amount of underage marriage had doubled in Gunung Kidul. Moreover, the highest case was in Patuk which had 18 cases. However, there was correlation between early pregnancy and maternal mortality. Improving the knowledge of reproductive health can be done by counseling. The research was aimed to find out about the effect of counseling on the improvement of the knowledge of young age marriage. The research was categorized into quasi experimental research which has pre-posttest with control group design. The research was conducted at SMPN 1 Patuk. The subject of the research was VIII grade students. There were 25 respondents both the experiment group and control group as well. The instrument used was questioner. The result of pretest was the average score of experiment group was 70.40 while control group’s average score is 71.20. The result of the posttest was the average score of experiment group was 90.88 while the control group’s average score was 78.40. So, it could be concluded that there were a significant difference between pretest and posttest. The knowledge of experiment group increased by 20.48 whiles the control group’s knowledge increased by 7.20. The result of independent sample t-test was the score of p-value is 0.000 (< 0.05). This research concludes that there is effect of counseling on the improvement of the knowledge about young age marriage of VIII grade students of SMPN 1 Patuk in 2013.

scholarly journals Default sequence of Mozart’s compositions during pregnancy gave higher dendritic density in the cerebrum and cerebellum of Rattus norvegicus offsprings compared with reversed sequence and control

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Harry Mangasi Binsar Panjaitan ◽  
Hermanto Tri Joewono ◽  
Widjiati Widjiati
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Exposure Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Control

Objectives: This study aim to determine sequence of Mozart songs in the analyzing differences in dendritic density of cerebellum and cerebellum of new born Rattus novergicusMaterials and Methods: Experimental study randomized post test only control group design using Rattus norvegicus. Animal subjects were divided into three groups which were control group, and the treatment group that were given exposure to default sequence and reversed sequence of Mozart's music from gestation day 10. We used a comparison test in the analysis expression of BDNF.Results: In the cerebrum there was a significant difference in the Mozart group in reverse rather than with Mozart standard sequence and in standard Mozart group with no exposure group, with p=0.003 and p=0.000. In the cerebellum there was a significant difference in the group in reverse rather than with standard Mozart and in the standard Mozart group with the control group, with p=0.000 and p=0.000. However, there was no significant difference between control group and Mozart group upside down in cerebrum and cerebellum with p=0.109 and p=0.077Conclusion: The density of dendrites in the cerebrum and cerebellum of Rattus norvegicus newborn exposed to Mozart's music during pregnancy with standard Mozart sequence was higher than that in those receiving reverse order and without exposure. There were no significant differences between the density of the cerebrum and cerebellum dendrites between groups exposed to reversed sequence of Mozart composition and those without exposure.

scholarly journals Efektivitas Biblioterapi Kelompok untuk Menurunkan Agresivitas Siswa Sekolah Dasar

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-102
Author(s):  
Fikri Tahta Nurul Fiqih ◽  
Annita Wahyuningtyas ◽  
Abid Abdi Aziz ◽  
Erni Agustina Setiyowati
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Feasibility Assessment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas biblioterapi kelompok dalam menurunkan agresivitas pada siswa sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan desain Pretest-Postest Control Group Desain. Sampel dipilih berdasarkan hasil seleksi menggunakan skala agresivitas. Penempatan kelompok eksperimen menggunakan randomisasi. Sebanyak 18 siswa sebagai kelompok eksperimen dan 18 siswa sebagai kelompok kontrol. Alat ukur yang digunakan untuk pretest dan post test adalah skala agresivitas yang terdiri dari 55 pernyataan. Biblioterapi dilaksanakan sebanyak 7 sesi dengan menggunakan naskah-naskah cerita yang telah mendapat penilaian kelayakan dari Psikolog. Hasil analisis data menggunakan uji F menghasilkan perbedaan agresivitas yang signifikan antara gainscore kelompok eksperimen dan kontrol. Selain itu terdapat perbedaan agresivitas yang signifikan pada kelompok eksperimen sebelum dan sesudah intervensi, sedangkan pada kelompok control tidak ada perbedaan agresivitas yang signifikan antara pretest dan post test. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa biblioterapi kelompok dapat menurunkan agresivitas siswa.  This study aims to determine the effectiveness of bibliotherapy in reducing aggressiveness in elementary students. This study used an experimental method with the pretest-posttest control group design. The sample is chosen based on the results of the selection using an aggressiveness scale. Placement of the experimental group using randomization. A total of 18 students as the experimental group and 18 students as a control group. The measuring instrument used for the pretest and post-test is an aggressiveness scale consisting of 55 statements. Bibliotherapy was carried out as many as seven sessions using story scripts that had received a feasibility assessment from a Psychologist. The results of data analysis using the F test produced a significant difference in aggressiveness between the gain score of the experimental and control groups. The results showed that there were substantial differences in aggressiveness in the experimental group before and after the intervention. Whereas, in the control group, there was no significant difference in aggressiveness between the pretest and post-test. It can be concluded that bibliotherapy effectively reduces student aggressiveness.

scholarly journals Using Karaoke Videos to Teach Japanese Vocabulary to Taiwanese University Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Abolfazl Shirban Sasi ◽  
Toshinari Haga
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
University Students ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Gain Scores ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
And Control

This paper reports the usage of Japanese karaoke films in order to enhance learning Japanese vocabulary among students in a university in Taiwan. A pretest-posttest control-group design was implemented in which the treatment students (55 girls and 48 boys) were given Japanese vocabulary lessons via listening to and watching two karaoke films, while the control group (62 girls and 47 boys) received their Japanese vocabulary lessons through only listening to the same songs (N=212, P ≤ 0.05). The treatment lasted for six consecutive regular general Japanese classes in which the last 20 minutes of the session was allocated to this experiment. The statistical independent samples T-tests used for each of the three comparisons in this study revealed a significant higher gain scores for the girls treatment group, while the boys treatment and control, as well as the general (all) students  treatment and control groups did not show any significant difference. Given the ever-growing usage of karaoke in many countries such as Taiwan, the authors believe that addressing the possible and potential capabilities of such a favorable activity, particularly among the youth, can prove effective and helpful in teaching/learning Japanese and other languages.

scholarly journals PENINGKATAN CD8 DAN IFN-γ PADA HYPERSENSITIVITY PNEUMONITIS (HP) AKIBAT PAJANAN DEBU PENGGILINGAN PADI

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-259
Author(s):  
Isa Ma'rufi ◽  
Kuntoro Kuntoro ◽  
Soejdajadi Keman
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Animal ◽  
Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Early Therapy ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
And Control

Abstrak     Masalah klinis kesehatan kerja pada pekerja penggilingan padi saat ini adalah penyakit saluran pernafasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peningkatan CD8 dan IFN-γ pada Pneumonitis Hipersensitif (HP) akibat pajanan debu penggilingan padi pada mencit  (Musmusculus) BALB/C. Penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian eksperimental laboratoris dengan hewan coba mencit (Musmusculus) BALB/C,  rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Randomized the post test only control group design. Mencit  (Musmusculus) BALB/C dipajan dengan debu penggilingan padi selama empat jam/hari selama tiga puluh hari dengan konsentrasi 0.50 mg/m3, 0.75 mg/m3, 1.00 mg/m3. Variabel bebas adalah debu penggilingan padi, sedangkan variabel tergantung adalah   CD8 dan IFN-γ, serta gambaran histopatologis paru mencit, sedangkan variabel kendali adalah strain, berat badan, dan umur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan kadar CD8 antara kontrol dengan perlakuan, dan secara statistik  ada perbedaan yang bermakna. Kemudian terjadi peningkatan IFN-γ dan secara statistik ada perbedaan yang bermakna antara kontrol dan perlakuan pada mencit  (Musmusculus) BALB/C. Hasil penelitian dapat digunakan sebagai dasar upaya pencegahan dan pemberian terapi penyakit HP lebih dini sehingga dapat meningkatkan kualitas paru.   Kata Kunci: CD8, IFN-γ,  debu penggilingan padi     Abtract   The purpose of this research was to analyze increase of CD8  and IFN-γ of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (HP) as a result from the exposure of dust from paddy milling on mice (Musmusculus)BALB/C. The research done was a laboratory experimental research with mice (MusMusculus) as experimental animal.  The research design used was the post only control group design using mice (MusMusculus) Balb/c as experimental animal.  Mice (Musmusculus) Balb/c were exposed to dust from paddy milling for four (4) hours/day and it was done for thirty (30) days with the exposed concentrations respectively were 0.50 mg/m3, 0.75 mg/m3, 1.00 mg/m3.The research variables were free variable, dependent variable, and control variable.  Independent variable was dust from paddy milling, dependent variables were Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (HP), CD8 and IFN-γ, while control variables were strain, body weight and age of mice (MusMusculus) Balb/c. The research result showed that there was an increase of CD8, and statistically there was significant difference; there was an increase on IFN-γ and statistically there was a significant difference between the study and control on mice BALB/C. It was suggested that:  the research result be used to underlie a preventive action and an early therapy on Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (HP) so that it increase the quality of lung.   Keywords: CD8, IFN-γ, dust from paddy milling     Abtract   The purpose of this research was to analyze increase of CD8  and IFN-γ of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (HP) as a result from the exposure of dust from paddy milling on mice (Musmusculus)BALB/C. The research done was a laboratory experimental research with mice (MusMusculus) as experimental animal.  The research design used was the post only control group design using mice (MusMusculus) Balb/c as experimental animal.  Mice (Musmusculus) Balb/c were exposed to dust from paddy milling for four (4) hours/day and it was done for thirty (30) days with the exposed concentrations respectively were 0.50 mg/m3, 0.75 mg/m3, 1.00 mg/m3.The research variables were free variable, dependent variable, and control variable.  Independent variable was dust from paddy milling, dependent variables were Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (HP), CD8 and IFN-γ, while control variables were strain, body weight and age of mice (MusMusculus) Balb/c. The research result showed that there was an increase of CD8, and statistically there was significant difference; there was an increase on IFN-γ and statistically there was a significant difference between the study and control on mice BALB/C. It was suggested that:  the research result be used to underlie a preventive action and an early therapy on Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (HP) so that it increase the quality of lung.   Keywords: CD8, IFN-γ, dust from paddy milling  

scholarly journals Improving Science Learning Outcomes Through the SETS (Science Environment Technology And Society) Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 252
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Gede Karang Widiastuti ◽  
I Putu Edy Purnawijaya
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Science Learning ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Data Collection Technique ◽  
And Control

Science learning packaging still focuses on conventional learning. This causes students to feel bored in learning and have difficulty understanding the material taught by the teacher. This problem affects the students' low science learning outcomes. This study aims to analyze the significant differences in science learning outcomes for groups of students who are taught through the application of the SETS approach and students who are taught through conventional learning. This type of research is a quasi-experimental research design with nonequivalent control group design. The population and sample in this study were all students in grades IIIa and IIIb, totaling 61 people. The data collection technique in this research is a test. The technique used to analyze the data is using t-test statistical analysis. The results showed that there was a significant difference in science learning outcomes between the experimental and control groups as seen from the value of tcount = 5.862 > ttable = 2,000. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the SETS approach has an effect on students' science learning outcomes. This research implies that the SETS approach can assist teachers in developing the learning process.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Chain Drill Technique in Teaching Speaking

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dira Permana ◽  
Heri Hidayatullah ◽  
Nurul Hafizah
Keyword(s):  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Speaking Test ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan teknik Chain Drill dalam mengajarberbicara bahasa Inggris. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen semu menggunakan pretest-posttestcontrol group design. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk memperoleh data sampel pada penelitian ini adalah tesberbicara dalam bentuk instruksi. Teknik yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data adalah pretest danposttestberbicara. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianaisis dengan menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptifdan inferensial untuk menarik sebuah kesimpulan. Berdasarkan analisis, ditemukan bahwa skor rata-rata post-test lebih tinggi dari skor rata-rata pre-test (64≥37), sedangkan di kelas kontrol, skor rata-rata post-test jugalebih tinggi daripada skor rata-rata pre-test (50≥30). Dari data yang diperoleh, diperoleh perbedaan skor baikpada post-test dari pre-test antara kedua kelas; kelas eksperimen 14≥7 untuk kelas kontrol yang menunjukkanskor eksperimen lebih tinggi daripada kelas kontrol. Analisis lebih lanjut pada uji-t, ditemukan bahwa skor uji-t(2,52) lebih tinggi dari t-tabel (1,671) dengan tingkat kebebasan 42. Dengan kata lain, Ha diterima dan Hoditolak, dimana terdapat perbedaan signifikan dalam perolehan selisih skor antara kelas eksperimen dankontrol. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan teknik Chain Drill efektif dalam mengajarberbicara. Abstract: This study aims at finding out the effectiveness of Chain Drill technique in teaching speaking. Thisstudy useda quasi-experimental research method with pretest-posttest control group design. The instrumentused to gain data of samples was a speaking test in the form of instruction. The technique used to collect datawas pretest and posttest of speaking test. Data gained were subsequently analyzed by using descriptive andinferential statistical analysis from which a conclusion was drawn. Based on the analysis, it was found that themean score of post-test was higher than the mean score of pre-test (64≥37), while in the control class, the meanscore of post-test was also higher than the mean score of pre-test (50≥30). From the data obtained, it was foundthe difference in score both in post-test from pre-test between the two classes; experimental class 14≥7 forcontrol class which showed experimental score was higher than the control class. The further analysis on the t-test, it was found that t-test score (2.52) was higher than t-table (1.671) with the degree of freedom 42. In otherwords, H a was accepted and H o was rejected in which there was a significant difference in scores betweenexperiment and control class. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of Chain Drill technique is effective inteaching speaking.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Make a Match terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Di Kelas VII SMP Yapis Manokwari

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Khoirul Munir ◽  
Insar Damopolii ◽  
Iwan
Keyword(s):  
Student Achievement ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Class Viii ◽  
And Control

The purpose of the study was to find out different cognitive student achievement used Make a Match and conventional learning model in pollution and destruction environment and the connection with human activity material in class VII SMP Yapis Manokwari. The method used the quasi experimental with nonequivalent control group design. The sample in this research was conducted in class VIII A as experimental class as many as 28 students and class VII B as control class as many as 25 students. The technique sampling used purposive sampling. The data analysis was t-test and significant ɑ= 0,05. The result showed the significant 0,039 &lt; 0,05 and score of experiment class were 69,21 and control class were 56,4. Conclusion, there is a significant difference in the average cognitive student achievement who are taught by Make a Match learning model and the conventional learning model.

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