scholarly journals Process Dynamic of Two-Thermal-Tank-Series with Dead Time

Eksergi ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Yulius Deddy Hermawan ◽  
Wibiana Wulan Nandari ◽  
Fauzan Irfandy ◽  
Riski Ajin Rahmadi ◽  
Aryandhanu Mukti Tri Perkasa
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Behavior ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Gate Valve ◽  
Dead Time ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Process Dynamic ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
Volumetric Flowrate

The multi-tank-series system could come up the problem of instability due to dead-time. The goals of this work are to study the dynamic behavior of Two-Thermal-Tanks-Series (TTTS) with dead time through the open loop experiment in laboratory, and to propose the new-module of fundamental chemical engineering practicum in field of process dynamic for undergraduate program. The two stirred-tank-heaters @10L were designed for heating of water fluid. Both of tanks were designed overflow to maintain their volume constant. The gate valve was installed in the inlet pipe of Tank-1 to adjust its volumetric flowrate (f). The inlet temperature of Tank-1 (T1), the liquid temperatures in Tank-1 (T2) and Tank-2 (T3) were measured by thermocouple multi-channels. The volt-ampere-regulators were used to adjust the electrical energy in Tank-1 (q1) and Tank-2 (q2). The mathematical model was solved and rigorously examined in Xcos/Scilab. In order to study the dynamic behavior of TTTS, the inlet flowrate disturbance was made based on step input change. According to our investigation in laboratory and open loop simulation, both Tank-1 and Tank-2 gave stable responses, the model’s responses showed the closed and similar trend with laboratory’s responses, and time delay of about 30 seconds has been found in Tank-2.

EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF CAR PROPERTIES ON A PHYSICAL MODEL

2019 ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Oleksii Timkov ◽  
Dmytro Yashchenko ◽  
Volodymyr Bosenko
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Remote Control ◽  
Physical Model ◽  
Model Experiment ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Motor Current ◽  
Memory Card ◽  
The Mathematical Model

The article deals with the development of a physical model of a car equipped with measuring, recording and remote control equipment for experimental study of car properties. A detailed description of the design of the physical model and of the electronic modules used is given, links to application libraries and the code of the first part of the program for remote control of the model are given. Atmega microcontroller on the Arduino Uno platform was used to manage the model and register the parameters. When moving the car on the memory card saved such parameters as speed, voltage on the motor, current on the motor, the angle of the steered wheel, acceleration along three coordinate axes are recorded. Use of more powerful microcontrollers will allow to expand the list of the registered parameters of movement of the car. It is possible to measure the forces acting on the elements of the car and other parameters. In the future, it is planned to develop a mathematical model of motion of the car and check its adequacy in conducting experimental studies on maneuverability on the physical model. In addition, it is possible to conduct studies of stability and consumption of electrical energy. The physical model allows to quickly change geometric dimensions and mass parameters. In the study of highway trains, this approach will allow to investigate the various layout schemes of highway trains in the short term. It is possible to make two-axle road trains and saddle towed trains, three-way hitched trains of different layout. The results obtained will allow us to improve not only the mathematical model, but also the experimental physical model, and move on to further study the properties of hybrid road trains with an active trailer link. This approach allows to reduce material and time costs when researching the properties of cars and road trains. Keywords: car, physical model, experiment, road trains, sensor, remote control, maneuverability, stability.

Experimental Study to Characterize the Performance of Combined Photovoltaic/Thermal Air Collectors

2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Véronique Delisle ◽  
Michaël Kummert
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
Back Surface ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Outlet Temperature ◽  
Cell Temperature ◽  
Average Temperature

Combined photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) collectors show great potential for reaching the objective of net-zero energy consumption in buildings, but the number of products on the market is still very limited. One of the reasons for the slow market uptake of PV/T collectors is the absence of standardized methods to characterize their performance. Performance characterization is a challenge for PV/T collectors because of the interaction between the thermal and electrical yield. This study addresses this particular issue for PV/T air collectors used in either closed-loop or open-loop configurations. In particular, it presents the potential of the equivalent cell temperature method to determine the temperature of the PV cells in a PV/T air collector and validates models to predict the thermal performance and cell temperature for this particular type of solar collector. Indoor and outdoor experimental tests were performed on two c-Si unglazed PV/T modules. The indoor part of this procedure provided the thermal diode voltage factor and the open-circuit voltage temperature coefficient, two parameters that are essential in the calculation of the equivalent cell temperature. The outdoor procedure consisted of acquiring simultaneous electrical and thermal measurements at various inlet temperatures and flowrates. For the collector used in a closed-loop configuration, thermal efficiency models using the fluid inlet, outlet, or average temperature in the calculation of the reduced temperature provided similar results. For an open-loop configuration, a thermal efficiency model as a function of the fluid outlet flowrate was found to be more appropriate. Using selection of variable methods, it was found that a multiple linear regression model using the fluid inlet temperature, the irradiance, and the fluid outlet temperature as predictive variables could be used to estimate both the PV module back surface average temperature and the equivalent cell temperature. When using the PV temperature predicted by these models in the electrical efficiency model, both PV temperatures showed similar performance. In collectors where the PV back surface temperature is not accessible for temperature sensors mounting, the equivalent cell temperature provides a valuable alternative to be used as the PV temperature. The PV/T collector thermal and electrical performance in either closed-loop or open-loop configurations was found to be encapsulated with a series of five-plots.

Outlook of the Dynamic Behavior of Closed-Loop Control through Open-Loop Analysis for Intensified Separation Processes

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (49) ◽  
pp. 16795-16808
Author(s):  
Julián Cabrera-Ruiz ◽  
César Ramírez-Márquez ◽  
Shinji Hasebe ◽  
Salvador Hernández ◽  
J. Rafael Alcántara Avila
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Behavior ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Closed Loop Control ◽  
Loop Analysis ◽  
Separation Processes ◽  
Loop Control

scholarly journals Motion Simulation for Triangular-Shaped Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (TAUV) with Controllable Rudder

2021 ◽  
Vol 2107 (1) ◽  
pp. 012046
Author(s):  
I Y Amran ◽  
K Isa
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Autonomous Underwater Vehicle ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Underwater Vehicle ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Motion Simulation ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Angular Velocities ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Abstract The dynamic model and motion simulation for a Triangular-Shaped Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (TAUV) with independently controlled rudders are described in this paper. The TAUV is designed for biofouling cleaning in aquaculture cage fishnet. It is buoyant underwater and moves by controlling two thrusters. Hence, in this research work, the authors designed a TAUV that is propelled by two thrusters and maneuvered by using an independently controllable rudder. This paper discussed the development of a mathematical model for the TAUV and its dynamic characteristics. The mathematical model was simulated by using Matlab and Simulink to analyze the TAUV’s motion based on open-loop control of different rudder angles. The position, linear and angular velocities, angle of attack, and underwater vehicle speed are all demonstrated in the findings.

A Modular Code for Real Time Dynamic Simulation of Gas Turbines in Simulink

2002 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. 506-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Camporeale ◽  
B. Fortunato ◽  
M. Mastrovito
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Dynamic Behavior ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Time Step ◽  
The Mathematical Model

A high-fidelity real-time simulation code based on a lumped, nonlinear representation of gas turbine components is presented. The code is a general-purpose simulation software environment useful for setting up and testing control equipments. The mathematical model and the numerical procedure are specially developed in order to efficiently solve the set of algebraic and ordinary differential equations that describe the dynamic behavior of gas turbine engines. For high-fidelity purposes, the mathematical model takes into account the actual composition of the working gases and the variation of the specific heats with the temperature, including a stage-by-stage model of the air-cooled expansion. The paper presents the model and the adopted solver procedure. The code, developed in Matlab-Simulink using an object-oriented approach, is flexible and can be easily adapted to any kind of plant configuration. Simulation tests of the transients after load rejection have been carried out for a single-shaft heavy-duty gas turbine and a double-shaft aero-derivative industrial engine. Time plots of the main variables that describe the gas turbine dynamic behavior are shown and the results regarding the computational time per time step are discussed.

A Unified Frequency Equation and the Motion Analysis of a Moving Flexible Beam Carrying a Concentrated Mass

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Park ◽  
J. W. Lee ◽  
Y. Youm ◽  
W. K. Chung
Keyword(s):  
Natural Frequencies ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Frequency Equation ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Mode Shapes ◽  
Flexible Beam ◽  
Lumped Mass ◽  
Concentrated Mass ◽  
Forcing Function ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Abstract In this paper, the mathematical model of a Bernoulli-Euler cantilever beam fixed on a moving cart and carrying an intermediate lumped mass is derived. The equations of motion of the beam-mass-cart system is analyzed utilizing unconstrained modal analysis, and a unified frequency equation which can be generally applied to this kind of system is obtained. The change of natural frequencies and mode shapes with respect to the change of the mass ratios of the beam, the lumped mass and the cart and to the position of the lumped mass is investigated. The open-loop responses of the system by arbitrary forcing function are also obtained through numerical simulations.

Dynamics of MEMS-Based Angular Rate Sensors Excited via External Electrostatic Forces

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim F. Gebrel ◽  
Ligang Wang ◽  
Samuel F. Asokanthan
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Behavior ◽  
Electrostatic Force ◽  
Angular Rate ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Ring Structure ◽  
Dynamic Responses ◽  
Actuator Dynamics ◽  
Vibratory Gyroscopes ◽  
Thin Ring ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Abstract This paper investigates the dynamic behavior of rotating MEMS-based vibratory gyroscopes which employs a thin ring as the vibrating flexible element. The mathematical model for the MEMS ring structure as well as a model for the nonlinear electrostatic excitation forces are formulated. Galerkin’s procedure is employed to reduce the equations of motion to a set of ordinary differential equations. Understanding the effects of nonlinear actuator dynamics is considered important for characterizing the dynamic behavior of such devices. A suitable theoretical model to generate nonlinear electrostatic force that acts on the MEMS ring structure is formulated. Dynamic responses in the driving and the sensing directions are examined via time responses, phase diagram, and Poincare’ map plots when the input angular motion and the nonlinear electrostatic force are considered simultaneously. The analysis is envisaged to aid fabrication of this class of devices as well as for providing design improvements in MEMS Ring-based Gyroscopes.

scholarly journals Mathematical modeling of physical processes in the complex for testing of induction machines

2018 ◽  
Vol 239 ◽  
pp. 01055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor Kharlamov ◽  
Denis Popov
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Frequency Converter ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Induction Machines ◽  
Test Scheme ◽  
Load Testing ◽  
Variable Parameters ◽  
Asynchronous Machines ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
The Given

The paper is devoted to the simulation of the test complex designed for energy-efficient load testing of induction machines by the method of mutual load with the exchange of electrical energy through the network. It is noted that for other similar test schemes, the mathematical model will have a slightly different form, but it will be identical in terms of asynchronous machines, network and frequency converter. The compiled mathematical model of the test complex allows studying the variable parameters of the system in all elements of the test scheme in static and dynamic modes of operation as well. The synthesized mathematical model can be used to determine the parameters of the equipment in the designed test complexes if the parameters of the test and load machines are known. The results of simulation of the test complex for the given parameters of the test and load induction machines are obtained.

The Generalized Response of Servovalve-Controlled, Single-Rod, Linear Actuators and the Influence of Transmission Line Dynamics

1984 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Watton
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Line ◽  
Frequency Response ◽  
System Design ◽  
Dynamic Behavior ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Fatigue Testing ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Linear Actuators ◽  
Probable Type

The open-loop response of servovalve-controlled single-rod linear actuators in investigated for both the extending and retracting cases. A linearized frequency response technique is used to establish the probable type of dynamic behavior. Nondimensional results are presented as an aid to system design, and a boundary is established such that a simplified approximation may be used. A particular class of system is then examined where interconnecting transmission lines would be important, and the techniques previously used are modified accordingly. The techniques are verified with a precision actuator developed for fatigue testing of vehicle and airframe systems.

A High-Fidelity Real-Time Simulation Code of Gas Turbine Dynamics for Control Applications

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Camporeale ◽  
B. Fortunato ◽  
M. Mastrovito
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Dynamic Behavior ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Simulation Code ◽  
Real Time Simulation ◽  
Time Simulation ◽  
The Mathematical Model

A novel high-fidelity real-time simulation code based on a lumped, non-linear representation of gas turbine components is presented. The aim of the work is to develop a general-purpose simulation code useful for setting up and testing control equipments. The mathematical model and the numerical procedure are specially developed in order to efficiently solve the set of algebraic and ordinary differential equations that describe the dynamic behavior of the gas turbine engine. The paper presents the model and the adopted solver procedure. The code, developed in Matlab-Simulink using an object-oriented approach, is flexible and can be easily adapted to any kind of plant configuration. For high-fidelity purposes, the mathematical model takes into account the actual composition of the working gases and the variation of the specific heats with the temperature, including a stage-by-stage model of the air-cooled expansion. Simulation tests of the transients after load rejection have been carried out for a single-shaft heavy-duty gas turbine and a double-shaft industrial engine. Time plots of the main variables that describe the gas turbine dynamic behavior are shown and the results regarding the computational time per time step are discussed.

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